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Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Economy
Paneling Architectural Freeform Surfaces Michael Eigensatz, Martin Kilian, Alexander Schiftner, Niloy J. Mitra, Helmut Pottmann and Mark Pauly
Motivation
Patterns 2D
Planar patterns generated by Craig Kaplan [2004]
Patterns 3D
Quad parameterization of planar patterns [2009]
Mosaic 2D
Mosaic 3D
Original
Optimized
Rigid Transformation
Mesh of Canonical Triangles
Example
Canonical Triangle
Pi
Cind (i )
C j ,ind
min D( Pi , Cind (i ) )
i
Triangle Similarity
a3 b3 b2
D( A, B )
a1
a2
b1
D( A, B) = Tmin
R R = I ,T , j
| Rb perm ( j ,l ) + T al |2
l =1
Transform B
Triangle Similarity
a3 b3 b2
(b1, b2, b3), (b2, b3, b1), (b3, b1, b2), (b1, b3, b2), (b3, b2, b1), (b2, b1, b3)
D( A, B )
a1
a2
b1
D(A,B) = Tmin
R R =I ,T , j
| Rb
l =1
+ T al |2 perm( j,l )
Canonical Triangle
(x3,y3,0)
Cind (i )
(0,0,0)
(x2,0,0)
Nonlinear Minimization
C j ,ind
min D( Pi , Cind (i ) )
i
Canonical Triangle
Pi
Cind (i )
R R = I ,T , j
min T
| RC
l =1
+ T Pl |2 perm ( j ,l )
Rigid Transformation
Clustering
Polygon Assignment Canonical Polygons Nonlinear Optimization Generate Clusters
Clustering
1
Error
C j ,ind
min D( Pi , Cind (i ) )
i
5 10 Number of Clusters 20
Clustering
R R = I ,T , j
min T
| RC perm ( j ,l ) + T Pl |2
l =1
Clustering
10
20
Disconnected Triangles
Global Optimization
Poisson Optimization
Re-Cluster
Global Optimization
min ( E g + Ec + Eb )
P
Gradient
min T
| RC perm ( j ,l ) + T Pl |2
l =1
1 - Cluster
2 - Clusters
3 - Clusters
4 - Clusters
5 - Clusters
6 - Clusters
10
20
10
20
Example
Roof
1.722%
Torus Knot
2.014%
Venus
6.017%
Bunny
2.436%
4-point roof
0.313%
5-point roof
0.781%
Comparison
K-set Tilable Surfaces Ours
Non planar Quadrilaterals 8 permutations for best rigid transformation Mean S-quad, compute once Global non-linear optimization Begin with large # of clusters & merge
Planar Triangle 6 permutations for best rigid transformation Non linear search for canonical, iterative Global linear optimization Begin with small # of clusters & add more
Future Work
Detect outliers in clusters n-gons
Planarity
Modify topology
Symmetry?
Maintain streamlines
Non-existent?
Use small # of molds, with associated cost Create non-congruent panels from the mold Emphasis upon streamlines Minimize divergence and kink angle
Clustering
50% rotation
100% rotation
Comparative Analysis
Paneling Architectural Freeform Surfaces Use of small # of molds Each mold has an associated cost Emphasis upon streamlines Divergence and Kink angle K-set Tilable Surfaces Triangle Surfaces with Discrete Equivalence Classes Planar Triangles 6 permutations for rigid transformation Global linear optimization Begin with 1 cluster, add more Non linear search for canonical triangles, updated for each iteration
Non-planar quads 8 permutations for rigid transformation Global non-linear optimization Start with large # of clusters and merge Mean S-quad, computed once