Vol. 13, No.

1-2-3, Spring 2002 ISSN 1084-2810

SMARANDACHE NOTIONS JOURNAL

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK

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The graph on the first cover represents a Howard Iseri Model for a
Smarandache Geometry (see p. 8).

This journal is an extension of the "Smarandache Function Journal",

ISBN 1053-4792, Vol. 1-6, 1990-1995.

SNJ is yearly published (in the Spring or Fall) in a 300-400 pages

volume, and 800-1000 copies.

SNJ is a referred journal: reviewed, indexed, cited by the

following journals: "Zentralblatt Für Mathematik" (Germany),
"Referativnyi Zhurnal" and "Matematika" (Academia Nauk, Russia),
"Mathematical Reviews" (USA), "Computing Review" (USA), "Libertas
Mathematica" (USA), "Octogon" (Romania), "Indian Science Abstracts"
(India), "Ulrich's International Periodicals Directory" (USA),
"Gale Directory of Publications and Broadcast Media" (USA),
"Historia Mathematica" (USA), "Journal of Recreational Mathematics"
(USA), "The Mathematical Gazette" (U.K.), "Abstracts of Papers
Presented to the American Mathematical Society" (USA), "Personal
Computer World" (U.K.), "Mathematical Spectrum" (U.K.), "Bulletin
of Pure and Applied Sciences" (India), Institute for Scientific
Information (PA, USA), "Library of Congress Subject Headings"
(USA).

Referents:
Murad A. AlDamen, P. O. Box 713330, Hai Nazzal 11171, Amman,
Jordan.
Y. V. Chebrakov, Department of Mathematics, St.-Petersburg
Technical University, Nevsky 3-11, 191186, Russia.
Ion Goian, Department of Algebra, Number Theory and Logic,
State University of Kishinev, Republic of Moldova.
Florian Luca, Instituto de Matematicas UNAM, Campus Morelia,
Apartado Postal 61-3 (Xangari), CP 58 089, Morelia, Michoacan,
México.
Chris Nash, 5000 Bryan Station Road #5, Lexington, KY 40516-9505,
USA.
Carlos B. Rivera F., J. Pardavé 517, Col Lomas del Roble, San
Nicolás de los Garza, CP 66450, Nuevo León, México.
Sebastian Martin Ruiz, Avda. De Regla, 43, Chipiona 11550,
Cadiz, Spain.

Copyright 2002
by Sabin & Tatiana Tabirca, University College Cork, Ireland.
ASSOCIATE EDITORIAL BOARD:

Jack Allen, School of Accounting and Finance, Griffith

University, Australia.
Charles Ashbacher, Charles Ashbacher Technologies, Box 294,
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119 Northwood Drive, Hiawatha, Iowa 52233, USA.
Ion Balacenoiu, Department of Mathematics, University of
Craiova, Romania.
Mihaly Bencze, Str. H|rmanului 6, 2212 S|cele 3, Jud. BraÕov,
Romania.
Dragos Constantinescu, College of Arts, Rm. Valcea, Jud.
Valcea, Romania.
Constantin Corduneanu, Department of Mathematics, University
of Texas at Arlington, USA.
Henry Ibstedt, Glimminge 2036, 280 60 Broby, Sweden.
Howard Iseri, Department of Mathematics, Mansfield University,
Mansfield, PA 16933, USA.
Maohua Le, Department of Mathematics, Zhanjiang Normal
College, 29 Cunjin Road, Chikan, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, P. R. China.
Feng Liu, Dept. of Management Science and Engineering,
Shaanxi Economics and Trade Institute (South Campus), South
Cuihua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China.
A.A.K. Majumdar, Department of Mathematics, Jahangirnagar
University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
Leonardo Fernandes Dias da Motta, Av. Conselheiro Furtado,
1574, Apt. 501, Bairro Batista Campos, Belem, PA 66040-100, Brasil.
Mike Mudge, 22 Gors Fach, Pwll-Trap, St Clears,
Carmarthenshire, Dyfed SA33 4AQ, United Kingdom.
E. R|descu & N. R|descu, Department of Mathematics, University
of Craiova, Romania.
Felice Russo, Micron Technology Italy, Avezzano (Aq), Italy.
Vasile Seleacu, Department of Mathematics, University of
Craiova, Romania.
Y. A. Shmagin, Department of Mathematics, St.-Petersburg
Technical University, Nevsky 3-11, 191186,
St.-Petersburg, Russia.
Vera W. de Spinadel, Centro de Matematica y Diseno MAyDI,
Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseno y Urbanismo, Universidad
de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

INDICATION TO AUTHORS

Authors of papers concerning any of Smarandache type functions,

numbers, sequences, integer algorithms, paradoxes, Non-Euclidean
geometries, etc. are encouraged to submit manuscripts to the
Editors:

Prof. Sabin & Tatiana Tabirca

Department of Mathematics
University College Cork, Ireland.

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 The submitted manuscripts may be in the format of remarks,
conjectures, solved/unsolved or open new proposed problems,
notes, articles, miscellaneous, etc. They must be original work
and camera ready [typewritten/computerized, format: 8.5 x 11
inches (. 21,6 x 28 cm)]. They are not returned, hence we
advise the authors to keep a copy.
The title of the paper should be writing with capital letters.
The author's name has to apply in the middle of the line, near
the title. References should be mentioned in the text by a
number in square brackets and should be listed alphabetically.
Current address followed by e-mail address should apply at the
end of the paper, after the references.
The paper should have at the beginning an up to a half-page
abstract, followed by the key words.
All manuscripts are subject to anonymous review by two or more
independent sources.
Every letter will be answered.
The authors will receive free copies of the journal.

Papers in electronic form are accepted. They can be e-mailed

in Microsoft Word 2000 (or lower), WordPerfect 7.0 (or lower),
PDF 4.0, or ASCII files.

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MATHEMATICS:
HOWARD ISERI, Partially Paradoxist Smarandache Geometries .…………………………. 5
CLIFFORD SINGER, Engineering a Visual Field .........…………………………………... 13
J. SÁNDOR, On Smarandache’s Podaire Theorem …………………………………………. 16
J. SÁNDOR, On a Dual of the Pseudo-Smarandache Function ……………………………. 18
TATIANA TABIRCA, SABIN TABIRCA, A New Equation for the Load Balance Scheduling
Based on the Smarandache f-Inferior Part Function ……………………………………….. 24
SABIN TABIRCA, TATIANA TABIRCA, Some New Results Concerning the Smarandache
Ceil Function ………………………………………………………………………………..… 30
MARK FARRIS, PATRICK MITCHELL, Bounding the Smarandache Function……..….. 37
JACK ALLEN, SUKANTO BHATTACHARYA, Critical Trigger Mechanism – a Modeling
Paradigm for Cognitive Science Application in the Design of Artificial Learning systems …43
PANTELIMON STANICA, GABRIELA STANICA, There are Infinitely Many Smarandache
Derivations, Integrations and Lucky Numbers ……………………………………………… 48
AMARNATH MURTHY, Program for Finding out the Number of Smarandache Distinct
Reciprocal Partition of Unity of a Given Length ……………………………………………. 53
FELICE RUSSO, On a Problem Concerning the Smarandache Friendly Prime Pairs …… 56
SHYAM SUNDER GUPTA, Smarandache Sequence of Happy Numbers …………………. 59
FELICE RUSSO, On a Smarandache Problem Concerning the Prime Gap ………………. 64
DAVID POWER, SABIN TABIRCA, TATIANA TABIRCA, Java Concurrent Program for the
Smarandache Function ………………………………………………………………………. 72
L. Kuciuk, M. Antholy, An Introduction to the Smarandache Geometries …………………..85
W. B. VASANTHA KANDASAMY, Smarandache Semirings and Semifields ……………… 88
SEBASTIAN MARTIN RUIZ, The Sequence of Prime Numbers …………………………. 92
HENRY IBSTEDT, On a Concatenation Problem ………………………………………….. 96
HENRY IBSTEDT, On a Deconcatenation Problem ………………………………………..107
MAOHUA LE, On Smarandache Friendly Natural Number Pairs …………………………120
KRASSIMIR T. ATANASSOV, On the 17-th Smarandache Problem …………………… 124
KRASSIMIR T. ATANASSOV, On the 46-th Smarandache Problem …………………… 126
LIU HONGYAN, ZHANG WENPENG, On the Divisor Product and Proper Divisor Product
Sequences …………………………………………………………………………………… 128
HENRY BOTTOMLEY, Some Smarandache-Type Multiplicative Functions …………… 134
DAVID GORSKI, The Pseudo-Smarandache Function …………………………………… 140
ZHANG WENPENG, On the Symmetric Sequence and Some of its Properties ……………150

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ZHANG WENPENG, On the Permutation Sequence and some of its Properties ………… 153
LIU HONGYAN, ZHANG WENPENG, A Number Theoretic Function and its Mean Value
Property ………………………………………………………………………………………..155
FELICE RUSSO, An Introduction to the Smarandache Square Complementary Function 160
ZHANG WENPENG, LIU DUANSEN, On the Primitive Number of Power P and its
Asymptotic Property ………………………………………………………………………… 173
ZHANG WENPENG, On an Equation of Smarandache and its Integer Solutions ………. 176
ZHANG WENPENG, A New Sequence Related to Smarandache Sequences and its Mean
Value Formula ……………………………………………………………………………….. 179
FELICE RUSSO, Five Properties of the Smarandache Double Factorial Function ………183
ZHANG WENPENG, YI YUAN, On a Problem of F. Smarandache ……………………… 186
ZHANG WENPENG, On a Smarandache-Lucas Base and Related Counting Function … 191
J. SÁNDOR, On a Generalized Bisector Problem ……………………………………………197
WANG YANG, ZHANG HONG LI, On a Conjecture of F. Smarandache …………………199
FENG LIU, Paradoxes Review ……………………………………………………………… 200
XIGENG CHEN, The Equation "2(k+2, S(n))= "2(k+1, S(n))+ "2(k, S(n)) …… ……..….. 204
XIGENG CHEN, The Equation $2(k+2, S(n))= $2(k+1, S(n))+ $2(k, S(n)) ……. .……….. 206
MAOHUA LE, On the Smarandache Double Factorial Function ………………………… 209
MAOHUA LE, On the Pseudo-Smarandache Square Free Function ………………………229
MAOHUA LE, The Equation S(1x2)+ S(2x3)+…+ S(n(n+1))=S(n(n+1)(n+2)/3)) ……….. 237
MAOHUA LE, Some Conjectures on Primes (I) ………………………………………….. 239
MAOHUA LE, Some Conjectures on Primes (II) ………………………………………….. 241
MAOHUA LE, Some Conjectures on Primes (III) ….…………………………………….. 243
W. B. VASANTHA KANDASAMY, Smarandache Cosets ………………………………….. 245
W. B. VASANTHA KANDASAMY, Smarandache Loops ………………………………….. 252
S. M. TABIRCA, I. PITT, D. MURPHY, A Discrete Model for Histogram Shaping ………259
JOZSEF SANDOR, On an Additive Analogue of the Function S …………………………. 266

PHYSICS:
LEONARDO F. D. DA MOTTA, Hipótese de Smarandache: Evidências, Implicações
Aplicações [Portuguese] ………………………………………………................................ 271
JASON WRIGHT, Superluminals and the Speed of Light .................................................... 276
FELICE RUSSO, Faster Than Light? ……………………………………………………… 281

REVIEW ……………………………………………………………………………..………. 285

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