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The Outline
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 State-of-the-art The advantages of Digital Filter The disadvantages of Digital Filter Types of Digital Filter How to choose the two types ? Example of IIR Filter Example of FIR Filter The three filter ( contd )
The Outline
6.9 6.9.1 6.9.2 6.9.3 6.9.4 6.9.5 6.10 Filter Design Steps Step 1 : Specification of the filter requirements Step 2 : Calculation of the filter coefficients Step 3 : Representation filter by suitable structure Step 4 : Analysis of Finite Wordlength effects Step 5 : Implementation of the filter Review
6.1
6.1
6.1
Block Diagram of a-real time digital filter with analog input and output signals
Input filter
Digital processor
B-bit DAC
Output filter
x(n)
Figure 6.1
y(n)
6.2
6.3
6.4
y ( n) = h( k ) x ( n k )
k =0
y ( n) = h( k ) x ( n k )
6.5
WHY ?
Choose F I R when the the number of filter Coefficients is not too large and when no phase distortion is desired
6.6
b0 + b1 z 1 + b2 z 2 H ( z) = 1 a1 z 1 a2 z 2
For drawing its block diagram, we have to make the corresponding difference equations :
6.6
6.7
H ( z ) = h(k ) z 1
k =0
11
For drawing its block diagram, we have to make the corresponding difference equations :
y ( n) = h( k ) x ( n k )
k =0
11
6.7
6.7
Discuss the difference Number of multiplications Number of additions Storage locations (coefficients and data )
Session 6 : Digital Filter Design
IIR 5 4 8
FIR 12 11 24
6.8
HIGH PASS filter : reject the low frequency BAND PASS filter : reject any frequency and pass any frequency
Session 6 : Digital Filter Design
6.9
6.9.1
p s fp fs As Ap
passband deviation stopband deviation passband edge frequency stopband edge frequency stopband attenuation = - 20.log10 s passband ripple = - 20.log10 (1+p)
6.9.1
6.9.1
6.9.1
Figure 6.5
6.9.2
6.9.3
6.9.4
6.9.5
6.10
Preparation to Review
END of THIS SESSION ARE YOU READY TO REVIEW ?
Before the review, you have to consider yourself. If you feel you dont understand yet.. Please ask.
Session 6 : Digital Filter Design
6.10
Review
1. Explain about Band-stop filter. 2. Try to explore about disadvantages of digital filter. And why it becomes like that ? 3. Compare the advantages and disadvantages between digital filter and analog filter. 4. Please explain about the relationship between Discrete Transformation and Filter Design.