Kabaddi

, Marathi: Kabaddi (sometimes transliterated Kabbadi or Kabadi; Punjabi: , Hindi: , Bengali: s,Urdu: , Persian: , Kannada: , , Telugu: , Malayalam: ) is a South Asian team sport.The , Tamil: name derives from the Tamil word ( ) "kai" (hand), "pidi" (catch), which could be translated into "Holding Hands".[citation needed] Two teams occupy opposite halves of a field and take turns sending a "raider" into the other half, in order to win points by tackling members of the opposing team; the raider then tries to return to his own half, holding his breath and chanting the word "Kabaddi" during the whole raid. The raider must not cross the lobby unless he touches any of his opponents. If he does so then he will be declared as "out". In the international team version of kabaddi, two teams of seven members each occupy opposite halves of a field of 10 m 13 m in case of men and 8 m 12 m in case of women.[1] Each has three supplementary players held in reserve. The game is played with 20-minute halves and a five-minute halftime break during which the teams exchange sides. Teams take turns sending a "raider" to the opposite team's half, where the goal is to tag or wrestle ("confine") members of the opposite team before returning to the home half. Tagged members are "out" and temporarily sent off the field. The goal of the defenders is to stop the raider from returning to the home side before taking a breath.If any of the seven players cross the lobby without touching the raider he will be declared as "out". The raider is sent off the field if:
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the raider takes a breath before returning or the raider crosses boundary line or a part of the raider's body touches the ground outside the boundary (except during a struggle with an opposing team member).

Each time when a player is "out", the opposing team earns a point. A team scores a bonus of two points, called a "lona", if the entire opposing team is declared "out". At the end of the game, the team with the most points wins. Matches are categorised based on age and weight. Six officials supervise a match: one referee, two umpires, a scorer and two assistant scorers.

Forms of Kabaddi [edit] Amar

In the 'Amar' form of Kabaddi, whenever any player is touched (out), he does not go out of the court, but stays inside, and one point is awarded to the team that touched him. This game is also played on a time basis, i.e. the time is fixed. This form of kabaddi is played in Punjab, Canada, England, New Zealand, USA, Pakistan and Australia. In the Amar form of Kabaddi, each team consists of 56 stoppers and 45 raiders. At one time, only 4 stoppers are allowed to play on the field. Every time a stopper stops the raider from going back to his starting point, that stoppers team gets 1 point. On the other hand, every time the raider tags one of the stoppers and returns to his starting point, his team gets one point. At one time, only one of the stoppers can try.dimensions are 10m x 13m.
[edit] Sanjeevni

In Sanjeevni Kabaddi, one player is revived against one player of the opposite team who is out, one out, one in. The duration, the number of players, dimensions of the court, etc. have been fixed by the Kabaddi Federation of India. This form of Kabaddi is the closest to the present game. In this form of Kabaddi, players are put out and revived and the game lasts 40 minutes with a 5-minute break in between. There are nine players on each side. The team that puts out all the players on the opponent's side scores four extra points for a 'Iona'. The winning team is the one that scores most points after 40 minutes. The field is bigger in this form of Kabaddi and the 'chant' different in various regions. Modern Kabaddi resembles this form of Kabaddi especially with regard to 'out & in system' and 'Iona'. The present form of Kabaddi is a synthesis of all these forms with changes in the rules.[2][3]
[edit] Gaminee

This is played with nine players on either side, in a field of no specific measurements. The characteristic is that a player put out has to remain out until all his team members are out. The team that is successful in putting out all the players of the opponent's side secures a point. This is akin to the present system of 'Iona'. After all the players are put out, the team is revived and the game continues. The game continues until five or seven 'Iona' are secured. This form of Kabaddi has no fixed game time. The main disadvantage of Gaminee is that the player is not in position to give his best performance since he is likely to remain out for the better part of the match until an Iona is scored.[

History and development

Modern Kabaddi is a synthesis of the game played in various forms under different names.[2] Kabaddi received international exposure during the 1936 Berlin Olympics, demonstrated by Hanuman Vyayam Prasarak Mandal, Amaravati, Maharashtra. The game was introduced in the Indian Olympic Games at Calcutta in 1938. In 1950 the All India Kabaddi Federation came into existence and compiled standard rules. The Amateur Kabaddi Federation of India (AKFI) was founded in 1973. After formation of the Amateur Kabaddi Federation of India, the first men's nationals were held in Madras (re-named Chennai), while the women's were in Calcutta (renamed Kolkata) in 1955.The AKFI has given new shape to the rules and has the right to modify them. The Asian Kabaddi Federation was founded under the chairmanship of Mr. Janardan Singh Gehlot. The first men's kabaddi nationals championship on Mat and indoor Stadium were held in Pune and this championship Organiz by BADAMI HAUD SANGH Pune. Kabaddi was introduced and popularized in Japan in 1979. The Asian Amateur Kabaddi Federation sent Prof. Sundar Ram of India to tour Japan for two months to introduce the game. In 1979, a return test between Bangladesh and India was held at different places of India including Mumbai, Hyderabad, and Punjab. The Asian Kabaddi Championship was arranged in 1980 and India emerged as champion and Bangladesh runner-up. Bangladesh became runner-up again in 1985 in the Asian Kabaddi Championship held in Jaipur, India. The other teams in the tournament were Nepal, Malaysia and Japan. The game was included for the first time in the Asian Games in Beijing in 1990. India, China, Japan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Bangladesh took part. India won the gold medal and has also won gold at the following six Asian Games in Hiroshima in 1994, Bangkok in 1998, Busan in 2002, Doha in 2006 and Guangzhou in 2010. An attempt to popularise kabaddi in Great Britain was carried out by Channel 4, who commissioned a programme dedicated to the sport. The show, Kabaddi in the early 1990s, however, failed to capture viewer attention despite fixtures such as West Bengal Police versus the Punjab. Kabaddi was axed in 1992, but not before its presenter Krishnan Guru-Murthy suffered a collapsed lung while participating in the sport.[4][better source needed] Alt-rock band The Cooper Temple Clause formed a kabbadi team in 2001 and were, at one stage, ranked seventh in the British domestic standings.[4][better source needed] In the 1998 Asian games the Indian Kabaddi team defeated Pakistan in a thrilling final match at Bangkok (Thailand). The chief coach of the team was former kabaddi player and coach Flt. Lt. S P Singh

Rules of Kabadi
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The ground of Kabadi measures 13 meters by 10 meters and is divided by a middle line in to two halves. The ground should be in level of soft. The side that wins the toss has the choice of the court or the ride. In the second halves the courts are changed and the other side shall send their rider first. If any player goes out of the boundary line during the course of the play, he is out. A player is out if any part of his body is touching the ground out side the boundary. During the struggle a player shall not be out if any part of his body is touching directly the court or a player who is inside the court. The rider must enter the opponent s court with the cant. The opponents try to catch the rider and hold him till his cant breaks. Then he is out. If the rider returns to his court with his cant after touching an anti-rider, that opponent is out. After a rider has reached his court is out in the opponent s court the opponents will send their rider immediately. Thus alternately each side shall send its riders until the game is over. If a rider in a opponent s court loses his breath, he shall be out. Each side shall score one point for each opponent who is out. The duration of time shall be two halves of 20 minutes each. The side which scores the highest number of points at the end all play shall be declared a winner.

Skills of kabadi
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Holding breath Raid Dodging Movement of hand and foot Formation Safe Raid Holding Kick

Kabbadi
Got a bunch of people, a big open space and nothing else to do? How about a round of Kabaddi? Kabaddi is a game of speed, strength, strategy and, most importantly, lungpower. Nothing much is known for certain about the origin of this game. There is, however, concrete evidence that the game is 4,000 year old, developed to help soldiers strength and tactical skills. It is a team sport and combines the characteristics of wrestling and rugby. It was originally meant to develop self-defence, in addition to responses to attack, and reflexes of counter attack by individuals, and by groups or teams. It is a rather simple and inexpensive game, and requires neither a massive playing area, nor any expensive equipment. This explains the popularity of the game in rural India. Kabaddi is played all over Asia with minor variations. Kabaddi is known by various names viz. Chedugudu or Hu-Tu-Tu in southern parts of India, Hadudu (Men) and Chu - Kit-Kit (women) in eastern India, and Kabaddi in northern India. The sport is also popular in Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Japan and Pakistan and increasingly so in China, the US and the UK. The first world Kabaddi championship in the history of the game, was organised in Hamilton when approximately 14,000 people packed Copps Coliseum, to watch stars from India, Pakistan, Canada, England, and the United States compete. The Kabaddi Federation of India (KFI) was founded in 1950, and it compiled a standard set of rules. The Amateur Kabaddi Federation of India (AKFI) was founded in 1973. The AKFI has given new shape to the rules, and it has also the rights of modification in the rules. How To Play In Kabaddi, two teams compete with each other for higher scores, by touching or capturing the players of the opponent team. Each team consists of 12 players, of which seven are on court at a time, and five in reserve. The two teams fight for higher scores, alternating defence and offense. The court is as large as that for a dodge ball game. The game consists of two 20 minute halves, with a break of five minutes for change of sides.

The Kabaddi playing area is 12.50m x 10m, divided by a line into two halves. The side winning the toss sends a raider, who enters the opponents' court chanting, 'Kabaddi-Kabaddi'. The raider's

aim is to touch as many players on the opposing side as possible, and return to his court in one breath.

Any person, whom the raider touches, will then be out. The aim of the opposing team, will be to hold the raider, and stop him from returning to his own court, until he takes another breath. If the raider cannot return to his court in the same breath while chanting 'Kabaddi', he will be declared out.

Each team alternates in sending a player into the opponents' court. If a player goes out of the boundary line during the course of the play, or if any part of his body touches the ground outside the boundary, he will be out, except during a struggle. The side that wins the toss has the choice of the court or the raid, In the second half, the side is changed and the side that had not sent the raider first sends its raider first. The game in the second half continues with the same number of players as there were at the end of the first half. Lona The team scores a lona ( a bonus of two points), if the entire opposition is declared out. The game then continues by putting all the players on both sides. Matches are staged on the basis of age-groups, and weight. Seven officials supervise a match - one referee, two umpires, two linesmen, a time keeper and a scorer. Variant Forms Of Kabaddi

In India, Kabaddi is recognised in three forms:

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Surjeevani Gaminee Amar

The 'Surjeevani' form of Kabaddi is the most widely played and is formalised by the Kabaddi Federation of India, governed by its rules and regulations. In the 'Surjeevani' form of Kabaddi, one player is revived against one player of the opposite team who is out. i.e. one out, one in. The duration of the game, the number of players, the dimensions of the court, etc. have been fixed by the Kabaddi Federation of India. In the 'Gaminee' type of Kabaddi, there is no revival. When all the players of team are out, the game ends. So there is no time limit in this form. In the Amar form of Kabaddi, each team consists of 5-6 stoppers and 4-5 raiders. At one time, only 4 stoppers are allowed to play on the field. Every time a stopper stops the raider from going back to his starting point, that stoppers team gets 1 point. on the other hand, every time the raider tags one of the stoppers and returns to his starting point, his team gets one point. At one time, only one of the stoppers can try to stop the raider. If more than one touch the raider, an automatic point is awarded to the raider's team. If the stopper is pushed out by the raider or vice versa, then the team whose member is still in the field gets a point. If both the raider and the stopper go out, the result is a common point, where nobody gets a point. In the northern part of India, i.e. Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi, this game is played in a circle. This is known as 'Circle Kabaddi' or Amar Kabaddi. If it is played without a court, as in some places, it's called 'Goongi Kabaddi'. The Goongi Kabaddi is nothing but wrestling between two players. Terminology a. Midline: This is the line that divides the playfield into two halves b. Court: Each half of the playfield divided by the midline is known as the court. c. Cant: The continuous clear sounding recitation aloud of the approved word ' Kabaddi' within the course of one respiration is called cant. d. Raider: The player who enters the court of the opponent with the cant is known as a raider. e. Anti-raider or anti: Every player of the team in whose court the raid is being made, is called an anti-raider or anti. f. Losing the cant: To stop the continuous and clear sounding chant of the word Kabaddi or to take breath during a cant is known losing the cant. A cant must be started and finished within the same respiration. g. Struggle: When the raider touches an anti or an anti touches a raider, the struggle begins. An Unproductive raid is when the raider makes no contact with the other players before running out of breath and returning to his own side. These result in no score by either team, and if a team does three of these in a row, they concede a point to the other side.