ASIAN SCIENCE CAMP 2011 (ASC 2011) 6TH AUGUST 2011 TO 13TH AUGUST 2011 DAEJEON, KOREA

SITI SAUFU BINTI MAT ISA UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS

1.0 Introduction The Asian Science Camps aim at enlightening science talented youths through discussion and dialogues with top scholars in the world, and to promote international friendship and cooperation among the best young students of the next generation in the Asian region.

The Camp usually invites a number of Nobel Laureates or worlddistinguished scientists as speakers. An interesting program which includes plenary lecture sessions, panel discussions, student master dialogues, a creative poster competition, social events and excursion is carried out.

This camp is the fifth series. The previous camp were successfully held in Taipei (2007), Bali (2008), Japan (2009), Mumbai (2010). The 2011 ASC took place in Daejeon, Korea from 6th August until 13th of August. The specific responsibility conducting this camp was entrusted to Korea Advance Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST).

The camp was funded by many government institutions such as The Korean Physical Society (KPS), The Korean Chemical Society (KCS), Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (KSMCB), Korean Association of Basic Medical Scientist (KABMS). It is 6 days inspiring life changing moment for around 200 Asian students, who will learn from Nobel Laureates and world class scientist in the field of Physic, Chemistry, Biology and Medicine. Considering that Asias current education systems, compared with those in the west, traditionally lack flexibility and openness in developing student individually, creativity and originality, particularly with respect to science, reshaping of education in Asian region is a very important task. A realistic first step is to provide those bright and promising students an opportunity to satisfy their desire for learning and inspire them to pursue excellence in science research. These talented students would then become assets not only to their countries, but to all human kind. It is the dream of ASC that student participating in the event will contribute to shape a better future for the world someday.

There are 212 student and supervisors from 19 countries/regions in Asia Australia Bangladesh Chinese Taipei Egypt Hong Kong,China Indonesia Israel India Japan Kazakhtan Korea Malaysia Nepal Pakistan Singapore Sri Lanka Thailand Turkey Vietnam

The leaders in this camp are: Zhores ALFEROV Aaron CIECHANOVER Shigang HE Eun Seong KIM Jungsang KIM Seong Keun KIM Sung-Hou KIM Young-Kee KIM Makato KOBAYSHI Roger KORNBERG Masatoshi KOSHIBA Yuan Tseh LEE Jim Jr-Min LIN Douglas OSHEROFF Stuart PARKIN Jia-Wei WU

All the leader are Nobel Laureates and world-class scientist which come here as speakers and devise an interesting program to attract the participants, including plenary lecture, camps, a creative poster competition, social events and excursion.

Representative from Malaysia are: Name Dr Yusrizam Sharifudin (Supervisor) Muhammad Faisal Bin Khyasudeen Wan Muhammad Afif Bin Wan Ruzali Nor Syazana Bt Shamsudin Mohd Khairul Nizam Bin Mazlan Khalisah Bt Mohd Jailam Siti Saufu Bt Mat Isa Ahmad Taufik Bin Mokhtaza Institution Universiti Malaya Universiti Malaya Universiti Malaya Universiti Putra Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

From left: Siti Saufu Bt Mat Isa (UPSI), Nor Syazana Bt Shamsudin (UPM), Muhammad Faisal Bin Khyasudeen (UM), Dr Yusrizam Sharifudin (Supervisor), Khalisah Bt Mohd Jailam (UKM), Ahmad Taufik Bin Mokhtaza (USIM), Wan Muhammad Afif Bin Wan Ruzali (UM), and Mohd Khairul Nizam Bin Mazlan (USM).

2.0 Activities 2.1 Welcome Reception/ Cultural Activity The reception purpose is to welcome all participants from different countries and golden opportunity for them to show their own distinct culture. Malaysia delegates take this chance to introduce our traditional clothes usually worn by Malays such as Baju Melayu, Baju Batik, Baju Kurung and Songket. Some of other countries that perform their unique dances are

Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, India and Sri Lanka. I love performance from Pakistan where they play the keyboard and sing a song about their fondness towards Pakistan. 2.2 Opening Ceremony During this ceremony, those important persons behind the management of ASC 2011 gave their massages and hopes for all participants, also introducing once again the leaders and participants from all countries. 2.3 Lectures These are general lectures on a wide range of themes carried out for every participants of the program. Each plenary lecture was held at Terman Hall of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. There are eleven lectures given by eleven leaders in this 2011 ASC session. Throughout the lectures, participants were encouraged to ask relevant questions. (At the end of ASC, the leaders will confer on the best questions asked throughout the entire 2011 ASC session).

2.4 Camps The camp is a discussion session with a leader and a Group of students. For this purpose, the 2011 ASC participant (student) were divided into seven group; A, B, C, D, E, F and G with each group consisting of 24 to 25 student. The 2011 ASC Community allocated participant into these Groupin such a way that each Group will have participant from every country. The group leaders/accompanying teachers for each country have the option to join any group of their choosing for each of the seven Camp. The seven Camp held, each have seven parallel sessions ( corresponding to seven Group; A, B, C, D, E, F, and G). Each Camp session began with a short presentation by the Leader for a half an hour, followed by discussion between the Leader and each Group of students.

Group A B C D E F G

Malaysian Team Member Nur Syazana Shamsudin ( UPM ) Muhd Faisal Khyasudin ( UM ) Wan Muhd Afif Wan Ruzali ( UM ) Khalisah Bt muhd Jailam ( UKM ) Mohd Khairul Nizam Bin Mazlan ( USM ) Siti Saufu Mat Isa ( UPSI ) Mohd Taufik Bin Mokhtar ( USIM )

Meeting Room 201 202 203 211 210 209 208

Since there is every Malaysia representative in each Group, our team should be able to participate in all 35 Camp session and share the knowledge in their respective Group with the rest of Malaysian Team Member.

Camp I Zhores Alferov Sung-Hou Kim Jia-Wei Wu Eunseong Kim Dougles Osheroff

August 8 16:05 - 17:15 The History of Semiconductor Heterostructures Research Discovery Process of a Cancer Drug Structural Insight into the regulation of Protein Kinase Supersolidity in Solid helium Scientific Discovery: My Lifetime of Adventure
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Group A B C D E

Jim Jr-Min Lin Seong Keun Kim

Ozone Hole Formation and Photochemistry of ClOOCl Thinking scientifically : What it means to be a scientist?

F G

Camp II Sung-Hou Kim Yuan Tseh Lee Eunseong Kim Aaron Ciechanover Jungsang Kim Young-Kee Kim Rojer Kornberg

August 8 17:35-18:45 Discovery Process of a Cancer Drug The International Year of Chemistry Supersolidity in Solid helium Drug Development in the 21st Century Quantum Physic and Computers Understanding the Origin of Mass A Personal History

Group A B C D E F G

Camp V Jim Jr-Min Lin Zhores Alferov Jungsang Kim Makato Kobayashi Stuart Parkin Shigang He Jia-Wei Wu

August 10 10:35 - 11:45 Ozone Hole Formation and Photochemistry of ClOOCl The History of Semiconductor Heterostructures Research Quantum Physic and Computers From My Experience My Journey of Life Neuroscience and Retinal Structure Structural Insight into the regulation of Protein Kinase

Group A B C D E F G

Camp IV Shigang He Jia-Wei Wu Stuart Parkin Sung-Hou Kim Jim Jr-Min Lin Zhores Alferov Jungsang Kim

August 11 16:50 - 18:00 Neuroscience and Retinal Structure Structural Insight into the regulation of Protein Kinase My Journey of Life Discovery Process of a Cancer Drug Ozone Hole Formation and Photochemistry of ClOOCl The History of Semiconductor Heterostructures Research Quantum Physic and Computers

Group A B C D E F G

2.5 Panel Discussion This is where all the Nobel Laureates sit in a row and throw out their opinions and personal statements to be shared with all the particioants. The panels are Nobel Laureates which are Masatoshi Koshiba, Douglas Osheroff, Makoto Kobayashi and Zhores Alferov from physics oriented field. From the right side are Yuan Tseh Lee, Aaron Chiechanover and Roger Kornberg. The first question was what has attracted you to become scientist, was there any particular motivation or momentum for you to major science. There are various answers from the Nobel Laureates such as motivation from their respected teachers, surrounding, parents, self-desire and books too. Second question is about how to develop creativity during high school and college period. A lot of attitudes suggested by them like be different, be big disbeliever, listen to nature, put no limitation to anything, do analysis, and find problem then solve it. In order to boost up the level of basic science among Asian students, they said real problems should be applied to students, less time doing homework and more time learning and explore new things, share basic excellent science in our country and the government should supplies basic science research funding. When asked on how to become Nobel Laureates like them, none of them particularly aim for the prize actually. They just have passion in doing research and the result is unexpected. They just try to be good scientist, achieve satisfaction in solving problem, finding the solution for what you really want to know, and be a good manager for your own human resources. From this panel discussion, some of the answer startled me where one of them never done his homework and just read what he wanted to know. Some of them are very humble and friendly, willingly to share their experiences in life. One of the main point that I got is anything can be done if it is your own desire, only that self-willingness is enough to accelerate you to continue what youre doing.

From left: Zhores Alferov, Makoto Kobayashi, Douglas Osheroff, Masatoshi Koshiba, Chairperson, Yuan Tseh Lee, Aaron Chiechanover, and Roger Kornberg.

2.6 Banquet Right after the lecture, we moved to Daejeon Convention Center by buses. We have to eat at the Vegetarian table to avoid any non-halal foods. The opening was very intriguing with sand drawing illustration about the ASC 2011. Then a few important peoples behind ASC 2011 delivered their speech and after that we started eating. The menu are tomato with bean curd, sweet pumpkin soup, fried bean curd stuffed with rice, potatoes corn with vegetable patty and hot vegetable (broccoli, green pea, corn and carrot), lettuce and tomato with Italian dressing, cheese cake as the dessert and orange juice. During our dessert, Korean artist perform their traditional music instrument. And then the performance of some kids singing two songs, and they are very talented. 2.7 Student Activity Participants experienced a delightful time with the invited magician. The Malaysia participants along with participants from Australia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Israel are in the same group. The magician showed and then taught us a few tricks and the magical kits were provided. Some of the tricks use card, chopstick and tissues. 2.8 Tour Course A The first place we went is POSCO, Pohang Steel Works. We, participants from Malaysia were in the same bus with participants from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Australia and Israel and also along with their volunteers. We were taken around the steel work by bus and being briefly
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explained about the steel works by their tour speaker. The steel work areas are decorated with so many plants so that we feel like we are in garden not a steel work. It also emphasized the safety and environment-friendly rules. Then we went to Korean Planetarium due to time strain on the way back to KAIST. At the planetarium we were given the chance to experience stars starring at night. It was an interesting and wonderful experience since I havent stare at the star quite some time. Then we were explained about the telescope used to watch star. After that we went back to KAIST to have our dinner and the poster preparation that night was cancelled because all the participants are tired due to the tour activities.

POSCO (Pohang Steel Works) from the outside view.

2.9 Unit Activity During unit activity, participants are given the opportunity to discuss on what they want to do for their posters. This is one of the chances that they have to gather around and exchange opinion despite the full schedule they had all day. My group is F-4 who the other members are Nawon Lee and Ki Dae Shin from Korea, Ngoc Oanh from Vietnam, Muhammad Rizal from Indonesia, Abhieshik Mishra from India. We have discussion on what we wanted to prepare for poster. Finally we came up with the idea of animal cheating behaviour in nature. Every each one of us need to find as many interesting examples as we can to make our poster interesting. Its a pleasure to get to know them and they are all very friendly. I got to learn
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different English accent from them which help me to listen more careful to them and pay more attention. For the second unit activity, my group met in computer room so that its easier for us to gather on information on our topic; Animals Cheating Behaviour. We manage to get some useful information before we were ordered to leave the room because of the time is already late. 2.10 Poster preparation and presentation During the first Group meeting, the student in each Group were divided into Teams, each consisting of 5 to 6 students. The participants have been divided by the organiser so that each team will have different countries. Since each team are from the same Groups, they would have attended the same Camp session and were exposed to the same dialogue session with the same Leaders. The participants have to work together in their respective Teams to come up with a Poster (each of size 1150mm x 750mm) conveying a specific message. What was learned from lectures and discussions during camps may be incorporated into their message with further information from the internet. Each Team was provided with 2 blank card sheets (1150mmx750mm), blank A4 papers, sketch pens, colour pencils, glue and other stationary. Computers and colour printer also available in the computer lab nearby. On the last day of ASC 2011, each team will display their poster. Six of about forty posters will be selected by the five judges (Leaders and Organizers) and also judges by the participant. Each Team need to vote their best five posters. This is to train the student to be a determined scientist who able to judge their own members. The six Teams who has chosen will get the three bronze medals, two silver medal and one gold medal. My team and I tried our best to prepare the poster and display it on time. During the poster presentation, we need to answer the questions from everybody who came to us and ask about the poster we made. And we also need to evaluate others poster and then choose 5 best posters. 2.11 Closing Ceremony During the closing ceremony, representative of each country are given their certificate of attendance to ASC 2011 on the stage by Dong Phil Min. And then three participants were awarded The Best Question Award, the selection of best question was based on the qquestin
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that will evoke another question and the scientist need to do another research to answer those questions. The next award is Best Poster award, three bronzes, two silvers and one gold prize will be awarded to most inventive and distinguished posters. One of Malaysian poster which is belong to Wan Muhammad Afif B Wan Ruzali won the Bronze Medal, his group poster use illustration to convey about particle and antiparticle in more funny and enjoyable way. 2.12 Farewell Party The opening of this party was marked by performance from B-Boyz who perform break dance. And then the party continued with few songs and the participants and the volunteers dance and sing along. 3.0 Scientists and their lectures 3.1 Masatoshi Koshiba Title: The Birth of Neutrino Astrophysics This lecture was about an entirely new aspect of the Universe was revealed by the birth of neutrino astrophysics. This is the discovery on neutrino, the elementary particle that is not electrically charged, our bodies actually emit neutrino every seconds. Only that we cannot see and feel them but they are existed. Masatoshi Koshiba is a very humble and passionate person in science, one of the participants asked him what made him continue his research even there are so many obstacles in doing research especially in the physics field. His answer is that his own desires and passion in doing the research itself. 3.2 Yuan Tseh Lee Title: Energy, Environment and the Sustainability of Human Society. Professor Lee invited us to realize that the world is already over-developed, long time ago man is a part of nature but now man is making nature apart. Now, its time to wake up and save the earth. He wanted researchers to have green-ethics in doing research to maintain the sustainability of human society. 3.3 Young Kee Kim Title: E=mc2, Opening Windows of the World

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She talked about Higgs Boson which also called the God Particle because its the particle that can explain object with mass and energy, and also about strong and weak forces. This particle is not discovered yet but theoretically existed. At the end of this lecture, she leave us with some unsolved mysteries such as do forces become one? Do protons decay? Are there extra dimension of space? And many other unsolved questions as if she wanted us, the participants to solve it someday. 3.4 Roger Kornberg Title: Bridge to the Future A history of biomedical science was introduced to us, about the x-ray, lysosome and the structure of bacteria cell wall. He said that knowledge is limiting, what he meant was he wanted us to not learn from the books but learning by doing, to solve the unsolved problems. 3.5 Makoto Kobayashi Title: Particle and Antiparticle He showed the structure of matter such as proton and neutron which consist of elements in Higgs Boson, and the history about antiparticle idea, pair annihilation, charge conjugation, and also standard model. His research focussed on the CP violation (C is for charge and P is for Parity symmetry). He asked us to not only care about things that we can see but put our imagination beyond it. 3.6 Aaron Chiechanover Title: Why Our Protein Have to Die so We Shall Live Meat or steak that is left for one night will degenerate and become stinky but meat in our body did not get rotten because it can resynthesized itself. 5-7% protein in our body changes every day. 3.7 Sung Hou Kim Title: Brief History of Life 101 He is attracted to the question from one of the participant in the first lecture and he answered it in his lecture. The universe is expanding but the sizes of galaxies do not increase only the distance between them increased. The earth is only one pale blue dot in the universe. He
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loves to give some enthusiastic questions like how was the universe formed? and what is dark energy?. 3.8 Stuart Parkin Title: Science of Magnetism He discovered the way on how to separate and change the spin of electron by manipulating the magnetic field. He also contributed in making the size of computer smaller, and invented digital storage devices such as hard drive. He also gave brief explanation on the evolution of hard disk. 3.9 Zhores Alferov Title: Semiconductor Revolution in the 20th Century He discovers new physics in developing silicon and semiconductor and had done research to give message to the humankind. His idea is science is international and should be shared with all humankind. 3.10 Seong Keun Kim Title: Past and Future of Modern-day Alchemy From his lecture I found out that the Nobel Prize was from Alfred Nobel, the original discovery and benefits humankind. He suggested that we use solar energy as the main resource since it can be replenished and convert it to heat, electricity, and also store it in form of second solar resource. Besides if we can mimic the mechanism of photosynthesis, we might be able to store energy more efficiently. 3.11 Douglas Osheroff Title: How Advances in Science are Made His study is closed to absolute zero, and the discovery of superconductivity. The unit of radio is called Jansky because Carl Jansky was the first person to discover it. He thinks that advances in science should benefits mankind, that is the true meaning of research in science. 3.12 Jim Jr Min Lin Title: Ozone Hole Formation and Photochemistry of ClOOCl
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He thinks that light is life, without light many life will be endangered. During spring, there will be a big hole formed at the North Pole, due to human environment destruction activities such as release too much green house gases especially. He showed us the mechanism of ozone depletion with chlorine especially. Thus, he advised us to use more ozone friendly substance that can form water molecules eventually, not the long-life particle like Br and Cl. 3.13 Young Kee Kim Title: Understanding the Origin of Mass She continued what she started in the lecture about the mass and energy. As we learnt in school we were told that in the state of vacuum, nothing existed. But actually there are mass that exist which is Higgs Boson but it cannot be proofed physically yet. She also told us more about quarks, leptons and neutrino. 3.14 Makoto Kobayashi Title: From My experiences He told us the story about his experiences where he was motivated by his teacher, Professor Sakata to start do what he done today. I can tell that he respected him very much from the way he talked about Prof. Sakata. 3.15 Shigang He Title: AAV Mediated Gene Theraphy Rescues Retinal Ganglion and Visual Function after Acute Elevation of Intraocular Pressure He explained about the experiments he had done on mouse and monkey for the retinal ganglion cell problem which emulate the action of virus. This can help human from losing more ganglion cells but further experiments should be held in order to ensure the mechanism is safe on human being. His priceless advice is that answer from nature is mysterious and indirect, need to be interpreted carefully. 3.16 Seong Keun Kim Title: How to be a Good Scientist My camp which is Camp F should be delivered by Zhores Alfrov but due to some unavoidable problem, he cannot deliver the lecture. Thus, we were organized to join others
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lecture. In this lecture, Prof. Kim gave us some guidance on how to become a good scientist. He said that predictability is science, we should learn from empirical knowledge, science is learning new language. Another advice is that a scientist should seeing like a poet, writing a novel, ask question till understand, think like Devils Advocate, and play in your own way (creative). 4.0 Personal opinions 4.1 Korean Advance Institute of Science and Technology Since its establishment in 1971, KAIST has been increasingly recognized for its excellence in education and research throughout the world. Current green growth project such as the Online Electric Vehicle and Mobile Harbour are part of its endeavours tp provide unique solutions to challenging problems of the 21st century. KAIST will continue to be stimulating place to study, work and pursue ones aspirations and dreams. KAIST have been investing in ideas and devoting unparallel resources to make critical contribution toward solving problems of the 21st century. In selecting undergraduate students, we look for those who can become leaders in ploughing new paths for the solution of these problems. Studying at KAIST may be a challenge because their courses are aimed at producing graduates of the highest quality and need rise to that challenge. KAIST is the 1st ranking university in Korea, 7th ranking in Asia and also 69th overall ranking by 2009 World University Rankings by THE/QS. It has the best facilities and technology for research and to student who want pursue studying in Korea, KAIST have it all. My first personal impression is that KAIST is very green. The landscape is very beautiful with trees and flowers yet very sophisticated with modern buildings. The dormitory where we stayed for a week was very comfort with sufficient supplies. It has many buildings that we are able to explore only some of them where most of the activities taken place such as Terman Hall, Creative Learning Building, Auditorium, Faculty Hall and KAIST Institute Building. The electronics devices are up to date and seem very well functioning. The people we met all the way also very friendly and able to speak well English. We can see people from all over the world, and not only Korean people, this institute sure is a well-known place to pursue any research and study.

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Some views of KAIST

4.2 Asian Science Camp 2011 The idea of the Asian Science Camp (ASC) was co-proposed in September 2005 after the 55th Annual meeting of Nobel Laureates and Student in Lindau, Germany, by Professor Yuan Tseh Lee ( 1986 Nobel Laureates in Chemistry ) from Chinese Taipei, and Professor Masatoshi Koshiba ( 2002 Nobel Laureates in Physics ) from Japan. The proposal expressed the aim at enlightening science talented youths through discussion and dialogues with top scholars in the world, and to promote international friendship and cooperation among the best young students of the next generation in the Asian region.

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The 2011 Asian Science Camp did not only further encourage our interest in the exploration and application of pure science knowledge, but it also inspired us to be the pioneers who will pave the way for Asia to emerge as a stronghold of scientific knowledge and discovery. Regardless of our nationality, and despite having different cultural, religious and national backgrounds, we share an important common ground: our passion for science. From the process of making a poster to simple conversation at dinner, we were able to interact and learn from each other. Our distinct cultures and languages emphasized our feeling of belonging to Malaysia. We are able to feel proud to be Malaysians, and at the same time appreciate the diversity of other languages, cultures and nationalities. In my point of view, this camp offered intriguing experience one can ever feel. The organization was well organized and we only encounter small problem with the Ramadhan and foods only. All the participants are able to get to know each other from different countries where they were mixed up in the Camp session. The lectures are full of information never heard before even in lectures. It is really advanced researches that we the participants being exposed to. Even there are some of the lectures that needed more additional readings by ourselves, it exposed the participants about advances research that they can be involved in. This camp also must be very inspiring for those who are interested in doing research. There are also plenty of useful and priceless advices from Nobel Laureates, persons who already encounter many obstacles in order to pursue their researches which are also their dreams actually. These people never aim for the price instead for self-satisfaction. The person that I admire the most in this camp is Masatoshi Koshiba whom is very down to earth yet great scientist. It is really an honoured to meet him and listen to his lectures and opinions in this advance science world. This camp also open the door for many students to get to know each other, people from different country and at the same time get to know the uniqueness of every each country and persons.

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Some views of environment and participants of ASC 2011

Reported by, SITI SAUFU BINTI MAT ISA UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS

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