TETRA FUEL TECHNOLOGY

S.rajasekhar III B.TECH rajasekhar344@gmail.com 9010257206

K.N.T.Mallesh III B.TECH kalakandamallesh@gmail.com 9959982067

DEPARTMENT OF MECHNICAL ENGINEERING BVC ENGG.COLLEGE ODALAREVU

Paper submitted at the national level technical symposium To be held S.R.K.R.ENGINEERING COLLEGE Bhimavaram.

MULTIFUEL ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM

ABSTRACT :
The main aim is to develop an Engine control system that lets cars run on Gasoline,Ethanol,blends of two liquids, compressed Natural Gas(Tetra Fuels) in any climatic conditions and also helps in controlling emissions. Multifuel technology starts looking like a bridge from petroleum to other possible technologies and fuels The software Flexfuel sensor embedded in a engine control system gives the power of choice of fueling,making possible use of gasoline,alcohol or a blend of The system chooses the best fuel option for each driving condition,without the need of switches or power loss when using CNG both in any proportion. Another Technology introduced in this control system(TetraFuel Injection Technology) is able to manage four types of fuels with only one Electronic Control Unit(ECU), allowing the vehicle to run with gasoline,alcohol,gasohol or CNG-compressed natural gas The system chooses the best fuel option for each driving condition,without the need of switches or power loss when using CNG

INTRODUCTION
In the United States and Europe,the studies were based on a physical sensor capable of measuring the level of Methanol, and later Ethanol Blended with Gasoline. Using that sensors, Bosch Engineers in Brazil developed a prototype flex vehicle that run on any blend of Gasoline And Ethanol. Ethanol,Natural gas and other alternative fuels could become more attractive despite their much smaller distribution networks,put it all together and multifuel Technology starts looking like a bridge from Petroleum to other possible Technologies and Fuels. The brain of the Tetra fuel technology is the Electronic Control Unit(ECU). This ECU has the same basic hardware a 16 bit Microcontroller, some memory, and some

communications interfaces-found in the ECUs churned out by the millions for cars around the world . The ECU software in the Tetra fuel technology is not some soupedup fuel injector or breakthrough in combustion chamber design .Its just code running on the microcontroller under the hood. required increasingly sophisticated control units.The smarter ECUs are necessary to burn the fuel efficiently and smoothly,which in turn yields optimum engine performance at acceptable fuel economy and tailipipe emission levels. An ECU commands an engines operations in series of steps .First it measures how much air is going into the cylinder when you press down on the gas pedal,which , its name notwithstanding,actually regulates the flow of air into the engine. The key component in this approach is an oxygen probe that sits at the engines exhaust manifold. Its function is to sense the amount of residual oxygen after combustion, a measurement that helps the ECU fine tune the air-fuel mixture. If it detects say, too much oxygen in the exhaust, the ECU increases the fuel going in to the cylinders. It then checks the oxygen level again,repeating the process every few milliseconds untill the mixture is precisely adjusted to the stoichiometric ratio. As you change the accelerator position,you have changed air flow and you need an increase in the amount of fuel to keep everything happy. be 14.6:1,while for pure ethanol the ratio is 9:1;For gasoline ethanol mixtures you need intermediate ratios. The ECU caliculate how much fuel it needs to inject based on this airfuel proportion.Next the ECU activates a spark plug to burn the air and fuel mixed in the combustion chamber .The expanding gases push the piston down ,moving the crankshaft,which rotates the cars wheels. Burning your mixture at the right instant is cruisial for good engine operation.

Software flex fuel sensor (s f s ):

The SFS, a powerful calculation software,is placed in the electronic injection module, also known as centraline or electrocontrounit(ECU). SFS identifies and quantifies the combination of alcohol and gasoline in the tank, using information received from sensors installed throughout the fuel injection system, among them the Lambda sensor, engines temperatures, speed, rotation and

knock sensors. Based on these information, the software determines the exact amount of fuel that needs to be injected in the engine and also the optimal spark plug timing to ignite the mixture. The first version of a flexible system appeared in the 80s, in the United States, but it required the inclusion of a physical sensor to analyze the fuel, an unnecessary item in the case of SFS, which raised the price of the vehicle and still could not be used in Brazil due to the amount

SOFTWARE FLEX FUEL SENSOR(SFS)

TETRAFUEL TECHNOLOGY
The TetraFuel technologyAfter the pioneer work, necessary to introduce the SFS (Software Flex-fuel Sensor) technology in Brazil, Magneti Marelli innovates again presenting the new TetraFuel System. The Magneti Marelli TetraFuel system provides within a single ECU (Electronic Control Unit) an extension of the fuel management capability to four different fuel types, thus enabling a vehicle to be fuelled on choice with gasoline, gasohol (blend of gasoline mixed with 22% alcohol), pure alcohol or CNG (Compressed Natural Gas).

TetraFuel advantages
Beyond facilitating the export of Brazilian produced vehicles, the technology reduces drastically the conversion/retrofit cost for a change to CNG. As by means of the TetraFuel technology the gas management capability is available as original equipment a series of electric and electronic separate devices, necessary for todays adaptation, can be eliminated. This is possible by use of the original Magneti Marelli custom-chip, which within one single ECU can control the optimized use of both gasoline and gas.

The system offers to the car manufacture an important cost optimization as an identical engine layout can be produced for all Mercosul countries or other continents, which unifies production means and structures for both export and domestic markets.

The TetraFuelapproach chooses automatically the fuel option for each driving situation to reach the optimal compromise between performance and fuel economy. adaptation, as are current retrofit systems,decreases significantly pollutant emissions and in particular the GHG-emission (Green House Gas i.e. co2).

CONCLUSIONS
In the meantime flex Technology and Ethanol could make Energy Production more regionalized, with countries producing Biofuels where there is arable land and favorable weather. As concerns about high oil prices and greenhouse gas emissions drive legislation that is pushing demand for such alternative fuels as Ethanol to record levels in many countries, the allure of such an engine is not hard to fathom.