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To address the challenges most experienced by most low lux cameras today we adopted the Johnson Criteria to describe night vision performance. The criteria provides end users a standard framework for evaluating night vision performance.
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Illuminate an area for the CCTV system Improve the overall level of illumination for key personnel Provide a welcoming environment for authorized personnel Deter crime by illuminating a secure area on intrusion Can be used with monochrome, color and day/night cameras
Infrared - 715-730 nm: Overt IR, produces a soft red glow - 815-850 nm: Semi-covert IR, produces a faint red glow just visible to the human eye - 940-950 nm: Covert IR, invisible to the human eye
Use cases:
Provide discreet or covert illumination for CCTV cameras Minimize light pollution Provide very long-distance illumination Can be used with monochrome and day/night cameras
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Lets talk about infrared illumination How far does your light shine?
The main problem in designing a CCTV system when incorporating infrared illumination is that infrared light cannot be measured in lux. How do you specify camera sensitivity? How do you know what will be seen at various distances? How sensitive are different cameras to infrared light? How are spectral diagrams to be interpreted and the effect of the lens?
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Absorption: Some surfaces actually absorb light. Colored surfaces absorb some light and reflect the remainder. A black surface absorbs most of the light falling on it. The light energy is usually turned into heat, so dark materials heat up easily. For example, black paint will absorb light but a white colored cement wall could reflect approximately 40-50% light back to the source.
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Materials have different reflective levels with white light and infrared light. For example, trees and grass have a very high level of reflectance to infrared light.
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
Gamma Ray
X-Ray
Radio
Radio
730nm
1100nm
Visible Light what the camera sees what the human eye sees
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Image quality that is affected by the signal level received at the CCD sensor. Performance parameters must be clearly defined up front: What are the customers expectations?
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TDN uses a removable infrared cut filter in color mode and an optical low-pass filter (OLPF) in black and white mode, guaranteeing optimal image quality at any time of day and good quality color rendering. SDN does not use a removable infrared cut filter but typically uses an infrared notch filter. Depending on the spectral response, low light sensitivity and daytime color rendering are not as good as TDN.
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Focusing the camera correctly for low light performance means the camera will be focused for infrared with the aperture fully open. During daytime operation, the increased depth of field created by a closing aperture will counter the effects of focus shift. The best solution is to focus the camera using only infrared lighting. This can be achieved by:
Setting up the camera at night using infrared lighting Using an infrared pass filter over the camera lens to simulate a night-time scene
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Questions?
If you have questions or would like additional information, please contact Honeywell Inside Sales at 1-800-796-2288.
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