COAL FACTS 2009 Edition with 2008 data

Total Global Hard Coal Production 5845Mt (2008e) 5442Mt (2007) 3489Mt (1990) Total Global Brown Coal/Lignite Production 951Mt (2008e) 956Mt (2007) Brown coal production decreased by 0.4% in 2008. Germany remains the worlds largest brown coal producer, despite production decreasing by around 2.8% in 2008. Brown coal production increased in India, Indonesia and Turkey. Reserves Coal reserves are available in almost every country worldwide, with recoverable reserves in around 70 countries. At current production levels, proven coal reserves are estimated to last 122 years. In contrast, proven oil and gas reserves are equivalent to around 42 and 60 years at current production levels respectively. Over 67% of oil and 66% of gas reserves are concentrated in the Middle East and Russia. Top Ten Hard Coal Producers (2008e) PR China USA India Australia Russia 2761Mt 1007Mt 490Mt 325Mt 247Mt Indonesia South Africa Kazakhstan Poland Colombia 246Mt 236Mt 104Mt 84Mt 79Mt

Global Hard Coal Consumption 1990 World 3461Mt

2007 5415Mt

2008e 5814Mt

Selected Regional Aggregate Estimates OECD Europe 14% OECD North America 22% OECD Pacific 6% PR China 30%

7% 19% 7% 45%

7% 18% 6% 46%

Coal in Electricity Generation Coal is the major fuel used for generating electricity worldwide - countries heavily dependent on coal for electricity include (2007): 94% Israel 71% 57% South Africa Morocco 93% Kazakhstan 70% 55% Poland Greece 81% India 68% 49% PR China USA 76% Czech Rep 62% 49% Australia Germany

Coal & Steel Approximately 13% (around 717Mt) of total hard coal production is currently used by the steel industry and almost 70% of total global steel production is dependent on coal. International Hard Coal Trade (Source: IEA - www.iea.org) Steam Coking 299Mt 199Mt 1990 421Mt 187Mt 2000 676Mt 262Mt 2008 Development of Seaborne Trade (Source: SSY - www.ssyonline.com) Steam Coal Coking Coal Atlantic Pacific Atlantic Pacific 1986 74Mt 59Mt 61Mt 81Mt 1996 125Mt 139Mt 70Mt 103Mt 2006 240Mt 330Mt 72Mt 129Mt Since 1986, seaborne steam coal trade has increased on average by about 7.5% p.a and seaborne coking coal trade by 1.8% p.a.

Total Trade 498Mt 608Mt 938Mt

World Coal Institute, 5th Floor Heddon House, 149-151 Regent Street, London, W1B 4JD t: +44 (0) 20 7851 0052 f: +44 (0) 20 7851 0061 e: info@worldcoal.org www.worldcoal.org

Top Coal Exporters (2008e) Australia Indonesia Russia Colombia USA South Africa PR China Top Coal Importers (2008e) Japan Korea Chinese Taipei India Germany PR China UK Total of which 186Mt 100Mt 66Mt 60Mt 46Mt 46Mt 44Mt Steam 128Mt 76Mt 60Mt 31Mt 37Mt 35Mt 37Mt Coking 58Mt 24Mt 6Mt 29Mt 9Mt 11Mt 7Mt Total of which 252Mt 203Mt 101Mt 74Mt 74Mt 62Mt 47Mt Steam 115Mt 173Mt 86Mt 74Mt 35Mt 61Mt 43Mt Coking 137Mt 30Mt 15Mt 39Mt 1Mt 4Mt

Sources: BP, IEA, World Steel Association, SSY, (e = estimated) For more information about coal, visit the World Coal Institute website www.worldcoal.org WORLD COAL INSTITUTE info@worldcoal.org www.worldcoal.org October 2009

World Coal Institute, 5th Floor Heddon House, 149-151 Regent Street, London, W1B 4JD t: +44 (0) 20 7851 0052 f: +44 (0) 20 7851 0061 e: info@worldcoal.org www.worldcoal.org