Cavity Nose Cavity on the surface of the nose, there are hair-fine hair and mucous that act

to filter the air into the nose cavity. Base of the throat Base of the throat organized by some form of cartilage jakun. Base of the throat can be closed by valve base of the throat (epiglotis). At the time of ingest food, close the valve is at the base of the throat and breathing time to open the card. At the base of the throat there is a membrane that will vibrate the sound when there is air from the lungs, for example, at the time we talk. Trachea Trachea (trakea) located in the front of the esophagus. In the thoracic cavity, trachea fork bronchus (bronkus). In the lung, bronchus ramify into a very small channel called bronkiolus. Edge bronkiolus form small bubbles, called bubble lungs (alveolus). Lungs Lungs are located in the thoracic cavity. Thoracic cavity and the stomach is restricted by siuatu divider called diaphragm. Lungs are the two lungs and the right of the left lung. Right lung consists of three gelambir (lobus) gelambir namely top, middle and gelambir down gelambir. While the left lung consists of two gelambir the gelambir up and down gelambir. Lungs covered by a membrane lung (pleura). Alveolus in the lungs is very much in number, approximately 300 million alveolus. The entire surface of the alveolus width estimated 100 times greater than the surface of the body. Alveolus dikekelingi-tube capillary blood vessel. Gas exchange in Alveolus Oxygen required for oxidation is taken from the air that we hirup at the time we breathe. At the time breathing the air entering through the channel and respiratory akhirnyan into the alveolus. That there is oxygen in the alveolus berdifusi penetrate the cell wall of alveolus. Eventually into the blood vessel, and bound by the hemoglobin in the blood become oksihemoglobin. Further distributed by the blood throughout the body. Oksigennya released into the body cells back into so oksihemoglobin hemoglobin. Carbon dioxide produced from the respiratory transported by blood through the vein until the end of the alveolus from alveolus of carbon dioxide released through the respiratory channel in the time we issue a breath. Thus, the exchange occurs in the alveolus oxygen gas that is incoming and outgoing karnbondioksida. The process of respiratory Breathing process that includes two interesting breath or respiratory air to enter and remove the air, the breath or respiratory issue. Interesting breath is called inspiration and the breath is called ekspirasi issue. Interesting at the time of breath, muscle berkontraksi diaphragm. The diaphragm position over the curve is now so straight into the chest cavity. This is called respiratory stomach.

Along with diaphragm muscle contraction, muscle-rib muscles also berkontraksi so that the chest cavity. This is called respiratory chest. Due to the thoracic cavity, the pressure in the thoracic cavity to be reduced, so that the incoming air from outside through the nose, next through the respiratory channel air into the lungs, so the lungs inflate. Expenditure caused by the breath melemasnya muscles and diaphragm musculature and rib berkontraksinya also assisted with the muscle belly. Diaphragm to be curved up, rib-bone down to the bottom and to move in the direction, consequently chest cavity so that the pressure decline in the thoracic cavity increases. With the increase of pressure in the thoracic cavity, the air inside the lungs out through respiratory channels. Capacity Lung tuberculosis The incoming air out the lungs at the time doing normal respiratory air is called respiratory (tidal air). Air volume in the adult respiratory approximately 500 nl. After we do a normal inspiration, we can still attract deep breath-in. Air can enter after a normal inspiration called complementary air, more or less volume 1500 ml. Once we do ekspirasi usual, we can still blow away the breath with a vengeance. Air that can be issued after the regular ekspirasi called air suplementer, volume approximately 1500 ml. Although we spent the breath from the lungs with a flat-out turns in the lungs are still the air is called air residue. Volume of air residues more or less in 1500 ml. The number of respiratory air volume, air, complementary, and the air suplementer called the vital capacity of lungs.