INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is one of the world's most densely populated countries with 150 million people, 49 percent of whom

live below the national poverty line. NGOs in Bangladesh are seeking to alleviate all those financial calamities through funding poor to lift up their livelihood from poverty level. The government of Bangladesh faces an enormous challenge in reducing poverty. However, the government can not act alone as it can not command all the resources, personnel, administrative outreach or expertise necessary to maintain progress in povertyalleviation. The MFIs have taken a key role in poverty alleviation efforts and they have been providing credit to these poor people who lack savings and capital but want jobs in the farm and non-farm sectors. The banking sector in Bangladesh is dominated by the four state-owned commercial banks, known as nationalized commercial banks (NCBs),which control approximately half of the assets within the banking system. In addition, there are five governmentowned specialized banks, 30 domestic private banks, and 12 foreign banks (2004) The specialized agricultural banks and NCBs have been lending extensively to the rural area but most of their lending is not targeted to the poor. The foreign banks and the private commercial banks have simply stayed away from rural lending, though there are a few cases of token involvement in microfinance in recent years. The poor people do not get access to formal financial institutions because of lack of physical collateral. The informalmoneylenders, on the other hand, charge an exorbitant rate of interest, thereby inhibiting rural poor households from investing in productive income increasing activities Unlike other countries in the region, Bangladesh does not have a proper substructure of small banks operating at local level (McGuire et al. 1998). Against the backdrop of a relativelyundeveloped formal financial system, a strong NGO microfinance system has developed in Bangladesh. These MFIs have been able to reach the poor with collateral-free loans at affordable costs and can thus help the poor become selfemployed. The financial system also includes insurance companies, stock exchanges and co-operative banks. These informal lenders, however, can only meet the occasional financial services and they are not reliable sources of financial service provision. . Bangladeshi MFIs are best known for their pioneering, large-scale provisionof microfinance services, principally tiny collateral-free loans to poor women. Among all the non government MFIs Grameen Bank, ASA, Brac and Proshika playsvitalrolein povertyalleviationinBangladesh.NotonlyhadtheNGOs the Govt. specializedbanksuchlikethatBKB,grassrootorganization suchasburobangladesh,private commercial bank like that pubali bank alsoplay vital rolein the poverty alleviation of our country.

PROSHIKA The name PROSHIKA is a Bengali acronym made of initials of three words: Proshikhan (training), Shiksa (development) and Kaj (action). It has been more than two decades since PROSHIKA, now one of the largest NGOs in Bangladesh, took its first step. The beneficiaries of PROSHIKA are men and women of the two large sections of the rural population i.e., the landless laborers and some rural professional groups e.g. fisher, folk, weavers, potters etc.

objectives Structural poverty alleviation Environmental protection and regeneration Improvement in womens status Increasing peoples participation in public institutions;and Increasing peoples capacity to intensify their income through various ways Utilization of groups' savings; Provision of matching credit from the Revolving Loan Fund (RLF); Technical assistance through provision of skills and management development training, hands-on technical advice, and support by technically competent workers; and Provision of marketing assistance where needed

coverage Year of Establishment Area Coverage Villages Slums Unions (Rural) Wards (Urban) Upazilas Thanas Districts Area Development Centres

1976

24,211 2,110 1,925 328 234 52 59 220

Primary group member Women 1,768,980 Men 1,042,877 Total 2,811,857 Households 2,152,809 Poverty-free Households1,236,074 Beneficiaries 11,840,473

PROSHIKA S RURAL CREDIT RECORD crore) (Tk in 2003cumul ative year 2622.35 2004 2005 2006 200 7 200 8 267 284 672 3 200 9 222 360 847 201 0 100 122 193 Cumula tive up to june 2010 4405 4497.46 6488365

Calend ar Year
Disburse ment

277.0 288.1 316.5 312 7 3 0 350.6 1 4971 0 330.7 0 2007 6 343.0 298 9 1503 820 0 9

Recovery 2409.06 Beneficia ries 6387577

APPROACH

PROSHIKA innovated a holistic approach to credit called 'credit plus plus'. In this system proper training, technical assistance, marketing facilities as well as social and other development services are provided along with credit.

Name of are a of activities 1. People building Organization

Sub Products Core Program 1. Proshika Micro credit 2. Skill Products and Services Development Program 3. Small Enterprise Development Program 4. Livestock Program 2. Micro Credit Savings 5. Fisheries Development Program 6. Apiculture Development Program 7. Sericulture Development Program 8. Organic Development Program 9. Imigration and Farm Product 1. Human Development Program 2. Extended Social and Human Development 3. Social and Natural Resources Program Program 3. External Training Development 4. External Training Division

Other activities of proshika Universal Education Financial Services Urban poor development program Employment and Income Generation through Micro-credit Womens Development Program Environmental Protection and Regeneration Peoples Cultural Program (PCP) Disaster Management Program (DMP)

Saving scheme PROSHIKA Savings Scheme ( PSS): The PSS has been introduced on the basis of certain principles like security of group savings, life insurance, risk coverage for damages caused by natural disasters, accessibility, etc. The life and property risk coverage aspects of PSS are unique in Bangladesh. The number of PSS groups presently is 114,864

while the number of members is 1.81 million. The savings balance stands at Tk. 1,854.02 million. The total compensation paid from the PSS so far on account of death and damage is Tk. 58.16 million. PROSHIKA Fixed Deposit Scheme ( PFDS): PROSHIKA introduced this new savings product in 2005, for the group members who are interested in depositing their savings individually. This scheme is also very conducive to boosting poor peoples savings and the process of their capital formation.

Strength of PROSHIKA PROSHIKA has quite a large number of strengths. The most important ones are : A cadre of skillful and motivated staff both at the ADCs and the headquarters who work earnestly and responsibly with a team spirit (MTR, PRA), Effective and comprehensive training system for both groups and staff (PRA), Efficient and liberal RLF credit program (PRA, MTR), A strong organization-building capacity (PRA, MTR), Good program logistic support (PRA).

CONSTRAINT AND CHALLANGES Decline and dysfunctional of a number of primary groups (Group Review, PRA),

 Non-availability of loan to a large number of functional groups (PRA, PIAS), Small average loan size (PRA), Inadequate staff-group contact due to shortage/dropout of staff (PRA), Existence of heterogeneity, though in small proportion, in groups (MTR, PIAS). Emphasizing more on CREDIT and leaving the social issues behind (Following a culture of credit as the only means of poverty alleviation.) High interest rates in relation to the other commercial banks. The credit size is sometimes too small to go for sustainable development activities Serious financial irregularities and ambiguous audit report, which is uncovered, buy the Government. Introducing the projects according to the demand and expectations of the donors. Engagement in highly sensitive political issue in 2001 Directing all efforts towards of the reaching the poor visa credit will exclude considerable numbers of the target group, not least among the hard-core poor. Future direction 1. To awaken people's human and ethical values. 2. To ensure the participation of poor villagers and to value their thoughts and beliefs. 3. To disprove the popular belief that poor villagers cannot use sophisticated technology and to create skills among these target people. 4. To project the viewpoints of the villagers about social issues and to insure their participation. 5. To point out the reasons why the poor are deprived and robbed of power. . 6. To uphold the views of people who are alienated by the mass media. 7. To show that grassroots people are capable of expressing their feelings and their problems. 8. To raise people's consciousness by exchanging video programs among people of various regions. 9. To show the processes from which people conquer poverty and to show the causes of poverty

Buro bangladesh
Background:
BURO Bangladesh has been operating since 1990, and is dedicated to the economic development of the poor in Bangladesh. The beginnings of BURO Bangladesh have been difficult, until 1991 when it dedicated itself to micro-finance with a well-defined approach and a new management. The main challenges today are to consolidate and increase in independence. Missions: An independent, sustainable, cost-effective micro finance institution that provides diverse, appropriate and market responsive quality financial and business development services at competitive prices along with other social development programs to very poor, poor and vulnerable non-poor customers. Visions A happy, prosperous and pluralistic democratic society that meets the basic needs of the people in Bangladesh. Product and service Loan product Savings Products Micro Insurance Products Remittance Delivery Channel

Loan product GENERAL LOAN: The loan is intended to allow rural and urban poor households to finance their economic activities and build a strong capital base. General Loans are working capital loans given to poor and disadvantaged households. General Loans range from BDT 5,000 to BDT 45,000 , depending on the economic activity,The loans are repayable within a year in 46 installments at an annual interest rate of 15 percent. Micro-enterprise Loan Micro-enterprise Loans are individual loans that are assessed on the basis of household cash flow, business projections and the reputation of the borrower amongst her/his business peers/in the community. Micro-enterprise loans range between BDT 50,000-BDT

300,000, repayable within one-three years in 46-138 installments at an annual interest rate of 15 percent. Agricultural loan The loan is exclusively for agricultural activities and is designed to increase the farm activities enhancing the livelihood of the poor rural and peri-urban households. The agricultural loan also enhances food security of the households. The loans are disbursed to landless and marginal farmers in organized groups. Agricultural loans of BDT 10,000 BDT 50,000are given for one year, depending on the activity, land-holding etc., repayable in 46 installments with an annual interest rate of15 percent. Hand loan The hand loan is designed to protect customers from shocks to their household economies and the erosion of their financial, physical and social assets. Hand loans are used to finance important festivals (Eid, Puja, Christmas, marriages etc.), health care and child education. The hand loan is a small loan of BDT 3,000, repayable within 3 months at an annual interest rate of 15 percent. Disaster loan In extreme emergencies such as cyclone and floods, BURO Bangladesh provides disaster relief with support from leading donor agencies. However, instead of offering large-scale or long-term charitable activities, the organization places emphasis on the promotion of self-help and self-reliance of disaster-affected rural communities, encouraging and helping households to stand on their own feet. The disaster loan ranges from BDT 3,000 BDT 5,000 with an interest rate of 10 percent to be repaid over one year. Water and sanitation loan The sanitary loan is offered to customers seeking to install sanitary latrines in their homesteads. Both the sanitary and tube-well loans range from BDT 3,000 BDT 10,000 repayable within a year with an interest rate of 15 percent.

Saving product GENERAL SAVINGS:The general savings account is like a current account, where customers can save or withdraw on demand. The general savings account requires a nominal minimum balance of BDT 10. Compounded interest at the rate of 4.5 percent per annum of their general savings account balance.

Regular voluntary saving Poor people do this for social obligations such as marriages, funeral or childrens education. The savings account offers the following advantages to the customers: deposit on a weekly or monthly basis weekly savings range BDT 10 BDT 250; and monthly savings range BDT 40 BDT 1,000. Interest is paid on a compound basis in the range of 7 to 8 percent. Time saving In some occasions, the customers earn lump sum amount at a time from business or sales. Under the circumstances, the organization allows such customers to deposit a maximum of amount of BDT 5,000 in this account for varying period with interest rate within the range of 6% to 8%. Micro insurance product Customers security fund has been promoted with two objectives viz. the social objective, and the commercial objective. The poor and micro-entrepreneurs and small & marginal farmers (vulnerable poor) customers have to pay premium of BDT 50 to BDT 200, while the very poor customers are required to pay BDT 30. Non financial services BURO Bangladesh provides a modicum of non-financial services that includes business development services (BDS), food security, human resource development, disaster management, operation research, providing technical assistance to MFIs, and rural water supply, among others.

BURO Customers

VERY POOR/EXTREME POOR: owning less than 10 decimals of land annual income equal to or less than BDT 6,000 age limit between 18-60 years

MODERATE POOR: owning less than 0.50 acres of land annual income equal to or less than BDT 18,000 age limit between 18-60 years MICRO ENTREPRENEURS AND SMALL & MARGINAL FARMERS: owning more than 0.50 acres of land

 annual income in the range of BDT 18,000 BDT 60,000 age limit between 18-60 years

credit record of buro - bangladesh Calendar year Disbursem ent Recovery

278.04

200 3
384.4 3

200 4
152. 80
132.5 2 2213 66

2005

200 6
318.0 3
277.45 33132 9

200 7
375.1 6
337.27 37671 0

200 8
590.5 8
465.26 60227 3

2009

201 0 517. 95
463.68 87371 5

Cumulati ve up to 2010 3389.75

2470.53 4043310

236.8 4
196. 273286

813.9 6
728.50 746938

No. of 61769 beneficiari 3 es

Sustainable Approach BURO Bangladesh considers sustainability of lending operation is its ability to cover the cost of administration, loan losses, savings account interest, and cost of other capital from funds generated through receipts from interest charges and other fees. Profitability remains to be tested in many countries, but remarkable examples have been set by some lending operations that break even or overcome that point. BURO Bangladesh firmly believes this and has already demonstrated that it is feasible in Bangladesh. Its sustainable approach is based on the following: Developing an appropriate quality financial service delivery methodology: Virtually all programs that come close to break even, use special savings and credit techniques adopted from the informal sector. Full cost pricing: From the outset, institutions should charge a rate that will ultimately support a viable lending operation. Loans to informal sector will require interest rates at least 7-10 percent higher than the standard commercial rates. This informal sector can afford such rates.

Future direction

More Expansion of Micro Finance BURO Bangladesh was originally conceived asa demonstration model, with the intentionof achieving sustainability providing a range ofhigh quality financial services. Ithas initiated anexpansion program and it plans to raise thecustomers from current level of 985,182 to1,500,000 in 2011.

Going Extensive Automation The organization is contemplating automation of its branches by 2014. In thiscontext, steps have already been taken.Currently 75 branches have full automation. In 2011, a total of 250 branches will be underautomation.

Strengthening Micro-enterprise (ME) Support BURO Bangladesh is currently financing MEclients in a limited way. It believes that ME is anarea where more investment should beforthcoming as this has good potential foremployment and income generation. Theorganization will prioritise creating employmentopportunities in the rural areas in nonconventionalbusinesses. The organization hasdecided to launch a massive micro-enterpriseprogram in 2011 through bank financing forincreased rural employment generation.

Bangladesh krishi bank

Bangladesh Krishi Bank (BKB) is a 100% government owned specialized Bank in Bangladesh. KRISHI means Agriculture. Since its inception, BKB is financing in agricultural sector remarkably. BKB also performs commercial banking. People working abroad can easily send money home through our Taka Drawing Arrangement. The major occupation of the people of Bangladesh is "Krishi". Krishi is a Bengali word which means "Agriculture".About 85% of the population depends directly or indirectly on agriculture which contributes a significant portion .BKB has been established under the Bangladesh Krishi Bank order 1973 (President's Order No 27 of 1973). BKB is a Banking Company under the Banking Company Act1991. Its Head Office is located at Krishi Bank Bhaban, 83-85 Motijheel Commercial Area, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. The Bank is guided in accordance with the policies and principles of the Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh. It is the successor to the former Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan, which was established in 1961 through merging the Agricultural Development Finance Corporation (established 1952) and the Agricultural Bank of Pakistan (established 1957) into one institution. BKB provides credit facilities to individual and corporate bodies engaged in crop production, horticulture, forestry and fisheries. It also offers financial and technical assistance to agro-based and cottage industries.It is the successor to the former Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan which was established in 1961 through merging the Agricultural Development Finance Corporation (established 1952) and the Agricultural Bank of Pakistan (established 1957) into one institution. Initially, the authorized capital of the bank was Tk 500 million and its paid up capital was Tk 370 million, subscribed fully by the government. Later, in view of the increased volume of banking activities and business, the authorized and paid up capital of the bank were raised to Tk 2 billion and Tk 1 billion respectively. BKB provides credit facilities to individual and corporate bodies engaged in crop production, horticulture, forestry and fisheries. It also offers financial and technical assistance to agro-based and

cottage industries. Its charter requires the bank to act on commercial considerations but with due regard to the development of agriculture and agro-based and other related industries in rural and urban areas. Under the provisions of its charter, BKB is supposed to give preference to the credit needs of small farmers and other disadvantaged groups. BKB, therefore, has to fulfill both social and economic objectives. Being a scheduled bank, it also receives deposits in various accounts, performs foreign exchange business. Objectives of Bangladesh Krishi Bank These diversified micro-credit programs are being implemented by BKB to achieve the following objectives: To create employment generating activities. opportunities through income

To empower the rural women to establish their own rights. To improve the living standard of the rural people. To alleviate poverty of the poor people. To make easy access to institutional credit facilities and resources

Ownership Structure BKB has an authorized capital of Tk. 15,000 Million only and paid up capital of Tk.9000 Million only which is fully paid by the government. 60% share in the hand of govt. and 40% in the hand of the private. BKB has an authorized capital of Tk. 15,000 Million only and paid up capital of Tk.9000 Million only which is fully paid by

the government. 60% share in the hand of govt. and 40% in the hand of the private. Branches and coverage The Bank operates its function through its 952 branches (except Rajshahi Division) of which 822 are rural and 130 are urban, 15 foreign exchange branches. 8 Divisional, 21 Chief Regional and 30 Regional offices for close supervision of the branch activities. Sources of Fund Initially, the authorized capital of the bank was Tk 500 million and its paid up capital was Tk 370 million, subscribed fully by the government. Later, in view of the increased volume of banking activities and business, the authorized and paid up capital of the bank were raised to Tk 2 billion and Tk 1 billion respectively

Performance Trend No. of employment: The existing strength of Bank's manpower is 10275 against the approved strength of 13680 as on 31 March, 2009. Employment Nature: The field workers are sometimes will be in the temporary nature and the official staffs will be in permanent in nature. But the tendency of fieldwork is relatively smaller than the official staffs.

Functions: Products and Services Deposit Scheme: Current Deposit A/C Short Savings Bank A/C

Fixed Deposit Receipt A/C Time Deposit A/C Education Savings Scheme Term Deposit (STD)

Credit Services: Crop Fisheries Live Stock Farm & Irrigation Equipment Agro-based Industries Product SME Continuous Loan Micro credit Others Import finance Export finance Foreign Remittance S.W.I.F.T Dealing room

Method of credit
N m o th c ed a e f e r it
Ce i f rt el n l s a dMr i a r d o h a d s n ag l t e n Fr es a mr

M oo g eth d lo y
L u c in 1 9 a nh g 9 1 -1 9 . 92 P r o s P aa tsh v gn t mr th n es n / e s n a i n o oe a 1 0a r so c l v b l n a da n a .5 ce f u a l a d n n u l ti e i cm o h hs T 200 n o e f i et k 5 0 / g - aeei i l . r lg e b N e e tofom ego p edd r th r u . o ol tea . N C la r l N e ag aa to. e d ur n r In r tei 1 %i s lmn n . i 5 t. a s 0 n ta e ts o s 2 l w el . ek y L u c i gi 1 9 . anh n 9 4 n L a a o n T .2 0 0fo 5c l e . o n mu t k 5 0 r a s v N e g aa te o l e d ur n e f o a ei o b n c l lte r a k o ca ffi i l In r tei 1 %tob r p i i 1 t. a s 0 eea n d i s lmn w i 1y a. n ta e t i n e r l th Po r m r w mne p y e t ce ti n r ga fo o e ml mn r a o . o Po i i gtr i i ga dr c m e d ti n r v n a n n e o mn a o . d n Ac la r l f e ce i ol tea r e r d t. In r s r tei 1 .5 . tee t a s 2 %

Method of credit
B e f t e i gJo t Po r m e f at n n i n r ga

B B -NO i r Ce i Po r m K G M o r d r ga c t

Programs under poverty alleviation is given below: Credit program for the landless and Marginal Farmers Beef fattening Joint Program

 Swanirvar Credit Program SFDP South Asia Poverty Alleviation Program United Nations Capital Development Fund Rural Women Employment Creation Project ADB loan BKB-NGO Micro Credit Program Credit Under National Poverty Alleviation Program through Goat Rearing Current Deposit A/C Short Term Deposit (STD) Savings Bank A/C Fixed Deposit Receipt A/C Time Deposit A/C Education Savings Scheme SME financing by Bangladesh Krishi Bank Bangladesh Krishi Bank has recently introduced the SME policy strategies and financing norms in accordance with the industrial policy 2005 and Bangladesh Bank's Prudential Regulation to assist in the achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) set by the government. BKB started SME financing since October, 2007. Interest Rate: Small Enterprises : 12.50% Medium Enterprises : 12.50% Working Capital : 13.00% Repayment:

EMI (equal monthly installment) maximum for 5(five) years and working capital for 1(one) year. Lending model BKB follows Poverty Lending Approach in case of providing microcredit to the poor.

Bangladesh krishi bank s rural credit record

(Tk in crore) Cumulativ e up to June 03 914.22 781.62 1474918 2003- 200404 05 68.16 46.6 60987 58.86 37.27 59117 2005- 2006- 200706 07 08 57.02 43.24 50083 54.51 51.84 52028 53.43 51.46 47761 2008- 200909 FY 10 47.82 45.56 49356 98.49 76.02 35044 Cumulative up to June, 2010 1352.51 1133.61 1829294

Disbursemen t Recovery No. of beneficiaries

Recovery rate In the maximum case it is shown that for the lack of strong administration the general borrowers specially the villagers start a new loan without repaying the original loan itself. The rate of recovery is only 60% to 70%. Strength of BKB For smooth operation, s a part of internal control and compliance system, the bank has also 56 field level audit offices of which 5 at Divisional and 51 at Regional levels. The existing strength of Bank's manpower is 10275 against the approved strength of 13680 as on 31 March,2009

Constraint and challanges More default probability of loan: The incentive system for the banks stressed disbursements rather than recoveries, and the accounting and debt collection systems were inadequate to deal with the problems of loan recovery. It became more common for borrowers to default on loans than to repay them. Rate of repayment is slow: In the maximum case it is shown that for the lack of strong administration the general borrowers specially the villagers start a new loan without repaying the original loan itself. Technological Backward: In some context BKB lacks the technological development as compared to the various Private Financial Institutions. As a Govt. Financial institute BKB has some bureaucratic problems to incur.

Pubali Bank Ltd.

PUBALI BANK LIMITED is the largest Commercial Bank in Private Sector in Bangladesh. It provides mass banking services to the customers through its branch network all over the country. This Bank has been playing a vital role in socio-economic, industrial and agricultural development as well as in the overall economic development of the country. Pubali Bank Ltd. has inaugurated its Islamic Banking Window in Principal Branch, Dhaka with a view to providing Islamic banking services in the basis of lslamic shariah.Pubali Bank Limited provides commercial banking services in Bangladesh.

HISTORY The Bank was initially emerged in the Banking scenario of the then East Pakistan as Eastern Mercantile Bank Limited at the initiative of some Bangalee enterpreneurs in the year 1959 under Bank Companies Act 1913 . After independence of Bangladesh in 1972 this Bank was nationalised as per policy of the Government and renamed as Pubali Bank. Subsequently due to changed circumstances this Bank was denationalised in the year 1983 as a private bank and renamed as Pubali Bank Limited. The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh handed over all assets and liabilities of the then Pubali Bank to the Pubali Bank Limited. Since then Pubali Bank Limited has been rendering all sorts of Commercial Banking services as the largest bank in private sector through its branch network all over the country

Brach Network Among the private banks, Pubali Bank has the most extensive network all over the country. It has 400 branches in total connecting all economic growth centers and commercially promising localities of the country. As the first local bank of the country PBL is effectively serving the nation since its very inception and its still carrying out the responsibility very efficiently

Vision of Pubali Bank Ltd To excel as best private commercial Bank in Bangladesh with meticulous observance of rules and regulations and commitment to corporate social responsibility.

Mission of Pubali Bank Ltd (A) To get recognition as a dynamic, innovative and customer supportive Bank.(B) To maintain continuous & steady growth with utmost transparency and to diversifydevelopment of resources.(C) To enhance continuous development of information & technology to meet thedemand and challenges of the time.

Products & Services :

Pubali Bank limited provides all banking services to the people as a commercial bank. In a nut shell PBL provides the following:

Deposit Service Loan & Advances Remittances Miscellaneous

Deposit Services Savings Bank Account Fixed Deposit Account Current Account Pension Account Foregin Currncy Account
. Savings and current accounts are very common for all commercial banks. Fixed deposit account is naturally targeted to idle money of elderly people. Pubali Bank limited provides handsome interest to the account holders in return. Short term account is another version of fixed deposit account. People who like to keep the money for a shorter period and earn some interest are addressed here with a better than savings account but less than fixed deposits interest. Pension account delivers a monthly earning to the senior people of the society against a cumulative easy deposit made by them on a regular basis. So its a very appreciable step of Pubali Bank.

Foreign currency account is for a section of people who are working abroad and earning valuable foreign currency for the country. More over the foreigners who are working here are also entitled for the type of account. . . Loans & Lease Services Micro Credit Small and Medium Enterprise Financing Industrial Loans Working Capital Financing Export Credit Import Credit Bills Purchase Letter of Credit Letter of Guarantee Lease Financing Transport Financing Consumers Loan Scheme House Building Loan - Remittance Services (Remmitance of Fund from abroad by Bangladeshi Nationals, Foreign Remittance, Internal Remittance) -Miscellaneous Services (Electric Bill, Gas Bill, Phone Bill, Cheque Clearing, Instrument Collection, Locker Services, ATM Services, Card Miscellaneous Services Pubali Bank limited provides miscellaneous services like collection of utility bills, clearing of checks, Instrument collection, Locker service and ATM card services to its valued customers
LEASE FINANCING : Pubali Bank Limited has been extending lease finance to the right persons and firms. The customers are required to provide details information, papers on the project. After proper appraisal / evaluation , if found suitable, the Bank draws terms and conditions of the lease. JOINT VENTURE FINANCING : As per Govt. Investment Policy, Pubali Bank Limited extends Joint Venture Financing in the Private Sectors as per credit norms. PROJECT / TERM LOAN Pubali Bank Limited allows Term Loans to the individual / firm / industries for a specific purpose and for a definite period under the following categories. The loan is repayable by installments as per terms decided upon.

1. Short Term Loan for small and cottage industries. 2. Medium Term Loan for Medium Scale Industries. 3. Long Term Loan for Large Scale Industries. HOUSE BUILDING / APARTMENT LOAN SCHEME : Pubali Bank Limited extends credit facilities to individuals, entrepreneurs for construction of residential or commercial house or buildings. The loan is repayable by monthly installment with a specific period ( not more than 15 years ). Pubali Bank Limited also allows loan to its employees for purchase / construction of house under Staff House Building Loan Scheme. THRUST SECTOR FINANCING : Pubali Bank Limited has already taken some positive initiative to finance in the Thrust Sectors. For this purpose it has invested a good amount of fund in the development of Cement Manufacturing, Composite Textiles, Spinning Mills, Knitting Garments Industries and other small and medium enterprises. To boost up the national economy the Bank has taken keen interest to finance in the following thrust sectors. 1. Agro-based Industries - local fruit, potato preservation 2. Computer Software and Information Technology. 3. Electronics. and processing.

enterprises. To boost up the national economy the Bank has taken keen interest to finance in the following thrust sectors. 1. Agro-based Industries - local fruit, potato preservation 2. Computer Software and Information Technology. 3. Electronics. and processing.

CONSORTIUM LENDING : Pubali Bank Limited is coming forward as a Lead Bank for financing in consortium lending strategy. Under this lending scheme two or more banks are invited to finance big projects with Pubali Bank Limited acting as Lead Bank. READY-MADE GARMENT , READY-MADE GARMENT , AGRO-PROCESSING & IT SECTORS : Pubali Bank Limited extends credit facility to the garment sector as a special case. It is also giving special emphasis to agro-processing and Information Technology related financing. CONSUMERS' LOAN SCHEME : Pubali Bank Limited has introduced Consumer Loan Scheme in order to provide financial assistance to the fixed income earners of the society to uplift their standard of living by acquiring domestic durable goods like Freeze, Television, Computer, Motor Car, Furniture etc. Eligibility of the Consumers under this scheme. A person having confirmed / permanent job in one of the following organizations and

age between 20 to 50 years are eligible for availing of the credit facility under this scheme. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Government / Semi-Government / Autonomous Bodies. Bank / Insurance / Financial Institutions. Armed Forces, B.D.R., Police and Ansars. Private Organizations. Teachers of Universities / Colleges / Schools. Self-employed persons/businessmen

Eligible Items / Articles under this scheme. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Car, Motor Cycle, Micro-Bus. Refrigerator, Deep Freeze. Television, VCR, VCP. Radio, Two-in-One, Three-in-One. Air-cooler, Air-Conditioner, Water Cooler, Water Pump. Personal Computer, Type writer, Camera, Movie-Camera. Washing Machine. Furniture.

Strength: (a) Good management.(b) Cooperation with each other.(c) Usage of faster pc bank software.(d) Membership of SWIFT.(e) Good banker-customer relationship.(f) Online Banking services.(g) Strong financial position.(h) Strong position of CAMEL rating.(i) Huge business area.(j) Excellent monitoring and supervision.(k) Energetic as well as smart teamwork.

Constraint and challenges

(a)Lack of proper motivation, training and job rotation.(b)Lack of experience employees in junior level management.(c)Lack of own ATM services.(d)Tendency to leave the bank in quest of flexible environment Rural credit record Number of benificiaries female
40602

male
248

total
40850

Rate of recovery(% )
100

Disbursemen t up to June' 10 (cumulative) (Tk in crore)

86.05

Conclusions Reduction of poverty has remained the prominent national goal. Involvement of the banks and NGOs in that pursuit is thought to be important in many regards. Over the years they have developed a wide network of operations through which they can deliver a wider range of financial services to people who need the service more. Their involvement can enhance the quality and effectiveness of the services as well. The bottom line people of the society will require finance for cultivation of their lands, purchasing livestock, for starting small new business or cottage industries or for expanding the business one has. One may need credit to educate his children or for other thousand of reasons that of course help to reduce their poverty. Many will go to banks and NGOs for meeting their demand. Thus the banks and NGOs have to evolve some easier and simpler methods to deliver the services to the poorer section so that they do not feel harassed or uncomfortable in dealing with the much needed financial recourse for bettering their future.

Table of Contents
SL. NO. 01 02 03 Introduction Proshika,its objectives Coverage,rural credit record Topic Page No. 1 2 3

04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Approach, proshikas activities Saving scheme, strength of proshika Constraint and challenges, future direction Background ,mission,vision,product and services Loan product, saving product Tools for Risk Measurement Risks Involved in Stock Market Stock Market Risk Management Benefits of Stock Market Risk Management Portfolio Risk Management Forecasting Stock Market Equity Risk Strategies for Stock Market Risk Management Stock Market Risk Management Methods An overview of Stock Market in Bangladesh Stock Market Crash in Bangladesh Steps taken to stabilize the current situation of Stock Market in Bangladesh References

4 5 6 7

16

17 19 22 25 27

28