CHAPTER 1 Problem and Its Background Introduction One of the challenges that one must conquer is going to college.

The higher level the students go, the more responsibilities they must obtain. Then, there comes more pressure. This pressure may lead the students to failure. There applies various teaching strategies that

could help students improve what they have to learn. One of that is letting the students watch documentary films. Documentary Films are like lectures that help in visualizing the contents for students. In todays time, schools and colleges all over the country are using documentary films in expanding their students knowledge. In Centro Escolar University, professors make use of films to help students understand what they needed to learn. The films contain significant values that are used for the common good of the students. The group 3 of BSN-2D would identify the benefits of

documentary films to the level 1 of College of Nursing. In doing so, the students of this group would apply what they had learned in the latter levels of their college life.

Background of study In this course of Nursing, some topics are not understood by teaching alone. Most Students do not grasp teachings of their

professors immediately especially if they do not see or imagine how something turns into something else. Passes through certain

passages, or how a procedure is done from one step to another. Some get confused, which also a course of students not being able to comprehend observations what of the teachers are explaining. were Due to on the how

the

BSN-2D

students,

intrigued

documentary films affect learning on students and if it was effective enough. Settings of the Study The research study was conducted in Centro Escolar University Makati campus located at Gil Puyat Ave., Makati City, Philippines. The research study was conducted on November 21, 2009.

Figure 1 The Map of Makati City Conceptual Framework Film is the output of the writers concept. It is classified under a different genre: Horror, Suspense, Action, Comedy, Romance and Documentary Film. In a school setting, they use documentary films as an alternative teaching strategy for topics that are difficult to visualize. It serves as an instrument to see more than what we ought to see what their lives are about compared to the viewers. The 1st year Nursing students of Centro Escolar University Makati often use this type of learning reference to add information, to perceive lessons and to understand complicated structures that are to learn. In order to have a good result of learning, it involves different factors such as: a suitable place like Audio Visual Room, a clear copy of the film, sound quality that the viewers could tolerate, and an interesting topic, as well as the students attitudes toward the study. Another factor that should be included is the topic itself. If the topic is complicated, the students would lose their interest, thus, they will not pay attention to the movie and they will have difficulties in understanding their topic.

In figure 2, the researchers pointed out the benefits of the first year nursing students in watching documentary films as an aid to their learning skills.

Learning References in Documentary Films To add information

To perceive lessons To understand complicated structures

Learning

Figure 2 Vertical Box list graph

Statement of the Problem This research aimed to assess effectiveness of documentary films to first year nursing students in Centro Escolar University, Makati.
1. What is the profile of the respondents of Centro Escolar

University, Makati 1st year nursing students? 1.1 1.2 Age Gender

1.3 Preliminary Grades in Anatomy and Physiology

2. What are the benefits of documentary films for nursing students?

3. How do the documentary films affect the performance of

nursing students in terms of: 3.1 Quizzes/Exams 3.2 Long retention of the topic 3.3 Oral/Graded Recitation 3.4 Essay form of test

3.5 Practical Exam in Laboratory Assumptions of the Study The researchers assumed that all of the questionnaires were answered honestly and instructions were clearly followed. The findings recorded were tallied. They also assumed that the students interest in that particular subject reflects their performance in class. Hypothesis: The students had their film viewing in Anatomy and Physiology and their evaluation is greatly affected. Significance of the study: This study is aimed to provide information on the benefits that the 1st year nursing students of Centro Escolar University Makati got from watching documentary films on different subject area. This study also assessed the learning capacity of the students with the aid in watching the film. It tested to be able to have an out view of the

performance, whether be a 1st year nursing student of Centro Escolar University Makati gained much progress on academic performances or not had much progress at all; after watching a film. The study seeks to let the students, having been much experienced on the documentary films, on suggesting different tactics to retain students interest on

watching the film. This study helped the professors to have different strategies for the improvement of students in a particular class. Scope, Delimitations, and Limitations of the Study This research is conducted only in Centro Escolar University, Makati Campus, having the 1st year nursing students benefits on watching documentary films as the core of the study. The benefits

included the progress of students academic experiences, which can be evaluated through Quizzes, Recitations, and Essay form of test, impromptu questioning, and applied skills in laboratory. This study

focused on the benefits that the 1st year nursing students got from watching documentary/educational films. It is limited to Anatomy and Physiology during Preliminary period. Definition of Terms This study had included difficult terms that needed further explanations by giving each its corresponding definition.

Anatomy and Physiology. Anatomy and Physiology is a subject for medical courses that studies human body parts. Benefits. Benefits are the advantages that a person gets from a particular situation. Correlate. It refers to the comparison of two things

Curriculum. It comes from the Latin word race course which is offered on school/community. Documentary films. Documentary films are a short flick of reality that reaches for the viewers interest and adds knowledge. Education. It is the process of imparting of knowledge or skills or profession. Failure. It is the condition of not meeting a desirable or intended goal, opposite of success. Learning skills. Learning skills are acquired abilities from gaining knowledge of a certain idea. Strategy. It refers to the long term plan of action designed to achieve a goal.

CHAPTER 2 Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter shows some articles that supports their research study about documentary films as an aid to the understanding of the 1st year students of the College of Nursing. Local Literature The youngest of the Philippine arts, film has evolved to become the most popular of all the art forms. Introduced only in 1897, films have ranged from silent movies to talkies, black and white to color. Outpacing its predecessors by gaining public acceptance, from one end of the country to the other, its viewers came from all walks of life, nationwide, there are more than 1000 movie theaters. Early ion

1980s, it was estimated in Metro Manila alone; there were around 2.5 million moviegoers. As an art form, it reflects the culture and the

beliefs of the people it caters to and most times, is the one who shapes their consciousness.
1

There are numerous documentary schools that offer Documentary Film Making Course to the students. These schools encourage their students to do research work, develop and produce documentarys individual subjects. Furthermore, they also conduct a survey of other schools for exploring the different structures, styles and formats of

10

documentaries. During their classes, schools include presentations, lectures, screenings and demonstration of production methods and equipments and so on. The most necessary parts of this course are sound recordings, camera work, setting and interview recordings, an insight on the post-production processes. Moreover, students have to work on a specific number of projects for digital video editing and shooting. Afterwards, this work is evaluated and reviewed by the faculty members.2 According to, they built schools for making documentary films more entertaining and to make it more informative to help students in understanding their subject. Film and history share an affinity that makes it possible for history to be contained on film (as in historical films like Jose

Rizal) and film also serving as an artifact of history (as in documentaries). Through the study of narratives, characters and themes one may be able to produce knowledge of history and historical processes. Relatedly, film becomes a piece of history as it records in motion pictures contemporary lifeways thus preserving historical memory. Films dealing with history will be studied like Eddie Romeros Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon? Early American Newsreels, Nick Deocampos Edades, etc.
3

11

Under the shadows of the mainstream Philippine movie industry is the world of independent cinema. It has it own set of filmmakers, films, audience, and even ideology to guide its continued production and propagation. What is its definition? Who practices independent filmmaking? How has the market developed with the growth of this kind of filmmaking? By appraising its forms short films,

documentaries, experimental, animation, educational, propaganda, etc. independent cinema in all its myriad expressions will be analyzed and studied.
4

The journey taken by gay and lesbian filmmaking in the Philippines has been a long and arduous one. From invisibility to becoming marginal, queer filmmaking has jumped into the frontline of film festivals and audience reception. What accounts for this sudden popular acceptance? What forces accounted for this change of attitude for a once taboo topic? Studying films from Nick Deocampos Oliver to Aureus Solitos Ang Pagdadalaga ni Maximo Oliveros to Brillante Mendozas Masahista, gay films will be studied for their the ways they tackled their theme, aesthetics and ideological positions taken.
5

Foreign Literature According to Ian Aitner, The documentary film can be regarded as the first genre of the cinema. During the 2890s, when the cinema

12

came into existence, most viewers saw some kind of actuality film. These early documentaries were often simple, single-shot affairs, showing newsworthy events, scenes from foreign lands, or everyday events. However, more fictional or staged actualities also began to be produced from the earliest years of the cinema, based on the special effects capacity of the movie.
1

These companies can help to produce documentary films on a number of topics ranging from a social cause to a politics-based short story. Human relationships, natural habitat, sports, economics, history of nations and many more. They can help in addressing issues such as relationships, drugs and alcohol, peer pressure, self-respect, and violence by writing. Shooting and editing short films. They even

feature short documentary films on current affairs and in real situations. 2 According to the Boston College of Fine Arts Department, Although there are no prerequisites, students are encouraged to take the Introduction to film art (FM 202) and/or History of European Film (FM 283) to serve as a strong foundation for film studies, prior to going abroad. Normally, the student should take no more than three film studies courses abroad. These courses should ideally be taken in junior year, since the student should completer the Senior Project under the close supervision of the advisor within the department.

13

Documentary has always been a slippery concept; attempts to define and unravel its special relationship to the real seem to have raised more questions than provided answers. Part of the reason that it is so hard to pin down is that documentary is particularly good at adapting and responding to the wider social, political and economic context. It is continually changing and reinventing itself;

documentary's ability to adapt to the demands of television (both public service and commercial) is testimony to this.3 According to Jane Roscoe, documentary films have been used to compare the reality and the truth. Hence, the documentary films are used by scholars even before to enhance ones knowledge about their particular topic. Documentary Film Making is one of the most emerging branches of today. If you want to build your career in this field, you must know every single aspect of this subject. It includes the backgrounds of historical, social and cultural, production requirements, technical necessities and much more. It is obvious that this is very tough to do proper research and guidance in order to reflect the expertise as well as perfection in the film. In India documentary films are held important. They provide schools for learners to learn the basic and important aspects of Documentation of articles. Based from this article it gives the

14

researcher an idea on how and what techniques and materials are being used and held important in making documentary articles.
4

According to Thomas Doherty, there had been times when documentary films had been neglected due to external factors. Regardless, documentary films are used before to elaborate the objectives of documentary films as to how they are used and how they are supposed to be interesting. A documentary film is a movie that attempts, in some way, to document reality. Even though the scenes are carefully chosen and arranged, they are not scripted, and the people in a documentary film are not actors. Other early forms of the documentary film included propaganda films, such as the famous Leni Reifenstahl movie, Triumph of the Will, which made Adolph Hitler appear heroic. One type of documentary film that became popular in the 1950s was called cinema verit, which is the literal French translation of "cinema truth." Cinema verit is a type of documentary film that includes no narration; the camera simply follows the subject. One famous example of such a film is Don't Look Back a biography film about Bob Dylan, covering his tour of the United Kingdom in 1965. Local Studies The early years of Philippine film, starting from the 1930s, were a time of discovering film as it was that time still a new art form.
5

15

Stories for films came from the theater and popular literature being, as they were, safe, with the film-maker being assured of its appeal. Nationalistic films were also in vogue despite early restrictions on films being too subversive. The 1940s and war brought to Philippine film, the consciousness of reality which was not present in the preceding films. Filmmakers dared to venture into the genre of the war movie. The 1950s were the Golden Years, a time when films matured and became more artistic. The studio system, though producing film after film venturing into every known genre, made the film industry into a monopoly that prevented the development of independent cinema. The 1960s, though a time of positive changes, brought about an artistic decline in films. The 1970s and 1980s were turbulent years, bringing positive and negative changes. From the decline in the 60s, films in this period now dealt with more serious topics following the chaos of the Marcos regime. Also, action and sex films developed further introducing more explicit pictures. Presently, in the 1990s, we are seemingly engaged in a vicious cycle of genres, plots, characterization and cinematic styles. From

16

the massacre movies of late, the teen-oriented romantic-comedies and the anatomy-baring sex flicks which are currently so popular, it seems Philippine cinema is a down spiral. Still, some films been successes and not only financially. Diaz-Abayas Rizal (1998), as an example,

was a success both commercially and critically. As a conclusion, here is what Patronilo BN. Daroy had to say about Philippine film industry: Philippine cinema, in short, appears to have reached full circle: it is at the stage of refining and formulating its own conventions and, in the process, getting in close contact with the ferment in the other arts and at the same time, the serious critical attention and concern of people with a broader interest in longer remain isolated from the main current of sensibilities and ideas that shape other artistic form, such as literature, painting, the theater, etc. Neither can it fly from the actuality of social life which, after all, is the source of all artistic expression. I foresee, therefore, a hand towards more serious cinema; the muck crackers will continue, but they will be exposed for what they are and will no longer definitive of the quality of Filipino films. 4

Documentary filmmaking is in a golden era worldwide.

The

power of documentary films is being felt in movie theatres across North America. Rick Castigleone, founder of Cielo Productions (based in

17

Calgary), has submitted a proposal to establish a Global Community Film Institute at the Calgary Centre. By having one or more teams of documentary filmmakers, the Calgary Centres effectiveness would expand in many ways. A film institute could make documentaries ranging from three-minute clips to enhance the impact of exhibits at the Centre, to feature length documentaries competitive for national and international awards. The visitors centre would feature the work of its film institute in many exhibits, and among the documentary films at the Calgary Centres film theatres. DVDs of the film institute would be offered for sale at the bookstore. Workshops and courses on At the

filmmaking could be featured at the conference centre.

connections centre, the Global Community Film Institute would become a resource of incalculable value for the many organizations and individuals from civil society contributing to the program content at the Calgary Centre.5 A documentary film entitled Citizens Voices in Governance featuring the Naga City Peoples Council and two other innovative programs will be presented in A Festival of Short Governance Films on March 24, 2003 at the Manansala Function Room, Galleria Suites in Ortigas Center, Pasig City. Through a series of interviews with local leaders, including the city mayor and the head of the Naga City Peoples Council, among others, the film documentary will present the

18

philosophies driving the aforementioned programs and what kind of obstacles still must be overcome to build a city of active citizens. The film will reveal how the organized urban poor sector and the Naga City government work together to overcome problems on land tenure and housing. The interviews and footages will showl how the urban poors lives have improved through being organized and outspoken, and accessing their rights to which they are entitled. The end-goal of the film production is citizen education towards the promotion and utimately the replication of exemplary practices in good governance.6

In the constantly changing world of the Filipino film industry, film festivals have become windows through which the Philippines lets the world see its screen images. There has been a number of locally produced films that have received international recognition. The local film industry includes highly talented and experienced people who have produced outstanding films that have been given recognition and attracted attention here and abroad. In pursuit of success, these producers also have made artistically and commercially viable movies.7

As the millennium approaches, the local movie industry intensifies its interest in the realm of the technical. The series of high-

19

risk investments made recently by major studios point to a more adventurous outlook. Filmmakers will want to believe that their producers have finally seen the light that in order for Philippine cinema to be more globally competitive, the producer must put a more serious eye on the art of movie photography.8 Foreign Studies The media plays a critical role in our society. It can be an informative but double-edged sword. It can control the masses or conceal the truth. For example, television and radio played a vital role in bringing change to former leftist societies in Europe. East Berlin received radio and television broadcasts from West Berlin before the Berlin Wall was destroyed by the masses in 1990. Hungary received broadcasts from Austria and the Baltic States from the Gulf of Finland. We must look at the history of the second half of the last century to understand the change in the media and the importance of a revolution. We must also take into consideration the cultural and economic factors of an island oppressed by a bigger nation---the United States. I will discuss here the role of the media in Cuba within a historical and critical context. Media elements such as newspapers, radio, television, and film play a critical role in the daily lives of Cubans as well as in the outside world.1

20

The purpose of my dissertation study was to determine the extent to which an in-depth study of nonfiction film could contribute to gifted adolescents' nonfiction print literacy, particularly their writing. I used the framework of one English teacher's (Golden, 2007) use of film to guide the unit I designed and taught for these summer sessions and Bishop's (1999) collection of scholarly composition essays to understand the potential ways to understand the role of film as a mentor text for developing writing. It is from this collection that I derived my framing questions for my dissertation study: In what ways can film function as a mentor text for adolescent writers? As a result of careful analytic coding and after developing validity with the assistance of three in English The educators Enrichment and three I

teachers/administrators

Summer

Program,

developed the following assertions which were supported by a range of student written and verbal responses: (1) Film analysis helped these adolescents understand film texts. (2) Film analysis helped these adolescents understand nonfiction print texts. (3) Film analysis helped these adolescents develop observation skills which were helpful to their growth as competent readers and writers. (4) Film analysis helped these adolescents develop visualization skills that are

necessary for them to become competent readers and writers. (5) Film analysis helps adolescents understand their writing processes.
2

21

In an attempt to address the lack of informative and in-depth media coverage on complex social and political issues, this project provides two short documentary films meant to serve as a model to reporters for addressing such highly-nuanced topics. In particular, these films--"The Battle for Kansas," and "Baghdad, Kansas"--

respectively address the issues of undocumented immigration and the Iraq War from a state-level perspective (charting the state law that granted education rights to some undocumented students in the former film; chronicling the activism of a Kansas veteran of the Iraq War in the latter film). Through a combination of the agenda-setting and cultivation theories, and with an emphasis on advocacy journalism, these films provide a clear opinion yet also practice solid journalism, namely through thorough research that promotes accuracy and by providing an outlet for people often marginalized or ignored by mainstream outlets. Moreover, these films seek to demonstrate to journalists the power of documentary storytelling, as well as to inform general audiences of the subtleties and nuance on these two particular issues, which currently are lacking through most mainstream media sources.
3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and the ability to imitate the behavior of videotaped assertive models. This study also examined the effect of viewing assertive models on the ability to imitate the models'

22

behavior in a contrived in vivo situation, a role play situation, and on self-report measures. The relationship between personality factor scores and the ability to imitate the filmed models on the self-report, role play, and in vivo measures were analyzed by a correlation matrix. Posttest group mean differences on the dependent measures were assessed by analyses of variance. The results suggested that certain personality types may have greater ability to benefit from videotaped exposure to models who are asking for favors. The results also suggested that exposure to a large number of models in a large number of different situations may facilitate the expression of favor asking behavior in a realistic situation.
4

This

study

examined with

whether

viewing can

a documentary that reduce were psychiatric randomly conditions: polar of being

depicts individuals stigma. One assigned to

schizophrenia

hundred and sixty-three one of

individuals four

no documentaryfilm, documentary about bears, documentary about fears

overweight, and documentary about schizophrenia. Participants also completeda battery of tasks assessing attitudes toward persons with schizophrenia,attributions about the disorder, and intentions to

interact with individuals with schizophrenia. The findings showed

23

that compared

to

the

other

experimental resulted in

conditions, more benign

the documentary about

schizophrenia

attributions about schizophrenia (e.g., less likely to blame individuals with schizophrenia for the disorder) but did not change general attitudes about schizophrenia (e.g., perceived dangerousness). The film also did not increase participants' intentions to interact with

persons with schizophrenia. These findings could not be attributed to mood changes associated with the film or how much

participants liked the film. The findings provide partial support for the hypothesis that a media depiction of persons with

schizophrenia can reduce stigma.5

Notes:
1

Aitken, Ian. Encyclopedia of Documentary Films.

http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/documentary/introduction.html
2

Boston College of Fine Arts Department. Foreign Study.

http://www.bc.edu/schools/cas/finearts/foreignstudy.html

24
3

Roscoe, Jane. Close Readings of Documentary Films.

http://www.latrobe.edu.au/screeningthepast/reviews/rev1100/jrbr11a.h tm
4

Documentary Film Making Course, Make A Career In This Field.

http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Documentary-Film-Making-Course---Make-ACareer-In-This-Field-/985230
5

History of Philippine Cinema.

http://www.aenet.org/family/filmhistory.htm
6

Nel, Natisha. Short Documentary Films.

http://www.selfgrown.com/articles/short_documentary_films.html Doherty, Thomas. Documenting the 1940s. http://www.bookrags.com/research/documenting-the-1940s/

7

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film? http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm

8

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
10

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm

25
11

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
12

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
13

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
14

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
15

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
16

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
17

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
18

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
19

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm
20

Kathy Hawkins. What is a documentary film?

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-documentary-film.htm

26

27

CHAPTER 3 Methods and Procedures This chapter presents the research methodology of this study, the subjects, the sampling technique, research instruments and procedures of data gathering and the statistical treatment that will be used for accurate data analysis of the benefits of documentary films in improving the learning skills of the first year nursing students. Research Methodology The researchers used descriptive methods of the study. The

researchers described the effectiveness and benefits that the students gained after watching the films. The results derived from this study came from the questionnaires gathered from first year students regarding the factors that the educational films contributed for the students study techniques. Subjects of the Study The subjects of the study are from the section A and B of the first year nursing students. The total population of the first year nursing students is 72. The researchers used survey sheets to determine the benefits of documentary films in the learning process of the Nursing students.

28

Table 1 Respondents of the Study Section A B Total Population 40 32 72 Sample Size 34 27 61

Sampling Technique Stratified Sampling Technique was used to obtain this data. The Slovens formula was also applied to determine the sample size of each section in level 1 of nursing students of Centro Escolar University, Makati. Instruments Used The researchers used 72 questionnaires to obtain data from the first year nursing students. In the questionnaires, the researchers included the demographic profile of the students like their age and their preliminary grades in Anatomy and Physiology. The researchers also included the benefits of documentary films in improving the grades of the first year nursing students. The researchers also included the evaluation used by the students which are the quizzes and examinations, their long retention to the topic, oral recitation, essay and practical exam. Procedures of the Data Gathering

29

In pursuing with the study, the researchers had accessed both the primary and secondary sources that contained important data gathered. The primary method of data collection was giving

questionnaires were completed for the respondents to answer and for the researchers to gather, rate and evaluate results as based on their studies. Statistical Treatment Slovens Formula The researchers used the Slovens formula to determine the sample size of the study. The researchers determined the sample size, given the population size divided by the sum of 1 and the product of the population size and the square of the constant 0.05. Formula: n = N 1+ Ne2 Where: n = sample size N = total population e2 = (0.05) (0.05) Likert Scale The students were instructed to rate the questionnaires based on the following descriptions:

30

5 All the time 4 Most of the time 3 Sometimes 2 Rarely 1 Never To assess the students knowledge about documentary films, the quantitative and qualitative interpretations below were used.

Interval 4.51 5 3.51 4.5 2.51 3.5 1.51 2.5 0 1.5

Verbal Interpretation All the time Most of the time Sometimes Rarely never

31

CHAPTER 4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data This chapter presents, analyzes, and interprets the data

gathered from the study entitled Benefits of Documentary Films in Improving the Learning Skills of First Year Nursing Students. 1. Profile of the Respondents 1.1 Age Table 2 Age of the Respondents

AGE 15 16 17 18 TOTAL

FREQUENCY 1 21 47 3 72

% 1 29 66 4 100%

Table 2 shows that the students that the researchers had surveyed ranged from 15 years old to 18 years old. There is 1% of total population is 15 years old. 29% are 16 years old, 66% are 17 years old and only 4% are 18 years old. The highest number of percentage is the age of 17 years old because the researchers have surveyed 1st year students, which is the common age for freshmen. 29% are 16 years old and 1% is 15 years old. This shows that the students were accelerated before when they were in high school and

32

some of them went to school at an early age. 4% are 18 years old which shows that some of the students repeated a year. This may vary the students grades, according to their maturity level.

Figure 3 Age of the Respondents 1.2 Gender Table 3 Gender of the Respondents GENDER Male Female TOTAL FREQUENCY 20 52 72 % 27 73 100%

33

Table 3 shows that there are 27 or 27% that are male and 72 or 73% that are female. The researchers have surveyed 72 females because females have the most number of students who take nursing course at CEU Makati. Also, there are only few male who take nursing because the nursing course is for females. Females are much more caring and loving than males. In some other aspect, males are short tempered thats why it is difficult for a male student to cope with pressure.

Figure 4 Gender of the Respondents

1.3

Grade in Anatomy and Physiology

34

Table 4 shows that out of 72 students with a prelim grades, none of the students got a grade of 1.0 and 1.25. 3% for 1.5, 10% for 1.75, 8% for 2.0, 14% for 2.25, 19% for 2.5, 7% for 2.75, 28% for 3.0, 8% for 3.5%, 3% for 4.0 and 0% of the students got a grade of 5.0. The highest percentage is 28% which is 3.0. 28% got a grade of 3 because the subject itself is difficult to learn. Hence, aided by documentary film, the students grades improve because none got a grade of 5. Also a 3% got a grade 1.5 because they have long retention to the topic and they have a wide understanding to the topic that makes Anatomy and Physiology easy for them to learn.

35

Table 4 Grades of the Respondents in Anatomy and Physiology GRADES 1.0 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.0 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 0 0 2 7 6 10 14 5 20 6 2 0 72 2.41 PERCENTAGE 0 0 3 10 8 14 19 7 28 8 3 0 100%

Figure 5 Grades of the Respondents in Anatomy and Physiology

36

2. Benefits of Documentary Films in Nursing Students

2.1

Can easily learn and understand the topic Table 5 Easily Learn and Understand the Topic EASILY LEARN AND UNDERSTAND THE TOPIC Strongly Agree Agree Minimally Agree Disagree TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 37 25 10 0 72 3.7 PERCENTAGE 51 35 14 0 100% Strongly agree

The table shows that 51% of the students in the first year strongly agree that a student can easily learn and understand the topic, 35% agree, 14% minimally agree and 0% for disagree. Interesting title can help the students to have a better understanding about the said topic. 51% strongly agree that they can easily learn and understand the topic because it starts with the interesting title then to the informative content of documentary films that make it easy for students to understand. 2.2 Helps determine the aims or objectives of documentary film

37

Table 6 shows that out of 72 students, 38% strongly agree on determining the objectives of documentary films, while 56 % agree and 6% for minimally agree and the last there were none disagree about the said benefit. Based from this survey most of the students agree that documentary film helps determine its objectives, where students can easily understand and determine the objectives of the film. Table 6 Determining the Aims or Objectives of Documentary Films DETERMINING THE AIMS OR OBJECTIVES Strongly Agree Agree Minimally Agree Disagree TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 27 40 5 0 72 3.31 PERCENTAGE 38 56 6 0 100 Agree

2.3

Widens ones knowledge about the said topic Table 7 Widening of Knowledge WIDENING OF KNOWLEDGE Strongly Agree FREQUENCY 30 PERCENTAGE 41

38

Agree Minimally Agree Disagree TOTAL Mean

40 2 0 72 3.4

56 2 0 100% Agree

Table 7 shows that 41% strongly agree in widening knowledge when watching documentary film, while 56% agree and 3% minimally agree. None of the students disagree about the said benefit. Based from the survey most students agreed in widening

knowledge through the documentary film, where the students can have additional knowledge that can be get from watching documentary films. They believed that lecture alone, is insufficient to provide information to students especially if the subject is very difficult to learn without the actual situation. 2.4 Develops the analytical thinking of students Table 8 Development of Analytical Thinking DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL THINKING Strongly Agree Agree Minimally Agree Disagree TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 24 42 6 0 72 3.23 PERCENTAGE 33 59 8 0 100 Agree

39

Table 8 shows that out of 72 nursing students, 33% strongly agree, 59% agree, 8% minimally agree that documentary films help in the development of analytical thinking. None of the students disagree that documentary films help in developing analytical thinking. Based on table 8, most of the students agree that documentary films help in developing analytical thinking. Students develop analytical thinking because critical thinking is enhanced when they understand what they had watched and apply it to their topic. 2.5 Presents and organized all the ideas completely

Table 9 shows that out of 72 students 38% strongly agree, 53% agree and 9% minimally agree. None of students disagree that documentary film helps in presenting and organizing ideas. Based on the table above most of the students agree that documentary films helps in presenting and organizing ideas. Students can easily organized ideas while watching the documentary film because the students could follow the sequence of the topic. Table 9 Presenting and Organizing of Ideas PRESENTING AND ORGANIZING OF IDEAS Strongly Agree Agree FREQUENCY 30 35 PERCENTAGE 38 53

40

Minimally Agree Disagree TOTAL Mean

7 0 72 3.32

9 0 100% Agree

2.6

Study and relate the ideas to the implication of the topic Table 10 Implication to the Topic IMPLICATION TO THE TOPIC Strongly Agree Agree Minimally Agree Disagree TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 31 35 6 0 72 3.35 PERCENTAGE 40 52 8 0 100% Agree

Table 10 shows that out 0f 72 students 40% strongly agree, 51% agree, 8% minimally agree and none of the students disagree that documentary film is helpful in implication to the topic. Based on the table above most of student agree that documentary films help in the implication of the topic. Students can easily relate the documentary film in their topic because with enough knowledge, they apply what they learned from the lecture to the actual situation presented in the documentary film.

41

Table 11 Benefits of Documentary Films X 1. can easily learn and understand the topic 2. helps determine the aims or objectives of the documentary films 3.widens ones knowledge about the said topic 4.it develops the analytical and thinking skills of students 5. it presents and organized all the ideas completely 6. study and relate the ideas and its implication to the topic Overall mean 3.7 3.31 Verbal interpretation Strongly Agree Agree

3.4

Agree

3.23

Agree

3.32

Agree

3.32

Agree

20.28

Based on table 11, most of the students strongly agree that they can easily learn and understand the topic with the help of watching documentary films because it elaborates the topic that needs visual learning in for students to compensate the topic. Most of the students agree that it helps determine the aims or objectives of documentary

42

films because gives the students the objectives of the content of documentary films. Most of the students agree that it widens ones knowledge about the said topic because documentary films emphasize important details in a certain topic. Most of the students agree that it presents and organizes all ideas completely because it shows the sequences of events in the topic. Most of the students agree that documentary films study and relate the ideas and its implication to the topic because documentary films give the actual situation of the topic. 3 The effect of documentary films to the students

performance as perceived by them. 3.1 Quiz Table 12 shows that there are 63% who are extremely affect, 28% minimally affect, 9% affect and 0% with no affect to the respondent who passed the quizzes. Therefore, the table shows that it extremely affects the performance of the respondents to their quizzes. Based on the given table, quizzes are extremely affected by documentary films when it gives students the opportunity to fully understand a certain topic that helps students memorize that particular topic. Table 12 The Effect of Documentary Films in Quizzes

43

Performance in quizzes Extremely affect Minimally affect Affect No affect TOTAL Mean

FREQUENCY 45 20 7 0 72 3.52

PERCENTAGE 63 28 9 0 100% Extremely Affected

3.2 Long Retention of the Topic Table 13 shows that 68% of the respondents are extremely affected with the long retention of the topic after watching a documentary film. While 63% of the respondents say that they are minimally affected with the long retention of the topic and 28% of the respondents are affected with the long retention of the topic. Based on the given table, documentary films affect the retention of the students to the topic because students appreciate better if they see what they only know. Hence, they would know what they are talking about by heart. Table 13 The Effect of Documentary Film in Long Retention of the Topic Long Retention of the Topic Extremely affect Minimally affect FREQUENCY 45 16 PERCENTAGE 68 63

44

Affect No affect TOTAL Mean

11 0 72 3.48

28 0 100% Minimally affect

3.3 Recitation Table 14 The Effect of Documentary Film in Recitation Performance in recitation Extremely affect Minimally affect Affect No affect TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 42 18 12 0 72 3.41 PERCENTAGE 58 25 17 0 100% Minimally affect

Table 14 shows that there are 58% extremely affect, 25% minimally affect, 17% affect and 0% no affect to the respondents who passed the recitations. Therefore, the table shows extremely affect the performance of the respondents in recitation. Based on the given table, documentary films affect the recitation of students because documentary films elaborate what they have learned based from the book. Therefore, they could easily answer what they were asked to answer. 3.5 Essay

45

Table 15 The Effect of Documentary Film in Essay Performance in essay writing Extremely affect Minimally affect Affect No affect TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 39 24 9 0 72 2.52 PERCENTAGE 54 33 13 0 100% Minimally affect

Table 15 shows that there are 54% extremely affect, 33% minimally affect, 13% affect and 0% no affect to the respondents who passed the essay. Therefore, the table shows that it extremely affects the performance of the respondents in essay. Based on the given table, documentary films affect the essay of the students because if the students understand the documentary film, then they could retain the topic in their minds making them memorize the topic by heart.

46

3.6. Practical Exam Table 16 shows that there are 57% extremely affect, 33 minimally affect, 10% affect and 0% no affect to the respondents who passed the practical exams. Therefore, the table shows that it extremely affects the performance of the respondents in practical exam. Documentary films affect the practical exam because practical exam is the application of what a student learned thus, relating the documentary film to the actual exam Table 16 The Effect of Documentary Film in Practical Exam Performance in practical exam Extremely affect Minimally affect Affect No affect TOTAL Mean FREQUENCY 41 24 7 0 72 2.57 PERCENTAGE 57 33 10 0 100% Minimally affect

Table 17 The Effect of Documentary Film in Evaluation X 1. quizzes/exams 3.52 Verbal Interpretation Extremely Affected

47

2. long retention of the topic 3. recitation 4. essay form of test 5. practical exam in laboratory Overall mean

3.48 3.41 2.52 2.57 15.5

Minimally Affected Minimally Affected Minimally Affected Minimally Affected

Based on table 17, documentary films extremely affect the quizzes because quizzes are the most common form of evaluation and t

48

CHAPTER 5 Summary, conclusion and Recommendation This chapter summarizes the data gathered from the study entitled The benefits of documentary films in improving the learning skills of first year nursing student in Centro Escolar University- Makati it also drafts conclusions and appropriate recommendation based on the findings from the studies. Summary of the findings
1. Demographic Profiles

The respondents comprised of first year nursing students of Centro Escolar University - Makati. There were total of 72 respondents consisting of 40 respondents from section A and 32 respondents from section B. The ages range from 15 years old to 18 years old with a percentage of 1% for a 15 year old respondents, 29% for 16 year old respondents, 66% for 17 year old respondents and 3% for 18 year old. Female respondents comprised of 73%while the male respondents of 27%. Most of the respondents got a grade of 3 as evidenced by its percentage of 28%. 30% of the respondents got a grade of 1.5. 85 of

49

the respondents got a grade of 2.14% of the respondents got a grade of 2.5. 7% of the respondents got a grade of 2.7 and 8% of the respondents got a grade of 3.5.
2. The benefits of documentary films for nursing students

59% agree that documentary films widen ones knowledge about the topic in anatomy and physiology. 56% of the respondents agree that documentary films help determine the aims or objectives of the documentary films while 6% of the respondents minimally agree that documentary films help

determine its aims or objectives. 53% of the respondents agree that documentary films present and organize all the ideas of anatomy and physiology completely and 52% of the respondents agree that documentary films study and observe the ideas and its implication to the topic. 51% of the respondents strongly agree that they can easily learn and understand their topic with help of documentary films while 14% of the respondents minimally agree that they can easily understand the topic in anatomy and physiology with the help of documentary films.

50 3. The effects of documentary films to the performance of

nursing students 68% of the respondents are extremely affected in their long retention to the topic with the aid of documentary films. 63% of the respondents are extremely affected in their quizzes and 28% are minimally affected in their quizzes. 58% of the respondents are extremely affected in the recitation of the respondents. 58% of the respondents are extremely affected with the oral graded recitation after watching documentary films. 57% of the respondents are extremely affected in their practical exam after watching documentary films and 54% are extremely affected on their essay. Conclusions Based on the findings of the study, the researchers draw the following conclusions: 1. The documentary films help students understand the topic in Anatomy and Physiology. 2. Documentary films widen ones knowledge in the topic in Anatomy and Physiology. 3. Documentary films develop the analytical skills and thinking skills of the nursing students.

51

4. Documentary films present and organize all the ideas of the topic in Anatomy and Physiology. Recommendations: The researchers recommend the following:
1. The professors should always provide a documentary film in

every topic discussed in Anatomy and Physiology 2. The MIAD should provide films that relate to Anatomy and Physiology available to nursing students as well as the other courses.
3. The library should include documentary films when students

borrow a book in Anatomy and Physiology. 4. The students should watch documentary films frequently especially if they are having difficulties in their topic.