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2.1 ......................................................4
2.2 ...........................................7
2.3 , ..............................10
2.4 ..................................12
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.
UR=I*R,
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= R+ L.
(3.1)
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u,
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0 90 .
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(.2.3)
(. 2.2).
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:
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2.2
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,
R,
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Z=
2.2 :
I=
(2.4)
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V
U(V) ,
Z(c) .
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.2.4
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Z,
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,
.
.
,
R
. Z,
, U R L
UR UL.
(2.3).
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(
):
=arc cos
R XL:
tg= = , =arc tg
II
R L :
U=UR+UL=RI+jXLI=I*(R+jL)
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90 .
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90: = R+ C.
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(. 2.8).
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U=UR+UC=UR-jUC=I(R-jX C)=I*Z
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90
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.
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.2.14.
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Z=F
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tg = = = = arc tg
, .2.13 2.14
,
.
RLC :
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(2.7)
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II :
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RC XL.
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P = UI cos
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S.
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2.10 :
=R* +X* .
(2.11)
,
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:
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P=UR*I=R*I2=U*I cos Q=UX*I=X*I2=U*I*sin
U I
2.11
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S=U*
(2.12)
2.11 :
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S=P+Q
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UI sin=S sin=Q . ,
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S=UI*=P+jQ
(.2.21)
:
P=P*ejo=P;
Q=Q*ej =jQ;
j
S=S*e =S(cos+jsin)=P+jQ.
* 2
*
2
I*I =I U*U =U
:
U=ZI, a
S=UI*=U* =
S=U*I*=Z*I*I*=Z*I2;
,
.
. , ,
Z, (R1, X1) Z2(R2, X2)
U1, U2.
:
Se=UI*=(U1+U2)I*=U1 I* + U2 I*= S1+S2,
S1=P1+jQ, S2=P2+jQ2
:
Se=P 1+jQ1+P2+jQ2=Pe+jQe,
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(.2.22).
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