SD 3026 Summer Project How Does Brain Work Tutor: Katherine Luk

Process Book

Veronica Lui Ka Suen Sugar Tsang Ka Leung Jason Wong Kam Shing Louise Yau Chi Yan

09063653D 09068380D 09336737D 09079511D

Questionnaire

We have interviewed 27 children who are from primary 3 to primary 6.

Research

According to the questionnaire, we found that every grade of primary students watch animation. Most respondents like enthusiastic animation more, such as ,,Bleach, Reborn. Also, the result shows that in an animation, primary students attach importance to content of the story and the frame. Moreover, we found that primary students are quite active in the internet. Since they use Email, Windows Messenger, facebook communicating with the others. Therefore, we can work on this direction, paying more attention on the story and the frame which can attract primary students. Also, we can put the animation on the internet and share with the primary students. These are some cartoon they like. ,, ,KERORO,,21. ((From left to right)

Educational television (ETV)

Present cartoon TV programme

Research

No full animation Human as the main character Only opening has an animation Some uses still pictures to explain events or knowledges Directly discuss some embarrassing or dif f icult issue Lack of sound effect and music

Funny and interesting Coulurful scene Some jokes Lack of knowledge teaching Violence and immoral content

Genre

Title

Moyashimon Theatre 4

Eat Real Food

A Place For Everyone

Story

Genre Point of View Method 6 Story elements

Fantasy 1st person Self-introduction Narrator Characterization

Realistic f iction 3rd person Experience of the character Familiar to the settings

Comedy 3rd person Experience of the character Exaggerated action and facial expression 7

Research

Media Point of view Character Text Picture Story elements

Book 1st person Illustrated human being Conversation, Narration Close to realistic with special illustration style Metaphor

Book 3rd person Illustrated human being and unrealistic characters Conversation Unrealistic Adventure, Metaphor

Book 3rd person Nil Information, with statistic Realistic Arrows, Footnotes

Story

Brain Stem

Brain Stem

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Media Point of view Character Text Picture Story elements

Animation 1st person Characterized unrealistic animal Lyrics, Footnotes Close to realistic with special illustration style Sing the information out

Interactive website 3rd person Nil Informative passage, Footnotes Close to realistic with special illustration style Animation

Story

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Brains mind map

Concept 1

Concept 2

Concept 3

Story

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Genre Selection of content Point of view Method Story elements

Science Fiction, Adventure Structure, Transport of message 3rd person with point of view shots Experience of character Metaphor

Realistice f iction Neurons, dream 3rd person Experience of character Metaphor, Characterization

Comedy Illusion, Transport of message, Memory 1st person Conversation, narration Metaphor, Exaggerated action and facial expression

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Storyboard - Concept 1

1st person perspective

Story

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Storyboard - Concept 2

Divide the frame into two

Story

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Storyboard - Concept 3

Illusion

Story

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Storyboard - Selected Concept

Story

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Story

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Problem: - Not enough close up - Not enough similar details between scenes to show in the same place - Reduce unnecessary scenes; develop important scenes - Not enough establish shots

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Story

Solution: - Reduce illusion and memory, only focus on transporting messages - Create more establish shots and explanation shots with actual brain pictures - Simplify the shots into two main locations 24

Problems: - Track too long not to change the position - Reduce unnecessary scenes - Not enough close up 25

Story

Solution: - Make every shots meaningful - Add more close up on introducing body parts - Replace long track with pan 26

Problems: - Diff icult to draw pan shot - Too many different background styles may confuse the audience 27

Story
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Story

Solution: - Reduce size/ timing of less important background styles - Create a real model to practise drawing pan shots 30 31

Script
S L B B L S L L (S) (L) S (SL) L30% (L70%) S B Problems: - Too many unnecessary conversation - Not enough time on the three stages

L = Elder Brother S = Younger Brother B = Both

S L() S (1)
(1)

S L (2) (3)
(2) (3)

L (4) (5)
(4)S (5)

Zoom outSL Zoom in S S S ()~ (6)

Story

(6)

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L B

()

(S) 33

S L S S L L

Story

I wanna speak f irst! () Its my turn The reason why we can see is because we have eyes Image is ref lected onto retina And optic nerve will transform the image into signals !! These are neurones. They are sending the signals to cortex area

When signals from all sides rush in, the cerebrum receives them all S ~ Then it undergoes analysis and gets to know what it is S Reassembly zone repackages the visual signals, and transmits them to the visual area in brain for identif ication L So, youll know what you see B Goodbye! S

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Animatic

Story

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Story
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Visual Style

Colourful Funny Cute Happy Colour Scheme Warm, Sharp, Primary

Fantasy Cute Warm Pastel, warm

Visual Style

Colourful exciting anxious

Colourful exciting anxious Sharp, Primary

Colour Scheme Warm, Sharp, Primary

Genre

Spongebob

Atashinchi (

Bakugan Battle Brawlers

Metal Fight Beyblade()

Visual Style
Visual Style Colourful Funny Cute Happy Colour Scheme Warm, Sharp, Primary Fantasy Cute Warm Pastel, warm

Colourful exciting anxious

Colourful exciting anxious Sharp, Primary

Borders Backgrounds Regular width Colourful Detail abstract Detail Colourful many accessories distinct colour for main characters 6 head proportion Thin body Regular width detail Sharp Realistic Colourful 3-Dimensional many accessories sharp colour for main character 5 head proportion normal proportion of hands and legs

Borders Backgrounds

Regular width

Regular width Whim Simple Abstract Colourful Detail Detailed personality shown Exaggerated expression Round shape and smooth curves Fat and short

Colour Scheme Warm, Sharp, Primary

Key props Characters

Detail Realistic Simple Colourful Colourful Distinct shapes Geometric Thin hands and legs

Key props Characters

Art

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Borders Regular width Regular width

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Concept 1

Future city and buildings Talking about future city, the idea coming into my head is cities with blue and silver buildings and lights coming out from the windows with abstract shapes. Since we are telling stories about human body, my idea is to replace the blue and silver buildings with warm and sharp colours, but keep the feeling of strong contrast, with many details and shades to create a complicated feeling of the brain.

Obvious Light sources graphic

fun and happy colour tone

Art

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The idea is to use simple and abstract shapes to create background and props. The story is divided into two parallel parts so the scene have to separate clearly. We tried to use high contrast colours for each side.

Concept 2

Art

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Different try-outs: - using similar colours on one part - trying different colours of neurones - putting character from the other concept to see if they match - similar colours on same part make scenes look more unify on one side - the lightest pink one is better - the twin brothers can match with this background Problem: outlines on characters does not match with the background 46 Solution: remove the outlines Problem: texture at back distract the focus on characters Solution: remove the texture

Art

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Concept 3

The idea is to use simple and abstract shapes to create background and props. Using large amount of dark colour replacing other colours to create a stylish feeling.

Tim Burtons Alice in Wonderland NDS

Powerpuff girls from Cartoon Network

Fosters Home for Imaginary Friends from Cartoon Network

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Problem: -texture at back distract the focus on characters -black colour is too dark

Art

Solution: -change a cleaner texture -change to grey 49

Comparison between 3 concepts

- Concept 1 is too time-consuming - Concept 2 may not catch audiences eyeballs - Concept 3 using grey colour may make the scene look dark, but it is balanced concept so far Direction: art style should be something between concept 2 and 3

Feature 1

Concept 1 Sharp colours

Concept 2 Pastel colours

Concept 3 Similar colours with layers increase interest time consuming too many colours used, lost focus

Background 01 Board held by Luk

Pros Cons

Catch attention Characters not obvious

Comfortable for audiences Hard to catch audiences attention Not exciting enough

Feature 2 Pros Cons

Obvious light source Clear focus on background Divert focus on the characters

Large space left for Whim lines & shapes the background Appears to be clean lively & attractive Clear focus Not enough elements The scene looks messy to keep audiences interest Have to be more careful on colour tone & characters Use simple & Use larger amount of geometric shapes for grey colour to replace props & character other colours faster production special & interesting style Save time Reduce colour on scene Characters may not be obvious on the scene

Feature 3

With details and shades

Pros

Increase interest

Problem: Colours too similar, not attractive enough

Solution: try other colours

Problem: Colours still not attractive enough

Solution: try other colours

Art

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Cons

Time consuming

not attractive enough

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Background 02 Eyes in Sams imagination

Art

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Problem: picture look too interesting, should look more like boring textbooks

Solution: try another style

Problem: too geometric

Solution: try another style

Problem: colour of gate is too dark, the eye cannot stand out

Solution: try another colour

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Background 03 Neurones

Problem: - too whim and random - not enough space for Sam to walk

Solution: - ref ine the lines and shapes - Lengthen the gate

Problem: too symmetric

Solution: more different style of neurones

Problem: too crowded and complicated

Solution: simplify the neurones and arrange in different way 55

Art

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Mike from Monsters Inc. of PIXAR

Personality of neurones: since they are working all day long and never get rest, they are always appears to be nervous, tired and grumpy, these personalities were trying to expressed though their single eye by giving them eye lids.

Problem: neurones are too outstanding

Solution: remove outlines of neurones

Art

Problem: -still too crowded - neurones with no difference are boring

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Solution: -reduce number of neurones - create different faces for neurones

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Background 04 Brain Factory

Use blur effects in Adobe After Effects to let audiences to focus on one layer at one time

Art

Problem: -outlines made the props too outstanding - weak feeling of depth 58

Solution: -remove outlines -adjust the brightness of each layer

Problem: -the scenes look messy - still weak feeling of depth

Solution: make use of Adobe After Effects to create depth of f ield 59

Background 05 End

Problem: -the background is too dark

Solution: change different colours

Art

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Problem: -words are too big and random - robots are too big, the scene is too crowded

Solution: -use geometric shapes to form the words - scale down the robots 61

Props
Optical Nerves

Art

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Problem: outlines distract audiences from focusing on characters

Solution: Remove outlines

Problem: Solution: -Colours does not match-try other colours -too whim - adjust anchor points

Problem: too simple outlook when appears in a close-up shot

Solution: add more details

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realistic optical nerve Button

Problem: button does not show what to control

Solution: use colours similar with the gate

Problem: the button is not sharp

Solution: use the previous version instead 65

Art

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Brain Factory Sketches

Stage 1 Receive - Brush

Act like cleaning machine to welcome the incoming message

Art

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Problem: outlines distract audiences from focusing on characters

Solution: Remove outlines

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Stage 1 Receive - Shower

Stage 1 Receive - Gate

Alarm on the top change to green when message ball pass through the checking process

Art

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Stage 1 Receive - Stamp

a process to represend the message has been checked

Stage 2 Analyze - X-ray

Message ball pass: show the message of Robot form of Luk, which was the message received by the eye earlier

Luk pass though will show his skeleton just like normal x-ray

Problem: stamp is not obvious

Solution: make the stamp bigger

Problem: too much steps for receive

Solution: cut out this step

Art

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Stage 2 Analyze - Graph

Little characters look similar with neurones represending brain cells are operating these mechanic things actually

Stage 3 Reform - Break And Form Break: Mechanic arms with needle end to break the message ball

Form: Just like blowing bubbles, message will pass the circle and form a ball

Problem: look too mechanic

Art

Solution: use more curves and try add some patterns of brain

Problem: too complicated process, no time for animation

Solution: do not separate the reform into 2 steps 73

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Stage 3 Reform - Transformation Transformation: Use mechanic hands to create a mess and the message transform into something new

Problem: look too mechanic

Art

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Solution: use more curves and try using cartoon hands instead

Problem: the message after reform look too similar with that before

Solution: besides changing the shape, change the colour too 75

Stage 4 Send

Transformation: Use mechanic hands to create a mess and the message transform into something new

Robot Luk In the imagination of Sam, everything become mechanic, including his brother, Luk, so here comes the robot form of Luk

Robot Sam Besides Luk, Sam also imagined himself as robot too

Art

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Reference

Mr.Bean

Character

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Proportion of characters: - The protagonist, Dans head is occupy 1/5 portion of the whole, remaining part is their body - limbs are not too thin or too fat. - ike a real human

Proportion of characters: - They have big head which is occupy 1/3 portion of the whole - limbs are thin and their palms are small

Proportion of characters: - Mr. Bean has a big head which is occupy 1/2 portion of the whole - limbs are thin but his palms are quite big 79

Concept 1
Sketches

Style:Japanese Feature:Many details Diff iculties:Need a lot of time to animate Selection:Like a explorer

Character

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Concept 2
Sketches

Style:Simple Feature:Head and body are linked Diff iculties:Diff icult to stand out from the background Selection:Match with comical atmosphere

Character

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Concept 3
Sketches

Style:American Feature:Exaggerated Diff iculties:Need more imagining when animating Selection:Pretty face can gain audiences love

Character

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Character personality (preliminary)

Adding some personalities to characters can make them more lively

Luk

Further Development

Sam

Character

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Sam

Sam

Top three of Luk

Selection

Top three of Sam

Character

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Silhouettes

Ref ine Process

Luk

Sam

Character

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Problems: -their outlooks are too similar -audience cannot identify who they are -their heads are too large -their pose is too similar -their personality cannot stand out

Solution: -retune their body ratio -change their poses 91

Accessories

Prof ile

Character

Different accessories have different meaning

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Name Luk(English)(Chinese) Sex Male Age 12 Personality Tidy, wordy Favorite color Blue Favorite food Apple, healthy food Favorite TV programme Discovery Channel Favorite Cartoon Doreaemon Hobbies Hiking to a lake Reading books Dislike Dirty, his little brother (a bit)

Sam(English)(Chinese) Male 8 Smart, impatient Yellow chocolate, potato chips Keroro Keroro Playing basketball Mechanic things Boring

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Facial Expressions

Character

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Animation Principle
Pose to pose animation offers great deal of control Stretch and squash makes animation more enaging shapes can only be distorted as long as they maintain volume Anticipation adds punch to the main movement helps audiences follow the action

Character Movement
Realistic approach Limited approach

Props Movement
Stylized approach

Timing and action Changes in timing after the meaning of action

Animation

Effective pause Builds tension and heighten emotion, clarity and emphasis within performance Timing and mood Timing is the hidden factor for creating mood The relationship between timing and mood affects not only action but also structure

It can make movement more nuanced and less mechanical while also giving characters greater substance. This makes characters feel more real and extends their capacity for performance. In realistic animation, the broad and f ine movements used by living creatures to express emotion are analyzed and recreated. To recreate a literal expression of emotion is one of realistic animation great strengths, which open up possibilities for performance which is both subtle and sustainable.

Limited animation can also be used to keep an audience aware that what they are looking at is art and not a simulation of reality. Limited animation can efficiently create many facial expressions with a relatively small amount of artwork and how new effects can be created by combining very limited body movement with fuller movement.

There are no limits on the use of imagination. Stylized animation is given license to explore territory which could be too sensitive or weird for realism to touch.

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Reference: http://bryanheisey.com/blog/?p=1

Virtual camera in Flash

Give an array of features: - Rotation - Blur - Brightness / Contrast - Hue / Saturation

Pan left and zoom in

Zoom out and Pan left

Alter the size of Vcam can change the size of scene

Animation

Problem: Cannot render JPG sequence of the stage

Solution: Render mov f ile and put it in Adobe After Effects and Premiere to alter

Zoom in(Close up) and Pan left

Zoom in and Zoom out

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S_holdhead: Pose to pose Pose to pose makes the movement smooth and f luent S_pressbutton: Anticipation There is an anicipation before Sam press button

Button: Stretch and squash Apply Stretch and squash on the string of button.

Gate: follow through By adding follow through action the gate is more dynamic.

S_cleanhand: dust The origin of movement we uses the front size of Sam. But the silhouette is not distinctive. So we change to use front view of Sam to do this motion.

Animation

L_takeboard: Pose to pose We change hand as f ist that make Luk more like taking a board.

L_bend

Dust Also,we apply dust to enhance the movement.

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S_talk: limited approach The origin of movement we uses is the front size of Sam, but it is strange when Sam talking in front view. So we decide use front view again. By limited approach, it emphasize the facial expression on Sam talking.

There is a pause when Sam meet Luk.

Optical Nerve: Stretch and squash Apply Stretch and squash when it sucks the robot in the tube.

Animation

Using dotted line to emphasize the robot

Using dotted line to emphasize the route of transformation.

L_lend

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Message ball: Stretch and squash, follow through By adding Stretch and squash and follow through, the message ball become lively.

Neurones: Shape tween

Animation

L_takeball

L_passball: walk cycle

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S_sitball:

Receive zone: change the colour to catch the audiences attention

Animation

L_talk: walk cycle

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Belt: loop the counter-line to create the motion Gear: use shades to create the movement

Brush: change colour to create the motion Gate: change the light colour and loop

S_swim: full approach, Stretch and squash Because audience would see all part of Sam, we apply full approach. It lets the whole movement f luent. Also stretch when he straightens his body and squash when he stores energy.

Animation

Shower: Water effect

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S_coverear: limited approach

X-ray machine

Reform mechanic hands: shape tween

S_talk2: limited approach Again., it emphazise the facial expression on Sam talking.

Animation

Skull: Pose to pose

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S_talk2: limited approach

S_f ight: limited approach

S_pulldown: Anticipation When Sam jump up to the top of scene, there is anticipation before he pulldown the gate.

Animation

React zone: change the colour to catch the audiences attention

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Animation
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Model of the Brain Factory

Post-Production

Problem: - Not able to storyboard pan shots

Solution: - Create a model to practise the closest to reality pan shot 117

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Reference video for zooming in the Brain Factory

Post-Production

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Subtitles

Post-Production

Problems: - Not obvious enough - The colours of subtitle and outline are too similar 120

Problems: - Not obvious enough - White shadow does not f it the animation

Style: Orca White 80 Chinese font: Sim Hei English font: Trebuchet MS Font size: 40% 121

Squeeze toys

Higher pitch Luk: speaking slow and idle last syllables last long Lower pitch Sam: Ivan (MM Student) sounded very exciting Great emotion shown Pitch too high to be a boy - take as emotion reference Ernesto (MM Student) talks casually and clearly Sounded not exciting enough pitch too low - talks casually attracts audience to listen Veronica (Group mate) Understand well about mood and emotions of the character sounded like boy talks fast, exciting but clear - Chosen Luk: Pak Yu (MM Student) Sounded idle words are not clear pitch not low enough - idle mood maybe boring Loretta (MM Student) sounded like boy talks casually and clearly Sounded idle but not boring Breathing sound recorded - take idle mood as reference Louise (Group mate) Understand well about mood and emotions of the character sounded like boy talks idle, slow but not boring - Chosen

Selection

The pool of Tears.mp3 Selected from from Are You Alice O.S.T - Rock a bye. Sound Library Too spooky Too slow Rhuubarbidoo.mp3 from Go Go Smear The Poison Ivy Too much special effects Too weird

Music and Sound

Roles Background Music prevent too quite in parts with no voice-over create mood at the beginning Funny Chirpy Playful a bit spooky Brisky Exciting Sound Voice-over provide details of Narration of story props provide details of enrich animation characters' personality Stylized General: Out-of-ordinary Clear words Interesting show emotion Sound like boys aged 8-12 Optical nerve: Slot machine Sam: speaking fast Neurones: Always exciting Squeeze toys Higher pitch Luk: speaking slow and idle last syllables last long Lower pitch Sam: Ivan (MM Student) sounded very exciting Great emotion shown Pitch too high to be a boy - take as emotion reference Ernesto (MM Student) talks casually and clearly Sounded not exciting enough pitch too low - talks casually attracts audience to listen Veronica (Group mate)

Welcome to wonderland.mp3 from Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days O.S.T Match with rhythm of animation Too many instruments Too rich Monochrome Dreams.mid from Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days O.S.T Match with rhythm of animation sounds too much like carnival Welcome to wonderland.mid from Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days O.S.T Match with rhythm of animation Some instruments are too loud Some instruments does not match - Edit in GarageBand

Lip Sync

Idea

Post-Production

Selection

The pool of Tears.mp3 Selected from from Are You Alice O.S.T - Rock a bye. Sound Library Too spooky Too slow Rhuubarbidoo.mp3 from Go Go Smear The Poison Ivy Too much special effects Too weird

Draw 8 lip expressions in happy emotion Reuse most of the lip expressions on two brothers

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Welcome to wonderland.mp3 from Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days O.S.T Match with rhythm of animation Too many instruments Too rich

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Opening
Many cartoons have a badge like title as the opening. As our animation is like an episode from a series, it would be great to have an opening like this displaying all our characters.

Title badge of Microbe theatre

Post-Production

Insert dialogue Convert the lips into symbol Insert the symbol according to the pronunciation 124 125

Post-Production
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Rolling

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Story and Content

Survey

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Technique and Skills

Survey

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Response and outcome

Summary

Over 60% children feel the story is interesting. About 60% children think the f low of story is f luent. Almost 70% children like the colourful scene. Almost 70% children like the character. Over 60% think the motion is smooth. About 60% love the music and sound. 70% increase the knowledge of brain. Around 60% raised interest in human biology.

Survey

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Achievements
We are no longer primary students, so we ask the currents what they think about our animation. They scored our work in different aspect for 5 the highest and 1the lowest. We are proud to tell you that 70% of them increase their knowledge of brain and over 60% of them raise interest in science after watching our animation. We applied metaphor well to let audience understand the brain easily.

Survey

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