Teaching & Evaluation Scheme

B.Tech. (Electronics & Communication)

Weekly contact Lect Courses Credits 26 23 24 24 24 24 24 20

Sem.

Course (Number, abbreviated title, L-T-P, credits)

PH101 Applied Physics (3-1-0) 4 EE101 Basic Electrical Engineering (3-1-0)4 ME102 Mechanical Engineering (3-1-0) 4 CI101 Computer Fundamentals and Programming using C (3-1-0) 4 EC102 Basic Electronics (3-1-0) 4 MA103 Applied Mathematics I (3-1-0) 4 ES101 Environmental Studies (3-1-0) 4 MA104 Applied Mathematics II (3-1-0) 4 MA205 Advanced Mathematics (3-1-0) 4 BS101 Principles of Management and Entrepreneurship (3-1-0) 4 EC152 Basic Electronics Lab (0-0-2) 1 CI151 Computer Programming & Internet Lab (0-0-2) 1 ME152 2D Graphics Lab (0-0-2) 1 PH151 Applied Physics Lab (0-0-2) 1 HU152 English Language Lab (0-0-2) 1 EC255 Network Lab (0-0-2) 1 EC257 Measurement Lab (0-0-2) 1

06

18

06

04

28

II

CY102 Applied Chemistry (3-1-0) 4 EC201 Electronics Devices & Circuits (3-1-0) 4 EC202 Signals & systems (3-1-0) 4

HU102 Professional Communication (3-1-0) 4 EC207 Electronics Measurements & Instrumentation (3-1-0) 4 EC208 Control System Engineering (3-1-0) 4

05

15

05

06

26

III

EC203 Digital Circuits & Logic Design (3-1-0) 4

EC205 Network Analysis & Synthesis (3-1-0) 4

EC251 Electronics Lab-I (0-0-2) 1

EC253 Digital Electronics Lab (0-0-2) 1

05

15

05

08

28

IV

EC204 Electromagnetic Field Theory (3-1-0) 4

EC206 Analog Communication System (3-1-0) 4 EC305 Digital Communication Systems (3-1-0) 4 EC-306 VLSI Technology & Design (3-1-0) 4

CS212 Object Oriented Programming (3-1-0) 4

EC252 Electronics Lab-II (0-0-2) 1

CS254 Communication Lab I (0-0-2) 1

CS256 Computer Programming Lab (0-0-2)1

EC258 Control System Lab (0-0-2) 1

05

15

05

08

28

EC301 Analog and Digital Integrated Circuits (3-1-0) 4 EC-302 Advance Digital Communication (3-1-0) 4

EC303 Antenna and Wave Propagation (3-1-0) 4

EC307 Microprocessors & its Applications (3-1-0) 4

BS5FC-208 Operational and Financial Management (3-1-0) 4 EC-310 Digital Signal Processing (3-1-0) 4

EC351 Communication Lab-II (0-0-2) 1

EC353 Analog Integrated Circuit Lab (0-0-2) 1 EC-354 VLSI Lab (0-0-2) 1

EC355 Digital Integrated Circuit Lab (0-0-2) 1 EC-356 DSP Lab (0-0-2) 1

EC357 Microprocessor Lab (0-0-2) 1

05

15

05

08

28

VI

EC-304 Microwave Engineering (3-1-0) 4

EC-308 Microcontrollers & Embedded Systems (3-1-0) 4

EC-352 Microwave Engineering Lab (0-0-2) 1

EC-358 Communication Lab III (0-0-2) 1

05

15

05

08

VII

EC-401 Wireless Communication (3-1-0) 4

EC-403 Optical Fiber Communication (3-1-0) 4

EC-405 Telecommunication System (3-1-0) 4

CS-211 Data Communication Networks (3-1-0) 4

Elective (3-1-0) 4

EC-471 Project 4

05

15

05

04

VIII

EC-462 Industrial Training 15

EC-482 Seminar 5

Total Credits: 189

Note: Evaluation scheme as described in Ordinance for B.Tech. programmes.

B.Tech. (Electronics & Communication)

Programme Core (PC) PH101 EE101 CI101 MA103 ES101 BS101 CI151 PH151 CY102 ME102 EC102 HU102 MA104 EC152 ME152 HU152 EC-201 EC-203 EC-205 EC-207 MA-205 EC-251 EC-253 EC-255 EC-257 EC-202 EC-204 EC-206 EC-208 CS-212 EC-252 EC-254 CS-256 EC-258 EC-301 EC-303 EC-305 EC-307 BS5FC-208 EC-351 EC-353 EC-355 EC-357 EC-302 EC-304 EC-306 EC-308 EC-310 EC-352 EC-354 EC-356 Applied Physics Basic Electrical Engineering Computer Fundamentals and Programming using C Applied Mathematics I Environmental Studies Principle of Management and Entrepreneurship Computer Programming and Internet Lab Applied Physics Lab Applied Chemistry Mechanical Engineering Basic Electronics Professional Communication Applied Mathematics II Basic Electronics Lab 2D Graphics Lab English Language Lab Electronics Devices & Circuits Digital Circuits & Logic Design Network Analysis & Synthesis Electronics Measurements & Instrumentation Advanced Mathematics Electronics Lab-I Digital Electronics Lab Network Lab Measurement Lab Signals & systems Electromagnetic Field Theory Analog communication System Control System Engineering Object Oriented Programming Electronics Lab-II Communication Lab I Computer Programming Lab Control System Lab Analog and Digital Integrated Circuits Antenna & Wave Propagation Digital Communication System Microprocessors & its Applications Operational and Financial Management Communication Lab-II Analog Integrated Circuit Lab Digital Integrated Circuit Lab Microprocessor Lab Advance Digital Communication Microwave Engineering VLSI Technology & Design Microcontrollers & Embedded Systems Digital Signal Processing Microwave Engineering Lab VLSI Lab DSP Lab 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-2 0-0-2 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-2 0-0-2 0-0-2 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1

EC-358 EC-401 EC-403 EC-405 CS-211 EC-471 EC-462 EC-482

Communication Lab III Wireless Communication Optical Fiber Communication Telecommunication System Data Communication Networks Elective Project Industrial Training Seminar

0-0-2 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-8

1 4 4 4 4 4 4 15 5

Programme Elective (PE) EC-421 EC-423 EC-425 EC-427 Radar & Radio Navigational Aids Digital System Design using VHDL Digital Image Processing Satellite Communication 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 4 4 4 4

BASIC ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EC-101/ 102 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit1. Semiconductor and PN junction

(10)

Review of Atomic structure of Materials. Study of Conductors, Insulators & Semiconductors according to Energy band Theory. Intrinsic and extrinsic Semiconductors, Mass action law, Charge density and conductivity of semiconductor, Drift current and mobility, Hall effect, concept of forbidden energy gap and Fermi level. P-N Junction --Operation, biasing, V-I characteristics, temperature dependence, Zener and Avalanche break down Mechanism, Diode resistance & capacitance, D.C. load line. Unit2. Application of PN junction Diode (9)

Rectifiers - (Operation, Ratings, Voltage regulation, PIV, TUF, Efficiency, Ripple factor), Filters- (L & C type Filters, calculation of ripple factor) . Series Clipping and Clamping circuits. A brief review on parallel clipping and clamping circuits. Zener diode as a shunt regulator with varying I/P voltage or Load. Unit3. Bipolar Junction Transistor (8)

Basic construction, transistor action, CB, CE and CC configuration, input /output characteristics .current gain in different configurations, Thermal runaway. Biasing of transistor- (fixed, emitter and Voltage Divider biasing), comparison of biasing circuits. Transistor amplifier: Graphical analysis of CE amplifier, concept of voltage gain, current gain. Unit 4 FET & MOSFET (5)

JFET- Basic construction, Transistor action, Concept of pitch off, Maximum drain saturation current, Output and transfer characteristic. Biasing (fixed, self & voltage divider), FET parameters. MOSFET- Depletion and enhancement type MOSFET construction, Operation and characteristics. Unit5. Op-Amps & Basic switching circuits (8)

Number system, conversion on bases, Boolean algebra. Logic gates, concept of universal gates, canonical forms. Minimization using K-map. Concept of op-amp, CMRR, virtual ground concept, Need for negative feed back, Offset voltage & current, Slew rate, Ideal op-amp parameters. Inverting & non inverting Op-amps as adder, subtractor, differentiator & integrators. Text Books: 1. Boylstead & Nashelsky/Electronic Device and Circuit. 2. David A. Bell/ Electronic Devices & circuits 3. Morris Mano / Digital computer Design / PHI 2003 4. J.B. Gupta/Electronic circuits & devices

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS EC-201 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit-I: Bipolar Junction Transistors (10)

Transistor amplifier, small signal Equivalent circuits (Hybrid-pi, Ebers moll), Graphical Analysis, biasing the BJT for discrete-circuit design, Basic Single Stage BJT amplifier configurations. Transistor as a switch cut off & saturation), complete static characteristics, Internal capacitances and second order effects. Emitter Follower. Unit-II : MOSFETS (9)

Enhancement and depletion types MOSFET, Drain & Transfer characteristics, MOSFET circuits at DC, MOSFET as an amplifier, biasing in MOS amplifier circuits, Basic configurations of single stage MOS amplifier, Internal capacitances of MOSFETS. Source follower. Unit-III : Frequency Response (9)

Low and high frequency response of common source and common emitter amplifiers, common base & common gate cascade configurations, Frequency response of source followers, Cascade & Cascode amplifier, Darlington connection. Unit-IV : Feed Back & Oscillators: (8)

Properties of negative feed back, four basic feed back topologies (series shunt; series-series; shunt-shunt; & shuntseries ) determination of Loop gain, Basic principles of sinusoidal oscillator Different oscillator circuits (RC phase shift , Weinbridge, Collptts, Hartley, Clap. And Crystal Oscillators.) Unit-V : Special Purpose Diodes (8)

LED, Varactor, Photodiode, Schotkey barrier, tunnel diodes ,Gun diode (constructions and characterstics),Basic principle of LASER action. Text book: 1. A.S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, Microelectronic circuits, Oxford University Press (India). 2. Boylestad & Nashelsky Electronic Device and Circuit.

Reference Books 1. Millman, J. and Grabel, A./Microelectronics/McGraw Hill. 2. Bell, David A/ Electronic Devices & Circuits/Prentice Hall (India)4th Edition.

DIGITAL CIRCUITS AND LOGIC DESIGN

EC-203

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit-I : Introduction - Types of Digital circuits and its characteristics, Number system: Direct

(6)

conversion between bases, Negative numbers & BCD and their arithmetics, Boolean algebra, Logic gates. -Minimization of Boolean Functions: K-Map & Tabular method up to 6 variables. -Error detecting & correcting codes, hamming & cyclic codes. Unit-II: Combinational Logic Circuits (6)

Design Procedure, Adders, Subtractors, Code conversion, Multiplexers/Demultiplexers, encoder / decoders, decimal adders & amplitude comparators. Decoder and driver circuits for 7-segment LED displays, D/A converter and 4-bit ALU realization. Unit-III: Sequential Logic Circuits -Flip Flops and their conversions, excitation table, state table & state diagram. -Shift registers and their applications. Design of synchronous and asynchronous counters. -ASM chart, Analysis Procedure of synchronous & Asynchronous sequential circuits, Reduction of state & flow table, Race Free State assignment. Unit-IV ASM charts: Representation of sequential circuits using ASM charts, synthesis of output and next (8) (10)

state functions, Data path control path partition-based design. ASM chart based synthesis such as, Traffic light controller, Blackjack dealer and dice game ASM synthesis, etc. Unit-V : Hazard &Fault Detection Types of hazards, Gate delay, Generation of spikes, Determination of hazard in combinational circuits and sequential circuits. Fault detection methods: Fault Table & Path sensitizing methods. (8)

Text Books : 1. Digital Design by M Moris Mano, 2nd Edn.PHI 2. Introduction to Digital Microelectronic Circuits, by Gopalan, TMH Reference Books : 1. Switching Circuit & Logic Design by Hill & Peterson, Wiley 2. Digital Circuit & Logic Design, by Holsworth.

NETWORK ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS

EC-205

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Graph Theory:

(7)

Graph of a Network, Definitions: Tree, co-tree, link, basic loop &basic cut set, Incidence matrix, Cut set matrix, Tie-set matrix, Duality, Loop & Node methods of analysis (using branch matrix) Network Theorems (Application to AC Networks): Superposition Theorem, Thevenins Theorem, Nortons Theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem, Millmans Theorem, Reciprocity Theorem, Tellegen Theorem, Compensation Theorem. Laplace Transform: Definition and Properties of Laplace Transform, Step function, Impulse function, Inverse Transform, Initial and Final value theorems, Tuned Circuits. Applications of Laplace Transform Network Functions: Concept of complex frequency, Network functions of one port & two port network, Concept of poles & zeros, Properties of driving point & transfer functions, Time response from pole-zero plot, Stability from pole-zero plot(routh criteria) Two Port Network: (6) (6) (5) (8)

Characterization of LTI two port networks: - Z-Parameters, Y-Parameters, hybrid-Parameters, transmissionParameter, Inter-relationships between the parameters, Inter-connections of two port networks

Network Synthesis:

(6)

Hurwitz Polynomials, Positive Real Functions, Definition & properties of LC, RC, RL, Driving point immittance function using Foster & Cauer form of LC, RC, and RL Networks. An Introduction to PSpice: Text Book: Networks & systems/ D. Roy Choudhary/ New age publishers. /2003 edition Circuits & Networks / A Sudhakar Shyammohan S. Pali / Tata McGraw-Hill publication /3rd edition (2)

Reference Book: Network Analysis & Synthesis/A. chakravorty / khanna publishers/2005edition

ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

EC-207

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT-1: INTRODUCTION TO MEASUREMENT

(8)

Measurement & Instrumentation, classification of instruments, measurement methods, Performance characteristics: Static and dynamic characteristics of instruments, Error analysis: Sources, types of errors. UNIT-2: TRANSDUCER Introduction, classification and selection of transducer. Passive Transducers: Resistive transducer (Strain gauges, Thermocouples, Thermistors, RTD, Radiation and optical pyrometry) Inductive transducer (Introduction, LVDT) and an introduction to Capacitive Transducer Active Transducer: Piezoelectric and photoelectric (photo emissive cells, photoconductive cell, photovoltaic) (10)

UNIT-3: BRIDGE MEASUREMENTS

(8)

Introduction, types of bridges, DC bridge (Wheatstone, Kelvins Double bridge), AC bridge (Maxwells, Hays, Scherings, Andersons, Owns, ), Detector types with application area, precautions for bridge. UNIT-4: DATA CONVERTERS Introduction, Digital to Analog converters, Digital to Analog conversion techniques: weighted resistor D/A converter, R-2R ladder D/A converter, inverted R-2R ladder D/A converter. Analog to Digital converters, A/D conversion techniques: Simple Potentiometric and Servo method, Ramp A/D converter, Successive Approximation A/D converter, Dual Slope A/D converter, Integrating Type A/D converter. Digital Indicating System: digital frequency meter, Period measurement, Universal counter, Specifications of digital meters (display digits and counts, resolution, sensitivity, accuracy, speed and settling time, form factor etc) UNIT-5: CATHODE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE Introduction, block diagram of a CRO, basic principle of Oscilloscope, the vertical deflection system, horizontal deflection system, working method of deflection system ( electrostatic deflection system, electromagnetic deflection system), the cathode ray tube, types of CRO( dual trace, dual beam, storage, sampling CROs), application of CRO( measurement of voltage, current, time, frequency, phase) CRO PROBES: types of probes (voltage, current trace, logic and other probes) (9) (12)

Text Books: 1 Electronic Instruments & instrumentation technology by MMS Anand , PHI Pvt Ltd. 2. Electronic instrumentation By H.S. Kalsi TMH

ADVANCED MATHEMATICS

MA-205

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit1.

(10)

Probability and statistics sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis. Unit2. (10)

Complex variables Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem and integral formula, Taylors and Laurents Series, Residue theorem, solution integrals, conformal mapping and bilinear transformation Unit3. (8)

Laplas transform: derivatives and integrals, inverse laplas transform, unit step function, dirac delta function, laplas transform of periodic function, convolution theorem. Unit4 (8)

Curve fitting and solution of equation: methods of least square and curve fitting of strate line and parabola, solution of cubic and biquadratic equations. Text book: 1. Advanced Engineering by H .K. Das 2. Relevant Schaums series

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS EC-202 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit1. Introduction to Signals and Systems 8

Continuous-time and discrete-time Signals and their classification, Transformations of the Independent Variable, Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time LTI Systems, classification and properties of Continuous-Time and DiscreteTime LTI Systems.

Unit2. Fourier Series and Fourier Transformer

10

Trigonometric and Exponential form of Fourier Series and their relationship, Continuous time and discrete time Fourier Transforms and their properties, Representation of Periodic Signals in frequency domain.

Unit3. Laplace Transform and Sampling

10

Laplace Transform, Properties of Laplace Transform, Region of convergence, inverse Laplace Transform, Analysis and characterization of LTI System, Block diagram representation, Unilateral Laplace Transform. Properties of Unilateral Laplace Transform.

Sampling theorem for base band and pass band signals, Signal representation by samples, Impulse train sampling, Natural sampling and flat top sampling, Reconstruction of signals from sampled version, discrete time processing of continuous time signals.

Unit4. Application of Fourier Analysis

Magnitude & Phase Representation of continuous time Fourier Transform and discrete time Fourier Transform, Time domain Properties of Ideal Frequency Selective filter, Time Domain and Frequency Domain aspects of Non ideal filters, First Order and Second Order Continuous Time and Discrete time Systems. Convolution sum and convolution integrals, LTI System described by differential and difference equation. Unit5. Z-Transform 6

Z-Transform, Properties of Z-Transform, Region of convergence, Inverse Z-transform, analysis and characterization of LTI system, Block diagram representation, Unilateral Z-transform.

Text Book 1. V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S. Hamid Nawab, signals & Systems, PEARSON Education, Third Edition. Reference Book 1. Schaum Outlines Signals & Systems By H P HSU, TATA McGraw Hills.

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY

EC-204

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit-I

(8)

Review of Vector analysis, Rectangular, Cylindrical and Spherical coordinates and their transformation. Divergence, gradient and curl in different coordinate systems. Electric field intensity, Electric Flux density, Energy and potential. Unit-II Current and conductors, Dielectrics and capacitance, Poissons and Laplaces equation. Unit-III (8) (9)

Steady magnetic field, magnetic forces, materials and inductance, Time varying field and Maxwells equation. Unit-IV (8)

Uniform plane waves: wave propagation in free space, dielectrics, and conductors. Poynting Vector, Plane wave reflection and dispersion. Unit-5 (10)

Transmission lines: Line equations, line parameters and line examples. Waveguide: Basic waveguide operation, Rectangular and Dielectric waveguides. Text Book William H.Hayt, John A.Buck, Engineering Electromagnetics, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi Sixth edition. Reference Books 1. Jordan E.C. and Balmain K.G. Electromagnetic wave and radiating systems. PHI Second edition. 2. Krans, F Electromagnetics Tata McGraw Hill Fifth edition.

ANALOG COMMUNICATION SYSTEM EC-206 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit1. INTRODUCTION 8

Communication Process, Source of Information, Communication channels, base-band and pass-band signals, representation of signal and systems, modulation process, primary communication resources, analog versus digital communications.

Unit2. AMPLITUDE MODULATION

Mathematical representation of amplitude modulated wave, Current calculation, Power calculation & efficiency calculation, suppressed carrier systems(SSB, DSB& VSB),their generation & detection, Single tone & multiple tone amplitude modulation, effect of frequency and phase errors in synchronous detection, comparison of various AM systems, AM Receivers, Frequency division and time division multiplexing.

Unit3. ANGLE MODULATION

Mathematical representation of frequency modulated wave for Narrow and wide band FM, Generation & detection of frequency modulated wave, linear and non-linear modulation, FM Receiver, phase modulation.

Unit4. PULSE MODULATION Pulse amplitude modulation, other forms of pulse modulation, band width required for transmission PAM signals, Comparison of frequency division and time division multiplexed systems Unit5. NOISE PERFORMANCE 8

Different types of noise, noise calculations, equivalent noise band width, noise figures, effective noise temperature, and noise figure in cascaded stages. Noise calculation in Amplitude Modulated, Angle modulated and Pulse Modulated systems.

Text Book: 1. B. P. Lathi, Modern Digital & Analog Communication Systems Third Edition, Oxford University Press Reference Book: 1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley & Sons, 1999, Third Edition. 2. Taub and schilling, Principles of Communication Systems TMH

CONTROL SYSTEM ENGINEERING EC-208 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit 1 (8)

INTRODUCTION: Open loop & Closed loop control system, Basic components of control system, Feedback chracterstics, Transfer function, Block diagram algebra, Signal flow graph, Masons gain formula.

Unit 2

(10)

TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS: Standard test signals, Time domain specifications, Time response of first order and second order system with unit step and unit impulse signal, Static and dynamic error coefficients, P,PI and PID controllers Unit 3 (10)

STABILITY AND FREQUENCY RESPONSE: Concept of stability, Routh Hurwitz criterion,Root locus plot, Correlation between time and frequency response. Polar plot, Nyquist stability criterion, Introduction of M & N circle. Unit 4 (8)

COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES: Bode plot, Lag, Lead and Lag-Lead compensator and their realization using Bode plot. Unit 5 (9)

STATE SPACE ANALYSIS: Introduction and advantages,State space representation, State equation, State models, Solution of state equation,Transfer matrices, Controllability and Observability Text Books: 1. I J Nagrath & M Gopal 2. K Ogata, Modern control Engineering, PHI

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

Code No.: CS212

Cr L-T-P 4 3-1- 0

Object Oriented Approach Java Language Fundamentals- properties, Java Execution Model Language Components Keywords, Identifiers, Variables, Data Types and Operators Classes, Objects and Methods, Constructors , Inheritance, The Super and Final keywords, Polymorphism and Abstraction, Interfaces and Packages - In-Built Interfaces, User-defined Interfaces, Understanding CLASSPATH, Importing Packages. Exception Handling Overview of Exception Handling, Flow of Control of Exception, Throwable Classes,Use of throw and throws clauses, finally keyword, user defined exception.

Multithreading Overview, Main Thread, Creating a thread, Priorities, Synchronization, Deadlocks issues, Suspending, Resuming and Stopping threads. Applet Programming Applet Architecture, Applet Skeleton, the Applet Class, Embedding Applets in HTML Networking basics fundamental of java networking, sockets creating client and server socket, datagram. File handling file class, stream classes, creating a file, copy contents of one file to another. Abstract Window Toolkit AWT classes, Windows Fundamental Components, Working with Frame Windows, dialogs, creating menus. Event Handling - The event Delegation Model, Event Classes, Event Listener, Swings.

Reference Books:

1 The Complete Reference Java2 (TMH) 2 Learning Java -- Rich Raposa WILEY

ANALOG & DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS EC-301 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit-I: (8)

IC OP-AMP applications: OP-AMP Fundamentals (brief review of Differential amplifier, Current mirror, active load, level shifter, output stage, Ac and dc characteristics), Basic building Blocks using OP-AMPS. Inverting/NonInverting VCVS, Integrators, Differentiators, CCVS and VCCS, Instrumentation Amplifiers.

Unit-II

(10)

Waveform Generator & Active Filters: Square wave generators: 555Timer, Crystal controlled Oscillator, Ramp Generator, Triangle generator, Saw tooth generator Sine wave generator, Function Generators, Multi op-amp function Generators, IC function Generators, PLL Fundamentals, PLL Synthesizer.

Active versus passive filters, first order low pass and high pass active Filter, second order low pass and high pass filters, Higher order filters, Band pass filter, single Op-amp band pass filter, multistage band pass filter, Notch filter.

Unit-III

(9)

Non-linear Circuits & Voltage Regulators: Peak Detector, Sample and Hold Circuits. OP-AMP as a Comparator, Schmitt Trigger, Square and Triangular Waveform Generator, Monostable Multivibrator. Introduction to voltage regulator, Type of voltage regulators, OP-AMP Regulators, IC Regulators, Fixed Voltage Regulators (78/79, XX), Switched Mode power supply, comparison between linear regulator and switching regulator.

Unit-IV Logic Families (8)

Diode, BJT & MOS as a switching element Concept of transfer characteristics, Input characteristics and output characteristics of logic gates, Fan-in, Fan-out, Noise margin. Circuit concept and comparison of various logic families: TTL(Totem pole,Tri-state logic, open collector output), IIL, ECL, NMOS, CMOS .Interfacing between logic families, packing density, power consumption & gate delay.

Unit-V Memories & PLDs

(8)

Sequential & Random Access, NMOS & CMOS Static and Dynamic Memory elements, one and multi-dimensional selection arrangement, Read-only memories. Design of PLD,PAL,PLA and FPGA and their applications.

Text Books: 1. Sedra and Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University press, 5th Edition, 2. OP-AMP by Gayakward. 3. Introduction to Digital Microelectronic Circuits, by Gopalan, TMH 4. Digital Circuits and Logic Design, S. Lee, PHI. Reference Book: 1.B.P. Singh and Rekha Singh, Electronic Devices Integrated Circuits; Pearson Education, 1st Edition 2.Digital Circuit & Logic Design, by Holsworth.

ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION

EC-303 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT-1 FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS OF ANTENNAS: (10)

Definition , Function and Properties of Antenna, Radiation Pattern, Radiation Power density, Radiation intensity, Gain, Directivity, Beam width, Bandwidth, Polarization, Antenna efficiency, effective aperture, Antenna Input Impedance. Retarded potential, Radiation Fields of Alternating Current Element, Radiated Power and Radiation Resistance of Current Element, Radiation from Monopole & Half wave dipole, Radiation Characteristics of Dipoles.

UNIT-2 ANTENNA ARRAYS: (5)

Two element Array, Uniform Linear arrays, Broad side and end fire arrays, Multiplication of Patterns. Method of Excitation of Antenna, Antenna temperature and Signal to Noise Ratio, Introduction to planner array.

UNIT-3 HF, VHF, UHFAND MICROWAVE ANTENNAS: (10)

Rhombic Antenna: Design relation and advantages & disadvantages. Loop Antenna: Salient features and EMF Equation of loop antenna.Yagi-UDA Antenna: Salient features & Design parameters. Helical Antennas: Normal and Axial modes. Corner Reflector and Parabolic Reflector Antennas. Horn Antenna: Salient features & applications.

UNIT-4 WAVE PROPAGATION: (10)

Propagation characteristics of EM Wave, Factors involved in the propagation of radio waves, Modes of propagation, Ground wave, Ground wave field strength, Reflection of Radio wave by the surface of earth, wave Tilt of the Ground Wave, Space Wave or Troposphere Wave Propagation, Field strength due to Space Wave, Atmospheric effect in Space Wave Propagation, Duct Propagation, Radio Horizon, Line of Sight (LOS), Ionospheric Wave Propagation, Characteristics of ionosphere, Refractive Index of Ionosphere, Phase and group velocities, Virtual Height, MUF, Critical frequency, Skip distance, Sky wave field strength, Fading and Diversity Technique.

UNIT-5 ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS: (5)

Radiation pattern measurement, Introduction to Phase measurement, Gain measurement, Directivity measurement, Polrization measurement, Impedence measurement, Measurement of Antenna efficiency, Measurement of Noise figure and noise temperature of an antenna.

Text Books: 1. C A.BALANIS/ ANTENNA THEORY (John Wiley&Sons 2nd Edition). 2. Kraus, John D. & Mashefka, Ronald J. / Antenna for All Applications.( TMH, 3rd Edition) 3. G.S.N.Raju/ Antenna&Wave Propagation (Pearson Education India 2005).

Reference Books:

1. 2.

Prasad, K.D./ Antennas and Wave Propagation (Satya Prakashan) Jordan and Balman/ Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems ( PHI)

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

EC-305

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit 1 Introduction to Digital Communication Analog & Digital messages, Model of a Digital Communication, System, Sampling Theory, Quantization, Introduction to Source Coding, Channel coding. Unit 2 Digital Base band Transmission

(9)

(8)

PCM Coding, DM, DPCM, ADCM, Data Transfer Rate, Line Coding and Its Properties, NRZ & RZ Types, Signalling Format for Unipolar, Polar, Bipolar (AMI) & Manchester Coding and Their Power Spectra, Matched Filter Receiver, Derivation of Its Impulse Response and Peak Pulse Signal to Noise Ratio. Correlation Detector Decision Threshold and Error Probability for Binary, Unipolar (ON-OFF) Signalling, ISI, Nyquist Criterion For Zero ISI & Raised Cosine Spectrum.

Unit 3 Digital Modulation Techniques

(11)

Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure, Types of Digital Modulation, Wave forms for Amplitude, Frequency and Phase Shift Keying, Method of Generation and Detection of Coherent & Non-Coherent Binary ASK, FSK ,PSK & Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK), Quadrature Modulation Techniques QPSK, Probability of Error and Comparison of Various Digital Modulation Techniques.

Unit 4 Digital Multiplexing

(3)

Fundamentals of Time Division Multiplexing, Electronic Commutator, Bit & Byte Interleaving, T1 Carrier System, Synchronization and Signaling of T1, PCM Hierarchy, T1 to T4 PCM TDM System (DS1 to DS4 Signals)

Unit 5 Error Control Coding

(9)

Error Free Communication Over a Noise Channel, Hamming code, Relation Between Minimum Distance and Minimum Distance Error Correcting Capability, Linear Block Codes, Encoding and Syndrome Decoding, Cyclic Codes, Encoder and Decoder For Cyclic Codes, Convolution Codes, Tree diagram state diagram and Trellis Diagram, Viterbi and Sequential Decoding, Comparison of Performance.

Text Book: 1. Haykin, Simon / Communication Systems / John Wiley / 4th Ed.

References Books: 1. Singh, R.P. & Sapre, S.D. / Communication Systems: Analog & Digital / Tata McGraw-Hill. 2. Lathi, B.P / Modern Digital & Analog Communication Systems / Oxford University Press /. 3. Simon Haykin / Digital Communication / John Wiley.

MICROPROCESSORS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

EC-307

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit1 Introduction to Microprocessors: Evolution of Microprocessors, History of computers, Timing and control,Category of memory Unit2 8-bit Microprocessor (8085): Architecture,Pin diagram,Demultipluxing of address bus,Timing diagram,Instruction set, Addressing modes,Interrupts,Assembly Language Programming. Unit 3 16-bit Microprocessors(8086):

(3)

(9)

(12)

Architecture, formation of Physical address, Pin diagram,Timing diagram,minimum and maximum module CPU configuration,Demultiplexing & Buffering,segmentation, memory organization, Bus cycle, Instruction cycle,Addressing modes,difference between 8085 & 8086,difference between 8086 and 8088,Interrupt,Instruction set,Assembly Language Programming of 8086 Unit 4 Data transfer scheme: (6)

Programmed driven data transfer scheme,Interupt driven data transfer scheme,DMA driven data transfer scheme ,8255 (PPI), Serial Data transfer (USART 8251) Unit 5 Introduction to ICs 8255,8257,8251,8253,display controller (8279), Programmable Priority Controller (8259 Introduction, modes,Types of ADC, ADC IC (0808/0809) Text Books 1. R. Singh and B. P. Singh : Microprocessor Interfacing and Application, New Age International Publishers, 2nd Edition. 2. B.P. Singh and R. Singh : Advanced Microprocessor and Microcontrollers, New Age International Publishers, 2nd Edition. Reference Books 1. D. V. Hall : Microprocessors Interfacing, TMH (2nd Edition). 2. R. S. Gaunkar: Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with 8085/8080,Penram Publication (10)

3. Y.C. Liu and G.A. Gibson : Microcomputer Systems: The 8086/8088 Family Architecture Programming and Design, PHI 2nd Edition,

ADVANCED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

TEC-302

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit 1 Elements of Information Theory

(10)

Logarithmic Measure of Information, Entropy and Information Rate, Conditional Entropy and Redundancy, Source Coding, Fixed and Variable Length Code Words, Source Coding Theorem, Prefix Doing and Kraft Inequality, Shannon-Fanno and Huffman Coding, Error free communication over a noisy channel, Shannon First & Second theorems with proof. Unit 2 Probability Theory, Random Variables and Random Processes, (10)

Conept of probability, Random Variable, Continuous Random Variable & Discrete random variable, Statistical Averages, Central Limit Theorem & Correlation, From random Variable to random process, Power spectral Density(PSD), Multiple Random processes, Transmission of random processes through linear system, Optimum filtering: Wiener-Hopf filter. Unit 3 Error Control Coding (15)

Error Free Communication Over a Noise Channel, Hamming code, Relation Between Minimum Distance and Minimum Distance Error Correcting Capability, Linear Block Codes, Encoding and Syndrome Decoding, Cyclic Codes, Encoder and Decoder For Cyclic Codes, Convolution Codes, Tree diagram state diagram and Trellis Diagram, Viterbi and Sequential Decoding, Comparison of Performance. Text Book: 1. Haykin, Simon / Communication Systems / John Wiley / 4th Ed.

References Books: 1. Singh, R.P. & Sapre, S.D. / Communication Systems: Analog & Digital / Tata McGraw-Hill. 2. Lathi, B.P / Modern Digital & Analog Communication Systems / Oxford University Press /. 3. Simon Haykin / Digital Communication / John Wiley.

MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

EC-304

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit-I: The propagation of EM Waves through wave guide:

(8)

Rectangular waveguide, solution of wave equation in rectangular Co-ordinates, Derivation of Field Equations for TE & TM modes, Degenerate and dominant mode, Power Transmission and Power Loss, Excitation of waveguides, non existence of TEM mode in Wave guides, Introduction to Circular Waveguides, Strip line and Micro strip line.

Unit-II Cavity resonators: Rectangular and cylindrical cavities, Quality factor, Excitation of Cavities.

(9)

Microwave components: Waveguide couplings, bends and twists, Transitions, Directional Couplers, hybrid couplers, Matched load, Attenuators and phase Shifters, E-plane, H-plane and Hybrid Tees, Hybrid Ring, Waveguide discontinuities, Windows, Irises and Tuning screws, Detectors, Isolators And Circulators, tunable detector Slotted line carriage, VSWR meter. Scattering Matrix and Their Properties.

Unit-III Microwave Measurements: Measurement of frequency, Wave length, VSWR, Impedance, Attenuation, Low and high Power.

(7)

Unit-IV

(8)

Microwave Tubes And circuits: Limitation of conventional active Devices at microwave Frequency Klystron, Reflex Klystron, Magnetron, TWT, BWO, Their schematic, Principle of Operation, performance haracteristics and applications

Unit- V Microwave Semiconductor Devices:

(8)

PIN diode, Tunnel diode, varactor diode, Schottky barrier diode, Gunn Devices, IMPATT and TRAPATT, their Principal of operation, Characteristics and applications.

Text book: Liao, S.Y. / Microwave Devices & Circuits; PHI 3rd Ed. Microwave Engg.By Annapurna Das / TMH Publisher

Reference Book: Collin, R.E./Foundations for microwave Engg. / TMH 2nd Ed

VLSI TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN

EC-306

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT-1

(8)

Crystal Growth: Silicon wafer Preparation & characterization, Oxidation: Thermal oxidation, Oxide thickness measurement, Oxidation system. Diffusion of dopants: Diffusion Eqns. Dopant profiles, sheet resistance, diffusion furnace, liquid and gaseous dopants, Ion Implantation: Ion implantation techniques, dopant profiles, apparatus used.

UNIT-2

(7)

Lithography: Mask making, photo resist & Etching Techniques, Introduction to Modern Lithography Techniques, Photolithography techniques for pattern transfer. Film Deposition: Epitaxial growth of Si, Apparatus for epitaxy, Vacuum deposition & Sputtering apparatus, CVD Processes and its applications in IC Lab, Metallization.

UNIT -3

(10)

Basic electrical properties of MOS circuits, Ids-Vds relationship, MOS transistor threshold voltage Vt, Transconductance and output conductance, MOS transistor figure of merit. The NMOS inverter, pull-up to pull-down ratio, CMOS inverter and its characteristics, latch up in CMOS circuits, stick diagrams, NMOS design style, CMOS

design style, lambda based design rules, Body effect, sheet resistance, capacitances of layers, Gate delays, Delay estimation, logical efforts, Scaling models and scaling factors, limitation of scaling, Limits of miniaturization.

UNIT-4

(8)

NMOS, CMOS NAND Gates, NMOS, CMOS NOR gates. Combinational circuit design, Sequential circuit design, Design considerations, problems associated with VLSI Design, Design Methodology and Tools, Standard Cell Based Design, Design Flows, Automated Layout Generation, Placement, Floor planning, Routing, Parasitic Extraction.

UNIT-5

(7)

Programmable Logic Devices: Programmable Array Logic (PAL), Programmable Logic Array (PLA), Field Programmable Gate arrays (FPGA), Configurable Logic Block (CLB), Application- Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs).

Text Books:

1. VLSI Technology by S. M. Sze, Tata Mc Graw -Hill 2. Basic VLSI Design by Douglas A. Pucknell & Kamran Eshraghian, Prentice-Hall of India. 3. Application-Specific Integrated Circuits by Michal John Sebastian smith, Pearson Education. 4. Introduction to Digital Microelectronics Circuits by K. Gopalan (TMH)

References:

1. Principles of CMOS VLSI Design A systems Perspective by Neil H.E. Weste, Kamran Eshraghian, Pearson Education 2. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design by Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici, Tata Mc-Graw-Hill. 3. Digital Integrated Circuits A Design Perspective by Jan. M. Rabaey, Anantha Chandra kasan, Borivoje Nikolic, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Limited.

MICROCONTROLLERS AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

EC-308

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT1 Introduction to Microcontroller

(6)

Microcontrollers and Microprocessors, Embedded versus external memory devices 8 and 16-bit micro controllers, CISE & RISC processors; Harvard & Von-Neumann architecture commercial Microcontroller devices. UNIT2. 8051 Microcontrollers (12)

Architecture, pins description I/O ports and memory organizations interrupts, timer & serial communication, Addressing mode and instructions, simple programs, assembly language programming tools. UNIT3 AVR & PIC MICROCONTROLLERS (8)

Architecture, pin description & featJures 8096/95,98CXX, 89C20XX, PIC micro-controllers, AVR microcontrollers. UNIT4. Interfacing (8)

LEDs, Push Buttons, Relay and Latch connections, keyboard, 7-segment display, and LCD interfacing ADC and DAC interfacing. UNIT5 APPLICATION (6)

Applications of Microcontroller different waves generation, frequency counter, Measurement applications, automation and controller application Text Books: 1. Ajay V. Deshmukh, Microcontrollers; Theory and applications; TMH edition 2005. 2. John Catsoulis, Designing Embedded Hardware; O Reilly edition 2002.

Reference Books: 1. B.P. Singh & Renu Singh, Advanced Microprocessors and Microcontrollers; New Age International Publishers Edition 2005. 2. Raj Kamal, Embedded Systems Architecture Prgoramming and Design, TMH

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

EC-310

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit 1. Discrete Fourier Transform:

(10)

Frequency Domain Sampling: The Discrete Fourier Transform Frequency-Domain Sampling and Reconstruction of Discrete-Time Signals. The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The DFT as a linear Transformation.Relationship of the DFT to Other Transforms. Properties of the DFT.Periodicity, Linearity, and Symmetry Properties. Multiplication of two DFTs and Circular Convolution. Additional DFT Properties. Frequency analysis of signals using the DFT.

Unit 2. Efficient Computation of DFT

10)

Efficient Computation of the DFT: FFT Algorithms, Direct Computation of the DFT. Radix-2 FFT algorithms. Efficient computation of the DFT of two real sequences, computations, Efficient computation of the DFT of a 2N Point real sequences, Gortezel Algorithm, Chirp Z-transform algorithm.

Unit 3. Basic IIR Filter Structures:

(8)

Direct forms (I & II), cascade and parallel realizations. Signal flow graph, Transposed structure, Basic FIR filter structures-. Direct form structure, frequency sampling structure, Lattice structure, Linear phase FIR structure . FIR structures.

Unit 4. Basic FIR Filter Structures:

(8)

Symmetric and Anti-symmetric FIR Filters, Design of Linear-Phase FIR Filters Using Windows, Design of LinearPhase FIR Filters by the Frequency Sampling Method, Design of FIR, Equiripple filter design Differentiators. Design of Hilbert Transformers.

Unit 5. Design of IIR Filters From Analog Filters

(8)

IIR Filter Design by Approximation of Derivatives, IIR Filter Design by Impulse Invariance. IIR Filter Design by the Bilinear Transformation. The Matched-z Transformation, Characteristics of Commonly Used Analog Filters. Application of above technique to the design of Butterworth & Chebyshev filters.

Text Books: 1. Proakis, J.G. & Manolakis, D.G., Digital Signal Processing: Principles Algorithms and Applications, Prentice Hall (India). Reference Books: 1. Sanjit K. Mitra, Digital Signal Processing, Third Edition, TMH, 2005 2. Oppenheim A.V. & Schafer, Ronald W., Digital Signal Processing, Pearson Education. 3. Rabiner, L.R. and Gold B., Theory and applications of DSP, PHI.

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION EC-401 Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit- 1

(6)

Introduction to wireless communication: 1G, 2G, 3G wireless network, Mobile radio propagation: introduction, free space propagation model, relating Power to electric field, Propagation mechanism: Reflection, Diffraction, scattering, ground Reflection model, Fresnel zone geometry with knife edge diffraction model, Practical link budget design using lath load, models based on frequency range.

Unit-2

(6)

Fading: Small scale and large scale fading, Factors affecting fading, Doppler shift, Impulse response model of multipath channel, Partameters of Mobile multipath channels, Types of small scale fading, Theory of Multipath shape factors for small scale fading wireless channel.

Unit-3

(8)

Spread spectrum Modulation techniques: DS-SS, FH-SS, modulation performance In fading, Linear and non linear equalizer, diversity techniques, RAKE receiver.

Unit-4

(8)

Characterization of speech signal, quantization techniques, Vocoders, Linear Predictive coders, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, and SDMA.

Unit-5

(8)

Cellular concepts: Frequency reuse, channel assignment techniques, handoff Strategies, interference and system capacity, improving coverage & capacity in Cellular system.

OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION

EC-403

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT1Introduction: (8) Block diagram of optical fiber communication system, Advantages of optical fiber communication. Optical fiber waveguides: structure of optical wave guide, light propagation in optical fiber using ray theory, acceptance angle, numerical aperture, skew rays, wave theory for optical propagation, modes in a planar and cylindrical guide, mode volume, single mode fibers, cutoff wavelength, mode field diameter, effective refractive index and group and mode delay factor for single mode fiber. UNIT 2: (9) Transmission Characteristics of Optical fiber, Attenuation in optical fibers, intrinsic and extrinsic absorption, linear and non linear scattering losses, fiber bend losses. Dispersion and pulse broadening, intramodal and intermodal dispersion for step and graded index fibers, modal noise, over all fiber dispersion for multimode and monomode fiber, dispersion shifted fibers, modal birefringence and polarization maintaining fibers UNIT 3: Optical Sources: (8) Basic concepts Einstein relations and population inversion optical feedback and threshold conditions, direct and indirect band gap semiconductors. spontaneous and stimulated emission in p-n junction, threshold current density, Hetero junction & DH structure, semiconductor injection lasers structure & Characteristics of injection laser. Drawbacks and advantages of LED, DH, LED, LED structures and characteristics. UNIT4: Optical detectors: (8) Requirement for photo detections p-n photodiode, characteristics of photo detections, p-i-n and avalanche photodiodes, phototransistors & photoconductors. Direct detection receiver performance considerations: Noise sources in optical fiber communication, noise in p-n, p-i-n and APD receivers, Receiver structures. UNIT5: Optical fiber communication systems: (11) Principal components of an optical fiber communication system, source laminations, optical transmitter circuits, LED and laser drive circuits, optical receiver block diagram, simple circuits for pre-amplifier, automatic gain control and equalization, Regenerative repeater, BER of optical receiver, channel losses, ISI penalty and optical power budgeting for digital optical fiber system, line coding, analog systems, Direct intercity and sub carrier intensity modulation using AM, FM and PM. Block diagram and detection principle of coherent optical fiber

Text Book: 1. Optical fiber Communication: John M.S Senior PHI, 2nd Ed.

Reference Books: 1. Optical Communication: J.M Senior 2. Optical fiber Communication: G.E. Keiser Mc Graw-Hill, 3rd Ed. 3. Optoelectronics: Wilson & Hawkes PHI, 2nd Ed.

TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

EC-405

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UNIT1: Introduction:

(7)

Message switching, circuits switching, functions of a switching system, register-translator-senders, distribution frames, crossbar switch, a general trunking, electronic switching, Reed electronic system, digital switching systems.

UNIT 2: Digital switching:

(10)

Switching functions, space division switching, multiple stage switching, nonblocking switches, blocking probabilities, Lee graphs and Jacobaeus, foulded four wire switches, path dinding, switch matrix control; Time division switching, analog and digital time division switching, a digital memory switch, time stage in general, two dimensional switching, implementation complexity of TD switches, multiple stage time and space switching, STS switching , TST switching, TSSST switches, No.4 ESS Toll switch, System 75 digital PBX, Digital cross connect systems, Consolidation and segregation, DCS hierarchy, integrated cross connect equipment, digital switching in analog environment, zero loss switching.

UNIT 3: Telecom Traffic Engineering:

(8)

Network traffic load and parameters, grade of service and blocking probability, modeling switching systems, Markov processes, birth-death processes, incoming traffic and service time characteristics, Poisson arrival process, holding time of calls, blocking models and loss estimates, lost calls cleared systems with infinite and finite subscribers, lost calls returned systems and lost calls held system, Delay systems and Erlang C formula.

UNIT4: Control of Switching Systems: (8) Call processing functions, sequence of operations, signal exchanges, state transition diagrams; common control, Reliability availability and security; Stored program control, processor architecture, centralized SPC, distributed SPC, Level3, Level2 and Level-1 processing, SPC software, system software and Language processor, SDL, application software.

UNIT 5: Signalling and Packet switching : (9) Customer line signalling, AF junctions and trunk circuits, outband and inband signalling, PCM and inter register signalling, Common channel signaling, general principles and network, CCITT signaling system No. 6 and 7, HDLC protocol, Signal units, the signaling information field. Packet Switching: Packets formats, statistical multiplexing, routing control, dynamic, virtual path circuit and fixed path routing, flow control, X.25 protocol, frame relay, TCP/IP, ATM cell, ATM service categories, ATM switching , ATM memory switch, space memory switch, memory-space, memory-space-memory switch, Banyan network switch.

Text / Reference Books: 1. Telecommunication switching System and networks, Thiagarajan Viswanathan, PHI. 2. Telecommunication switching, Traffic and Networks, J.E. Flood, Pearson education. 3. Digital Telephony, J.C. Bellamy, John Wiley, 3rd Ed. 4. Principles of Communication Systems, Taub and Schilling, TMH

DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

CS-211

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit1: INTRODUCTION

(10)

Basics of data communication networks, network architectures. The OSI reference model,TCP-Ip model, services, standardization, Connection oriented and connection less services The Physical Layer: Transmission media, EIA RS232C, EIA RS-449. Pulse code modulation. FDM & TDM. Circuit switching. Packet switching. Hybrid switching. Polling. CCITT X.21. Ethernet.

Unit2: The Data Link Layer:

(8)

Basic link protocols. Character oriented and bit oriented protocols. The ALOHA protocols. IEEE standard 802 for LAN, framing, Error control, Flow control.

Unit3: The Network Layer:

(10)

Design Issues. Different Routing Algorithms. Congestion control Algorithms. Subnet concept, Virtual circuit and Data gram Subnet, Flow control, Internetworking, Bridges, outers, Gateways.

Unit4: The Transport Layer:

(10)

Design Issues. Connection management. Study of Internet and ATM transport layer protocols. Internet Issues: Principles of bridges and routers. The TCP/IP Protocol suite: Overview of TCP/IP. Addressing, Subnetting and network layer protocols.

Unit5: Application layer services: DNS, DHCP, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, SNMP, HTTP, WWW.

(8)

References: 1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum: Computer Networks, PHI India. 2. Forouzan: Data Communications & Networking, TMH. 4. William Stallings: Data & Computer Communicatio

ELECTIVES

RADARS AND RADIO NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

EC-421

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT 1: RADAR SIGNAL MODELS & Radar Wave Forms:

(15)

Amplitude models, distributed target forms of rangeequation, radar cross section, statistical description of radar cross section, Swerling model, Clutter, signal to clutter ratio, temporal and spatial correlation of clutter, noise model and signal to noise ratio, frequency models, Doppler shift, simplifies approach to Doppler shift, stop and hop assumption, spatial model, variation with angle, variation with range, projections, multipath, spectral models. Radar Wave Forms: Waveform matched filter of moving targets, ambiguity function, ambiguity function of the simple matched pulse filter for the pulse burst, pulse by pulse processing, range ambiguity, Doppler response and ambiguity function of the pulse burst.

UNIT 2: DETECTION FUNDAMENTALS:

(13)

Radar detection as hypothesis testing, Neyman-Pearson detection rule, likelihood ratio test, threshold detection of radar signals, non-coherent integration of nonfluctuating targets, Albersheim and Shnidaman equations, Binary integration. Radio Direction Finding: loop direction finder, goniometer, errors in direction finding, adcock and automatic direction finders, commutated aerial direction finder. Radio Ranges: LF/MF four course radio ranges, VOR, ground equipment & receiver, VOR errors. UNIT 3: RADIO NAVIGATIONAL AIDS: ILS, GCA & MLS, LORAN Decca & Omega system. DME & TECAN Doppler Navigation: Beam configuration, Doppler frequency equation, track stabilization and Doppler spectrum, components of Doppler navigation system, Doppler radar equipment, CW & FMCW Doppler radar, frequency trackers, and Doppler range equation. Satellite Navigation System: transit system, NAVSTAR, GPS, basic principles of operation, signal structure of NAVSTAR broadcasts, data message, velocity determination, accuracy of GPS & differential navigation, NAVSTAR receiver. (12)

Text and reference books: 1. Fundamentals of radar signal processing, Mark A Richards, TMH. 2. Elements of Electronics Navigation, N. S. Nagraja, TMH. 3. Radar principles, Peebles Jr. P. Z., Wiley, NY.

DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN USING VHDL

EC-423

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO VHDL:

(8)

VHDL Description of Combinational Networks; Modeling flip- flops using VHDL Processes; VHDL Models for a Multiplexer; Compilation and Simulation of VHDL Code; Modeling a Sequential Machine; Variables, Signals and Constants; Arrays; VHDL Operators; VHDL Functions; VHDL Procedures; Packages and Libraries.

UNIT-2 DESIGN OF NETWORKS FOR ARITHMATIC OPERATIONS:

(8)

Design of Serial Adder with Accumulator; State Graphs for Control Networks; Design of Binary Multiplier; Multiplication of Signed Binary Numbers; Design of Binary Divider. DIGITAL DESIGN WITH SM CHART: State Machine Charts; Derivation of SM Charts; Realization of SM Charts; Implementation of the Dice Game; Alternative Realization of SM Charts Using Microprogramming. UNIT-3 (8)

DESIGNING WITH PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS AND COMPLEX PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES: Xilinx 3000 series FPGAs; Xilinx 4000 series FPGAs; Using a One Hot State Assignment. FLOATING POINT ARITHMETIC: Representation of Floating-Point Numbers; Floating -Point Multiplication; Other Floating- Point Operations. UNIT-4 VHDL MODELS FOR MEMORIES AND BUSSES: Static RAM Memory; A Simplified 486 Bus Model; Interfacing Memory to Microprocessor Bus. UNIT-5 ADVANCED VHDL: Attributes; Transport and Inertial Delays: Operator Overloading; Multi valued Logic and Signal Resolution; IEEE1164 Standard Logic; Generics; Generate Statements; Synthesis of VHDL Codes; Synthesis Examples; Files handling and TEXTIO. (8) (8)

Text Book: 1. Charles H. Roth Jr, Digital System Design using VHDL, Thomson Learning, 2002. Reference Books: 2. Stephen Brown & Zvonko Vranesic, Fundamentals of digital logic design with VHDL, TMH, 2nd Ed., 2007. 3. Jhon F Wakerly, Digital design, PHI, 4th Ed.

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

EC-425

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

UNIT1:

(8)

Introduction: Fundamental steps in DIP, elements of DIP, Simple image model, Sampling & quantization, basic relationships between Pixels, Color image model. Image Transforms: One-dimensional & Two-dimensional DFT, Cosine, Sine, Hadamard, Haar, and Slant & KL transforms.

UNIT2:

(8)

Image Enhancement: Introduction, Point operations, Histogram modeling, spatial operations, Transform operations.

UNIT 3:

(9)

Image Restoration: Introduction, Image observation models, Inverse & Wiener filtering, difference between enhancement & restoration Restoration-spatial filtering, Noise reduction in frequency domain,

UNIT 4: Image Compression: Introduction, Pixel coding, Predictive coding, Transform coding, Interframe coding

(8)

UNIT 5:

(8)

Image Segmentation: Introduction, Spatial feature extraction, Transforms features, Edge detection, Boundary extraction, Segmentation techniques.

Text Books: 1. Digital Image Processing, Rafael C. Conzalez Richard E Woods, 2nd Ed. 2. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Anil K Jain.

SATTELITE COMMUNICATION

EC-427

Cr L T P 4 3 1 0

Unit-I:

(8)

Introduction: Elements of Satellite Communication: Orbital mechanics, Look angle and orbit Determination launches & launch vehicle, orbital Effects, Geostationary Orbit. Unit-II (8)

Satellite subsystems: attitude and orbit control systems, TTC&M, Communication subsystem, Satellite antennas, satellite link design, basic Transmission theory, system noise temperature and G/T Ratio, downlink Design, uplink design, satellite systems using small earth station, design for Specified C/N ratio. Unit-III (8)

Modulation and multiplexing techniques for satellite links: FM, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis, S/N ratios for FM video transmission, digital Transmission, digital Modulation and demodulation, TDM, Multiple Accesses, FDMA, TDMA, DAMA and CDMA. Unit-IV (8)

Error control for digital satellite links: error detection and Correction, channel capacity, error Control coding, convolution codes, linear and cyclic block codes. Propagation effects and their Impact on satellite-Earth Links: attenuation and depolarization, atmospheric absorption, rain, Cloud and ice effects etc. Unit- V (8)

Introduction of various satellite systems: VSAT, low earth orbit and Non-geostationary, direct broadcast satellite television and radio, satellite Navigation and the Global positioning systems. Text Book: 1. Satellite Communications / Pratt, Bostian, Allnutt / John Wiley & Sons Reference Books. 1. Satellite Communications / Dennis Roddy / McGraw-Hill 2. Digital Satellite Communications/ Tri T. Ha. / McGraw-Hill.