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Structured data is information that has been collected and stored in an application database during normal transaction processing. We access some types of information in its original form, whereas we access other information in extracted and manipulated forms. For example, information on the Internet is typically accessed in its original form. The different types of information to which a portal user needs access typically reside in different types of systems. An enterprise portal must provide access to information, regardless of where it is stored. Access is made possible by the following: Application access and integration Business intelligence services Internet access to content and services Knowledge management services
Access to information is nice, but users responsibilities are diverse and demanding. What they really need are tools to streamline and accelerate the many tasks required of them, regardless of which applications, information, and services are needed to complete those tasks. For this, end users require unification services that assist in correlating the data that
has been segregated into different enterprise data silos. They also require single sign-on services that will speed their access to the data they are authorized to see and change. An Enterprise Portal Provides: A single point of access via a Web browser to applications, content, and services A personalized, role-based user interface, customizable to individual needs Simple maintenance based on an open and flexible system with no additional client Secure access from anywhere Unification technology and predefined unifiers for database and legacy systems, which
software
support the user in identifying business issues and navigating across systems to immediately resolve these issues. From Desktop to Webtop The information technology landscape in large organizations is complex, and is getting more so. Such landscapes are marked by the following characteristics: Heterogeneous systems Dozens to hundreds of separate systems from different vendors require expensive point-topoint integration. Proprietary technologies and communication protocols Different business partners have no shared knowledge of business processes or access to a partners corporate business information. This endangers future success. Complex business environments These environments contribute to a maintenance nightmare with multiple dependencies and an average industry cost per year, per interface, of $10,000.
End users often have to combine applications in interconnected business prospects and processes. That is, end users must locate and act upon information about, for example, a single customers lost shipment, wherever that information might be found and acted upon in the IT landscape. This usually involves using many different user interfaces to drive many different applications. Often, this arrangement results in lost opportunities for improved customer service, procedural efficiency, and employee productivity.
An enterprise portal can deliver a connection between the applications and information required to perform a particular task. A portal gives the end user a complete business picture at a glance. It consists of multiple data sources and is integrated with many operational applications in the back office.
SAP NetWeaver
The SAP NetWeaver technology platform is an open integration and application platform that reduces total cost of ownership (TCO) across the entire IT landscape. It is the technical foundation of the mySAP Business Suite family of business solutions, SAP Collaborative Cross Applications (SAP xApps), and other general-purpose and industry-specific applications from SAP. SAP NetWeaver is also the technical foundation for Enterprise Services Architecture, the SAP blueprint for solutions based on Web services. SAP NetWeaver integrates and aligns people, information, and business processes across technologies and organizations. It gives companies the power to adapt quickly to change. SAP NetWeaver ensures that mission-critical business processes are reliable, secure, and scalable. Companies with SAP NetWeaver can also get more from their current software and systems. SAP NetWeaver unifies disparate integration technologies and provides preconfigured business content, reducing the need for custom integration. It is based on industry-standard technology and can be extended with commonly used development tools such as Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE); Microsoft .NET; and IBM WebSphere.
People integration ensures that your employees have the information and functions that they require to perform their work as quickly and efficiently as possible. The functions of the SAP Enterprise Portal are of key importance here. The SAP Mobile Infrastructure serves as the universal platform for enterprise mobility and powers SAP solutions for mobile business. Information integration
The information integration layer provides access to all structured and unstructured information in your company. The key component here is the SAP Business Information Warehouse, which provides data from many different systems for evaluation. Knowledge Management, a component of the SAP Enterprise Portal, and SAP Master Data Management also provide functions for central data storage. Process integration
Process integration ensures that business processes run across system boundaries in a heterogeneous system landscape. This is achieved by using XML data packages and workflow scenarios, among other things. The SAP Exchange Infrastructure (SAP XI) plays a key role here. Application platform
The SAP Web Application Server gives the application platform both J2EE and ABAP runtime environments and with this infrastructure it can support open standards, browser-based access to applications and web services as a vital instrument for Enterprise Service Architecture.
Figure 6: Key Components of SAP NetWeaver Across or in parallel to these four layers, SAP NetWeaver offers lifecycle management, as well as the Composite Application Framework: Lifecycle Management Lifecycle management supports design, development, deployment and change management of the entire business solution, addressing requirements in the areas of security, composing and modeling, testing, and system landscape management. Composite Application Framework The Composite Application Framework is integrated into SAP NetWeaver.It enables SAP and its partners to use tools, frameworks, rules, and methodologies to create new applications targeting cross-functional business processes. SAP Web Application Server (SAP Web AS) Almost every SAP system is based on SAP Web AS and uses this as its runtime environment. SAP Web AS combines with the database to form SAP NetWeavers applications platform.
Figure: SAP Web AS Installation Options For SAP Web AS, the following installation options are offered: SAP Web AS ABAP: Complete infrastructure in which ABAP-based applications can be developed and used. SAP Web AS Java: Complete infrastructure for developing and using J2EE-based applications. SAP Web AS ABAP+Java (so-called Add-In Installation): Complete infrastructure in which ABAP-based and J2EE-based applications can be developed and used. This installation emphasizes the seamless Java ABAP integration. Note: SAP Enterprise Portal requires a SAP Web AS Java, but can also run (as of SR1) on a SAP Web AS ABAP+Java system.
Figure: The SAP Web Application Server SAP Web AS is the logical result of further development of SAP Application Server technology (formerly also known as SAP Basis), with particular attention being paid to Web-based applications. SAP Web Application Server offers: A reliable and thoroughly tested runtime environment, continuously evolved over more than 10 years A framework for executing complex business processes that meets the highest security standards A reliable and user-friendly development environment Support for open standards, including HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, WebDAV, SOAP, SSL, SSO, X.509, Unicode, HTML, XML, and WML High Scalability Support for various operating systems and database platforms
The SAP J2EE Engine provides a runtime environment for different Java applications, for example, Enterprise Java Beans (EJB). The J2EE Engine provides runtime services for Java Server Pages (JSP) and servlets.
Figure: SAP Web AS Java A Java instance contains two node types. Java server and Java dispatcher. The Java dispatcher receives client requests and distributes them to the Java server nodes. The Java servers execute the requested Java code in a thread, access the database and make the requested web pages available. The result is then sent back to the requesting client via the dispatcher. Both type of nodes run in their own Java Virtual Machine (Java VM). It is possible to configure several server and dispatcher nodes distributed over different hosts, belonging to one SAP Web AS Java. Another process that also runs in its own Java Virtual Machine is the Software Deployment Manager (SDM). This is used to install new Java applications and to patch.
Header area: The part of the portal layout that contains the masthead, tools area, and toplevel navigation bar Masthead: contains branding elements, user identification, and the appropriate (based on the portal configuration) function links such as Help, Personalize, New Session, Log Off and Log On A link can be displayed or hidden by setting the Show Link in Masthead: <Link Name> navigation property of the Masthead iView. The Help link, by default, launches SAP Help Portal. You can customize the URL so that the link goes to a site of your choosing. To change the default Help link URL: o o o In the Portal Catalog, go to Portal Users Standard Portal Users, and open the Default Framework Page.
Select Masthead iView and click Properties. In the Property Editor, from the Property Category list, select Navigation.
o For the Help Link URL property, enter the URL of the site that you want launched when the user clicks the Help link, and save your changes. If you have configured your portal to accept anonymous users, you can add the language personalization dropdown list to the masthead, by changing the property Show Dropdown List in Masthead: Language Personalization for Anonymous Users in the Masthead iView to Yes. At runtime, anonymous users can change the portal language. If the anonymous user logs in as an authenticated user, the dropdown list disappears from the masthead, and the portal appears in the language defined for that user. Tools area: a persistent area that provides access to such key applications as real-time collaboration, or to a search component. Applications may vary based on the company and user. This area could also include features such as e-mail notification, alerts, people search, and a link to the company phone list. Top-level navigation: your entry point for navigating the content assigned to your role It displays the first-level tabs and possibly the second-level subtabs of navigation, depending upon the configuration set by the administrator. The first tab is the highest-level folder assigned to you by the portal administrator, and usually reflects the tasks of a specific work role. The contents of the folder can include pages and other folders. The second-level subtabs are a way of compartmentalizing the role into manageable tasks. When you click a subtab, you launch a page that provides relevant content. Additional roles and folders that are assigned to you, but not displayed in the top-level navigation bar, appear in a tree structure in the Detailed Navigation iView located in the navigation panel.
Page Title Bar: an iView below the header area containing items related to the currently
displayed content page. Lets you navigate to pages recently visited, as well as launch various page-specific options.
Navigation panel: the left-hand pane just below the top-level navigation bar, dedicated to
navigating content.
SAP- Enterprise Portal 11
You can reduce, enlarge, collapse, and expand the navigation panel by clicking the appropriate arrow icons.
Navigation iViews: the areas in the navigation panel related to portal navigation, all of which change contextually according to the content displayed in the content area
Detailed Navigation This iView contains links to all the content that is assigned to you, displayed in a tree format. Dynamic Navigation This area contains iViews whose user interface controls, such as dropdown lists and links, access databases and retrieve data related to the content displayed in the content area. Each link in a dynamic navigation iView is equivalent to a data record. Drag&Relate Targets This iView contains a list of links pointing to iViews that have been configured with drag-on capability, according to user permissions. When you drag data items from content iViews onto these links, you receive related information. Related Links Area This iView contains a list of links whose target topics are relevant to the iView or portal page with which you are currently working. The links are predefined on the iView and the page levels (Portal Content Studio). Clicking an object in the Related Links iView opens its content in a new browser window that can be customized. Portal Favourites iView This iView contains user-compiled links that provide direct access to KM elements, such as folders and documents, and portal navigation objects such as pages or iViews that run as fullpage applications.
Content area: The area of the portal desktop for performing tasks, and in which
administrative tools, navigation results, and portal pages with iView content are displayed
Administrative Tools in Portal:1) Content Administration: The content administrator is involved with all tasks that are relevant to content creation and maintenance.
2) User Administration: The user administrator performs all tasks that are relevant to user management and role assignments. In the portal, all user management functions related to users and groups are provided by the User Management Engine (UME). The UME is integrated in the Web Application Server Java.
3) System Administration: The system administrator is responsible for the configuration and ongoing support of the portal and its landscape. This role therefore contains configuration, maintenance, and support related functionalities.
You can also assign iViews to pages, pages to worksets, and worksets to roles.
Prerequisites
Log on to the Enterprise Portal with Content Administrator rights, and create a folder to store your documents.
Enter a folder name, folder ID, folder ID prefix, master language, and description for the folder, then choose Finish.
Repeat steps 1 to 3 to create folders under the MyFolder folder you just created. Create folders for iViews, Pages, Worksets, and Roles.
Enter the following values in the iView Wizard and then choose Next.
(optional) Choose Browse/Capture. Choose the Browse tab to preview a web site or navigate to the URL to be used as the content source for the iView. You can display the entire contents of the Web page or a portion of the Web page. To display a portion of the Web page that you want to display in the iView, choose the Capture tab. Return to the iView Wizard screen and choose Next.
Select Open for editing when wizard completes, and choose Finish.
Choose Add. In the Property Category dropdown, choose Appearance Size. In Height Type, select FULL_PAGE.
Choose Save.
Choose NewiView In the iView Wizard Select SAP Transaction iView and choose Next. Enter : Name (such as, Sales Order Create Win) iView ID ( such as, salesordercreate_win) iView ID Prefix (your companys namespace such as, com.mycompany ) Choose Next. Select SAP GUI for Window for the SAP GUI Type. Choose Next. Select the SAP R3 system alias SAP_R3 and in the Transaction Code field, enter the desired transaction code such as VA01 and choose Next. Select the check box for Open for editing when Wizard completes and choose Finish. Make modifications to the Attributes, Height Type to FULL_PAGE. Save your changes and choose Preview to preview the iView.
Choose Next.
Select 1 Column (Full Width) and 2 Columns (Wide:Narrow), select the Add button. Choose Next.
The Summary page appears. Choose Finish. Choose Open the object for editing and then OK. The Property Editor appears. In the Property Category dropdown, choose Appearance Size.
Choose Save.
Choose Portal Content Content Provided by SAP End User Content Standard Portal Users iViews. Right-click on any of the iViews (for example, com.sap.km.iviews News) and choose Add iView to Page Delta Link. Choose Save. In Display, use the dropdown to select Page Layout. Select News and drag it to Column 2 and drop.
Choose Save.
Leave the radio button at the default Open the object for editing and choose OK
The Edit Workset iView appears. Right-click on My Page you created and choose Add Page to Workset Delta Link.
Select Navigation in the Property Category dropdown list. Scroll down to the Entry Point property and select the Yes radio button.
Select Save.
Leave the radio button at the default Open the object for editing and choose OK
The Edit Role iView appears. Right-click on My Workset, which you created, and choose Add Workset to Role Delta Link.
User Administration
Overview
In this step, you can do the following activities: Create a New User Create Groups Add Roles to Users Add Users to Groups Add Roles to Groups
Select Create
Select the edit link in the row corresponding to your role A new screen appears Enter the user (i.e., newuser) you want to add to the role in the search field Select User in the dropdown list Select Start Your user will appear in the table below Check the checkbox corresponding to your user Select the Add button Select the Save button The role is now added to the user.
Choose Save.
Enter *new*
Choose the Upload button. Check the Overwrite checkbox to specify whether or not the existing content in the portal may be overwritten by the import. To start the import, choose Import. A new screen appears in which you can see the status of the import. The status of the import is updated automatically until the import has finished. Once the import has been completed, you can check if the objects were correctly imported using the log. If the import was successful, the object is given status OK.
Specify whether or not the existing content in the portal may be overwritten by the import. To start the import, choose Import. You cannot see the progress of the import.
Import Users
Prerequisites
You have a text file to upload user data
Procedure
Choose the following navigation option: To import users into the portal from a file Choose the Browse button. Navigate to your file containing the user data and choose Open. In the Enter Data: text field, enter the user data. Select the Overwrite Existing Data checkbox if you want to overwrite duplicate users. Choose the Import button. The results page will appear showing a table of successful and unsuccessful imported users.
Prerequisites
Log on to the Portal as Administrator.
Procedure
Navigate to System Administration System Configuration UM Configuration.
In Data Source, use the dropdown to select the LDAP system of your landscape.
Enter data in the fields as follows: Field Name Server Name Port User Field Data Host Name of the Directory Server Port of the LDAP directory server. Distinguished name (DN) of user that is used to connect (bind) to the LDAP directory server. cn=Directory Manager Password User Path Password of the user specified above (Only required if you have a flat hierarchy) Distinguished name of branch of directory where information about users is stored. ou=CorporateUsers,c=us,o=mycompany User Group If you have a flat hierarchy, enter the distinguished name of the branch of your directory where information about the groups of portal users is stored. If you have a groups in a tree hierarchy, enter the distinguished name of the branch of your directory where information about portal users and groups is stored. ou=CorporateGroups,c=us,o=mycompany
Choose Save All Changes to save the entire configuration (that is, data from all the tabs). Otherwise, choose Restore All Changes to undo all data you have entered on this tab. After changing settings using the configuration tool, you must restart the J2EE Engine.
Prerequisites
The SAP R/3 system must be based on SAP Web Application Server 6.20 or higher.
Procedure
Navigate to System Administration System Configuration UM Configuration. In Data Source, use the dropdown to select the following:
Choose the SAP R/3 System tab and enter the following fields:
Enter one of the following combinations of entries for the R/3 System: If you have a loadbalanced R/3 System and the file sapmsg.ini is available on every portal server: Message Server Name + (optional) Message Server Group. If you have a loadbalanced R/3 System and sapmsg.ini is not available on every portal server: Message Server Name + Message Server Host Address + Message Server Group.
If the R/3 System is not loadbalanced: Application Server Host Address + System Number Choose the Test Connection button. If your setting is correct, you will see the following message:
Close the message window. Choose Save to save the entire configuration (that is, data from all the tabs). Otherwise, choose Reset to undo all data you have entered on this tab. After changing settings using the configuration tool, you must restart the Portal server.
End-User Mapping
Prerequisites
You are logged on to the Enterprise Portal as an end user.
Procedure
To carry out the activity, choose the following navigation option: Choose the Alias for your backend system, for example SAP_R3_BP. Enter the users name and password that you want to use to log on to this system. Choose Save. Repeat the User Mapping for the other system.
Administrator Mapping
Prerequisites
You are logged on to the Portal as Administrator.
Procedure
Navigate to User Administration User Mapping
Choose the Alias for your backend system, for example SAP_R3_BP. Enter the users ID and password that you want to use to logon to this system. Choose Save. Repeat the user mapping for other systems.