International Peace Camp 2004

Indonesia Human Rights Situation

Indonesia in the Democracy Transition

Presented by Nining Nurhaya

Foreword

2004 is the year of election in the second times in Indonesia, which held in the
democratic way. The election of the House of Representative and Senate has been done
in April 5th 2004. Meanwhile the election of President directly for the first time in
Indonesia history will be holding on July 5th 2004. The election has involving 24
parties.

The result of the election of the House of Representative and Senate was not satisfied
for the democratic movement because the old party likes Golkar (during the New Order
era, Golkar is the only party who were in the power to do a lot of corruption and human
rights violation) has won more than 20 % from the total vote besides PDIP (Indonesian
Struggling Democratic Party) won more than 17 % from the total vote. Actually PDIP
has failed to lead this country escape from economic and political crisis situation. While
new party likes Democratic Party, which have president candidate from military (Golkar
party also has president candidate from military) is surprising won more than 7 % from
the total vote.

The situation above has made pro democratic movement worries. The signal of the
return of militarism in politic is getting clear. If the militarism in the power again, the
chance for the better situation for human rights situation seem likes hopeless.

The Recent Situation in Some Conflict Area

At the moment, Aceh that has long story of human rights violation is still crying and
bleeding because of Martial Law. President Megawati has extended the Martial Law
from six months become twelve months. The result of Martial Law that clearly seen by
Indonesian people are the number of people as the victim of extra judicial killing (126
people), involuntarily disappearance (46 people), arbitrary arrest/detention (25 people),
torture (111 people), and rape (3 people). Total number of victim due to Martial Law in

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International Peace Camp 2004

Aceh for the first six months are 311 people. And now people in Aceh expect no more
extending for the Martial Law.

Besides Aceh situation, Maluku that has been in peace situation was being disturbed by
the issue of separatist. It becomes the entry point by some provocateur to tense the
situation in Maluku, which happen on April 25th 2004. There are more than 30 people
killed at that moment, besides hundreds people were wounded. Some people now
refugee to another part of Maluku or other island in order to feel secure and avoid the
conflict. The conflict in Maluku now is not pure arise from the local people but there are
prejudice of tense setting because some sniper shooting the local people without reason.

Besides Maluku conflict, violence also still going on in Papua, but the news is not
arising because threat that Papuan people feel makes them silenced, especially for the
men.

While Poso, Central Sulawesi, is still in the process of peace because bomb terror and
mysterious shooter still walking around Poso.

The Recent Situation in Non Conflict Area

Student and people movement because the consciousness of their rights has grown up in
the number. Some demonstration regularly happen when the policy of government in
local and central is not accommodating the people need. But some of the demonstration
ending with violence, which took some lives and causing some people arrested with
accusing doing the subversive. Such as UMI (University of Indonesia Muslim) was
attack by some police on May 1st 2004, which causing around 50 people wounded.
Besides four peasants in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, was killed by police on July 21st
2004 in order to keep their land rights.

Besides that, the case of Tanjung Priok massacre has been in the process tribunal human
rights and decided one of the perpetrators was guilty, while others perpetrator is still in
the process of tribunal. Meanwhile the Abepura human rights tribunal just begins in
Makasar. This two tribunal was the result of the people who asking for justice. Although
the result was unpredicted because too many obstacle in that road to justice.

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International Peace Camp 2004

Closing

Human rights in Indonesia is still far away to be achieve, although in this few years
there are several changing in policy to support the human rights to be hold in Indonesia.
But the government does not implement the policy because human rights violation is
still going on up to now.

Than the danger of the return of militarism in Indonesia at the moment is a real threat
for the democracy and the up hold human rights. If the military president candidate for
2004-2009 won, the struggles to up hold justice; democracy and human rights will be
hard.

Indonesia in the Democracy Transition

By Nining Nurhaya

Foreword

2004 is the year of election in the second times in Indonesia, which held in the
democratic way. The election of the House of Representative and Senate has been done
in April 5th 2004. Meanwhile the election of President directly for the first time in
Indonesia history will be holding on July 5th 2004. The election has involving 24
parties.

The result of the election of the House of Representative and Senate was not satisfied
for the democratic movement because the old party likes Golkar (during the New Order
era, Golkar is the only party who were in the power to do a lot of corruption and human
rights violation) has won more than 20 % from the total vote besides PDIP (Indonesian
Struggling Democratic Party) won more than 17 % from the total vote. Actually PDIP
has failed to lead this country escape from economic and political crisis situation. While
new party likes Democratic Party, which have president candidate from military (Golkar
party also has president candidate from military) is surprising won more than 7 % from
the total vote.

The situation above has made pro democratic movement worries. The signal of the
return of militarism in politic is getting clear. If the militarism in the power again, the

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International Peace Camp 2004

chance for the better situation for human rights situation seem likes hopeless.

The Recent Situation in Some Conflict Area

At the moment, Aceh that has long story of human rights violation is still crying and
bleeding because of Martial Law. President Megawati has extended the Martial Law
from six months become twelve months. The result of Martial Law that clearly seen by
Indonesian people are the number of people as the victim of extra judicial killing (126
people), involuntarily disappearance (46 people), arbitrary arrest/detention (25 people),
torture (111 people), and rape (3 people). Total number of victim due to Martial Law in
Aceh for the first six months are 311 people. And now people in Aceh expect no more
extending for the Martial Law.

Besides Aceh situation, Maluku that has been in peace situation was being disturbed by
the issue of separatist. It becomes the entry point by some provocateur to tense the
situation in Maluku, which happen on April 25th 2004. There are more than 30 people
killed at that moment, besides hundreds people were wounded. Some people now
refugee to another part of Maluku or other island in order to feel secure and avoid the
conflict. The conflict in Maluku now is not pure arise from the local people but there are
prejudice of tense setting because some sniper shooting the local people without reason.

Besides Maluku conflict, violence also still going on in Papua, but the news is not
arising because threat that Papuan people feel makes them silenced, especially for the
men.

While Poso, Central Sulawesi, is still in the process of peace because bomb terror and
mysterious shooter still walking around Poso.

The Recent Situation in Non Conflict Area

Student and people movement because the consciousness of their rights has grown up in
the number. Some demonstration regularly happen when the policy of government in
local and central is not accommodating the people need. But some of the demonstration
ending with violence, which took some lives and causing some people arrested with

4
International Peace Camp 2004

accusing doing the subversive. Such as UMI (University of Indonesia Muslim) was
attack by some police on May 1st 2004, which causing around 50 people wounded.
Besides four peasants in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, was killed by police on July 21st
2004 in order to keep their land rights.

Besides that, the case of Tanjung Priok massacre has been in the process tribunal human
rights and decided one of the perpetrators was guilty, while others perpetrator is still in
the process of tribunal. Meanwhile the Abepura human rights tribunal just begins in
Makasar. This two tribunal was the result of the people who asking for justice. Although
the result was unpredicted because too many obstacle in that road to justice.

Closing

Human rights in Indonesia is still far away to be achieve, although in this few years
there are several changing in policy to support the human rights to be hold in Indonesia.
But the government does not implement the policy because human rights violation is
still going on up to now.

Than the danger of the return of militarism in Indonesia at the moment is a real threat
for the democracy and the up hold human rights. If the military president candidate for
2004-2009 won, the struggles to up hold justice; democracy and human rights will be
hard.