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HSP/304 Varieties of Spanish Andalusia and the Canaries 1

Andalusia and the Canaries

1 Andalusian 1.1 The concept of Andalusian 1.2 Phonetic features 1.2.1 Seseo and ceceo Absence of opposition between // and /s/: SESEO or CECEO, the different results of the historical DEVOICING of the medieval sibilants:
Old Castilian: Standard Spanish: Andalusian ceceo: Andalusian and Latin American seseo: /ts/ /dz/ /s/ /z/ // //

// //

/s/

/x/ /x/

/s/

/x/

Seseo and ceceo in Andalusia

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1.2.2 Preservation of the /h/ phoneme deriving from Latin initial /f/, e.g. [haina] harina, [hala] hablar:

1.2.3 Different articulations of /s/ in seseante areas, coronal and predorsal:

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1.2.4 Weakening of syllable-final /s/ Phonetic consequences of the aspiration of syllable-final /s/: Lowering (opening) not only of the immediately preceding vowel, but also of other vowels in the same word Buenos das! [bwn ia] Assimilation of a following consonant: las botas [la ota] buenos das! [bwen ia] los garbanzos [lo xaan], [lo aan], [l haan], los/las mimbres [lh imb]. [la fimbe] Production of a geminate fricative consonant: las botas [laota], [bwen iah], [lo aan], [laimbe]. 1.2.5 Weakening of /x/ to [h]

1.2.6 Weakening of intervocalic consonants [peir] pedir [xuar] jugar [toijo] tobillo [kje] quiere

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1.2.7 Neutralisation of // and /j/ (yesmo) The problem of the phonetic continuum. Stages distinguished by ALEA are

1.2.8 Neutralisation of syllable-final // and /l/ 1.2.9 Syllable-final /n/ nasalises the preceding vowel and is then virtually lost: fueron [fwe()] 1.3 Phonemic consequences of Andalusian phonetic changes 1.3.1 Vowel quality becomes phonemic (the eastern situation) Standard Spanish /s/-dropping varieties bueno [bweno] vs. buenos [bwenos] bueno [bweno] vs. buenos [bwn] come [kome] vs. comes [komes] come [kome] vs. comes [km] Vowel quality in eastern Andalusia (idealised) front high (close) /i/ /e/ // low (open) /a/ // // /o/ central back /u/

The eastern Andalusian vowel system

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1.3.2 Oral/nasal vocalic contrast coga [kohia] vs. cogan [kohi] 1.3.3 New voice/voiceless contrast (the western situation) la bota las botas 1.3.4 Homonymy abrir/abril [ail]. 1.4 Morphological and syntactic features 1.4.1 Plurals Vowel opening Greater morphological complexity: signalling of plurality in nouns and adjectives is carried out through vocalic distinctions rather than by the addition of // or // pared /pae/, paredes /pa()/ papel /pape/ vs. papeles /papl/ [la ota] [la ota]

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1.4.2 Verb system Impact of the fall of final / on the verb system: /s/ come [kome] / comes [km] comen [kom] (Mondjar 1970:66): : In western Andalusia no distinction of formality in the second person plural and consequent reduction in the number of inflectional verb forms: (yo) [aa] (nosotros) [aam] (t) [aa] no vosotros form (l, usted, etc.) [aa] (ellos, ustedes, etc.) [aa] Cabezas de San Juan (Mondjar 1970:65)

Use of vosotros and ustedes in Andalusia 1.4.3 Personal pronouns Case-based third person pronoun system ( based (losmo) Variant forms of 1st and 2nd persons plural 1 p.pl. 2 p.pl. 1.4.4 Gender puente, azcar and almbar feminine in Andalusia nos, mos, mus, lo los se, sos, sus

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1.4.5 Verbs entregar is widely treated as a radical-changing verb, with forms such as entriego and entriega) vido is general in eastern Andalusia as the 3rd person singular preterite of ver Use of the subjunctive form haiga corresponding to standard haya

2 The Spanish of the Canary Islands 2.1 Features shared with Seville and southwestern Andalusia Seseo Aspiration of syllable-final /s/ Weakening of /x/ to [h], Neutralisation of syllable-final // and /l/

2.2 Conservative features Maintenance of distinction between // and /j/ Maintenance of /h/ deriving from Latin initial /f/ 2.3 Innovatory features Syllable-final // realised as [h] before /n/ and /l/ carne [kahne] darle [dahle] Lenition, of /p/, /t/, /k/ and /t/ in intervocalic position tpico frutero msica flecha [tibigo] [fudeo] [musiga] [fleda] una pluma una tienda la cama una chica [una bluma] [una djenda] [la gama] [una diga]

Consequent creation of potentially phonemic oppositions between /b/ and //, /d/ and // and /g/ and // ropa /roba/ vs. roba /roa/ nata /nada/ vs. nada /naa/ placa /plaga/ vs. plaga /plaa/ Consequence of fall of syllable-final /s/: su bao [su ao] vs. sus baos [su bao].

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Further reading Alvar, Manuel, A. Llorente & G. Salvador, 1961-73. Atlas lingstico y etnogrfico de Andaluca, 6 vols (Granada: Universidad de Granada / CSIC). Alvar, Manuel, 1975-8. Atlas lingistico y etnografico de las Islas Canarias (3 vols) (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Excmo. Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria). lvarez Curiel, Francisco, 1991. Vocabulario popular andaluz (Mlaga: Arguval). Atlas lingstico de la Pennsula Ibrica, 1962. Vol. I, Fontica, 1 (Madrid: CSIC). Fontanella de Weinberg, Mara Beatriz , 1976. La lengua espaola fuera de Espaa : Amrica, Canarias, Filipinas, judeoespaol (Buenos Aires: Paidos). Mondjar, Jos, 1970. El verbo andaluz: formas y estructuras (Madrid: CSIC). Oftedal, Magne, 1985. Lenition in Celtic and in Insular Spanish (Oslo/Bergen/Stavanger/Troms: Universitatsforlaget). Penny, Ralph, 1986. Sandhi Phenomena in Castilian and Related Dialects, in Henning Andersen (ed), Sandhi Phenomena in the Languages of Europe (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter), pp.489-503.

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