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The Telecom sector constitutes 24% of the CO2 emissions of the ICT sector The ICT sector constitutes 4% of the total CO2 emissions
Alarming !The Mobile sector will constitute about 51% of the emissions by 2020
Estimationofcarbonfootprint
The Carbon footprints in the telecom industry (CT) could be broadly divided into four categories in the Access network:(i) Carbon footprint from Landline (CL) (ii) Carbon footprint from Mobile (CM) (iii) Carbon footprint from Fixed Broadband (CFB) (iv) Carbon footprint from FTTx (CFT The other THREE vital blocks that add to the Carbon footprints of the telecom network are:(i) Carbon footprint from Core Network (which includes edge / core Routers / NGN /softswitches / IP Cores /all core items / data centers / all centralized sub systems / peripherals ) (CC) (ii) Carbon footprint from Aggregrators or Backhaul (CA) (iii) Carbon footprint from Transmission Networks (CTX) There are also various other factors of the Life Cycle Assessment LCA.
Methods for reducing Carbon Footprints Better network planning Infrastructure Sharing Adoption of energy efficient equipment and innovative technologies Improvement in supply of Grid Power Use of Renewable sources of energy
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c) d)
21/11/2008
TRAI
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Adoption of energy efficient equipment and innovative technologies a) Intelligent shutdown of TRXs b) By modifying BTS as outdoor units in place of Indoor BTS, substantial savings could be achieved in cooling. c) An Integrated BTS with transmission backhaul system could be planned for future networks .
Improvement in supply of Grid Power a) 67% of OPEX costs is because of energy. b) Only 70% of the telecom towers have grid/Electricity Board power availability of less than 12 hours. (The national average is only 13.5 hrs per day ) c) On improvement in grid supply, the CO2 emissions levels could be reduced. d) Grid power to rural BTS sites should be provided on priority 12 basis.
A phased programme should be put in place by the telecom service providers to have their cell sites, particularly in the rural areas, powered by hybrid renewable sources including wind energy, solar energy, fuel cells or a combination thereof. The eventual goal under this phased programme is to ensure that around 50% of all towers in the rural areas are powered by hybrid renewable sources by the year 2015. Service providers should evolve a Voluntary Code of Practice encompassing energy efficient network planning , active infra sharing , deployment of energy efficient technologies and adoption of renewable energy sources.
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Standardization
The energy efficiency is reported by a factor called Energy consumption rating [ECR] (W/Gbps) . It is calculated as an energy consumption normalized to effective throughput. In other words, we assume the more energy-efficient network system to be the one that can transport more data (in bits) using the same energy budget (in Joules). [ ECR= E / T] , where E denotes the maximum energy consumption (in watts) and T denotes the effective system throughput (in bits per second) The tests should cover all the following different scenarios:Energy Consumption in relation to dynamically changing load Energy Consumption in relation to Statically changing load Component level energy footprint. Embedded energy monitoring capabilities. Collateral Energy Management.
The results obtained from the tests Nos 1 to 4 forms the energy passport of the product under test, can be used directly by consumers for evaluation and energy planning purposes. Comparing product metrics will allow the service providers to had energy efficiency to purchase criteria. Normalization of the energy consumption to the highest sustained throughput recorder will be estimate of best technology level. Energy billing estimates over a period of time (Operational Cost) C could also have to be determined. This will help the service provider to estimate the best product i.e. energy efficient with respect to cost over a period of time.
Normalized
ECR =
0.8
0.533
0.3733
0.32
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