Conclusion Hard power yields obedience, while soft power yields acquiescence.

The former is the foundation of state strength, but the latter helps consolidate that strength. History suggests that synergistic use of both forms of power allows a state to gain global influence. India Soft Power Soft power in India is meant to attract attention, encourage and support of the interesting elements that are in their communities. Featured elements are not intended to persuade the world community to support India directly, but to enhance India position as a relatively less developed country in world view. The first soft power tactics used by India is through Bollywood movies that have been in the box office around the world including American States, United Kingdom, and even Syria and Senegal. The triumph of Slumdog Millionaire at the 2009 Oscars both reflects and reinforces this trend. Bollywood fever cannot be denied when the world community who does not understand the Indian language also loves Bollywood movies and music itself. This in the end leads them to think highly of the Indians. It is quite an achievement to have wax figures of leading Bollywood stars at Madame Tussauds like Amitabh Bacchan, Aishwarya Rai Bacchan and Shah Rukh Khan; which leads me to my next example. The next example is Mahatma Gandhi, which also became a wax figure at Madame Tussauds. India s soft power derives to a large extent from the lingering mantle of moral authority the country gained through the non-violent revolution it staged against British imperialism under Mahatma Gandhi s leadership, through Nehru s refusal to toss India s fate into either the American or the Soviet camp during the Cold War and bravely to chart a third way through the Nonaligned Movement. Next, India's exports of cultural writers of Indian origin like Salman Rushdie to Arundhati Roy, Rohinton Mistry to to Jhumpa Lahiri, who write in English, have become

among the most celebrated in the Western literary world. When the writers and album making win a lot of international award, this will strengthen India's soft power. Fourth soft power tactic is Indian food. Indian cuisine is famous throughout the world with the flavor of the original ingredients. Go wherever you want and you will find Indian restaurants. There are also many chefs who came from India through the culinary TV networks shown around the world (Prantika, 2009)

The using of hard power in India-Pakistan war Indias relations with Pakistan were shaped by the four wars (1947/48, 1965, 1971, 1999) of which three were over Kashmir. With regard to Indias regional role the war of 1971 is the most interesting case. The support for the East Pakistani freedom fighters underlined Indias diplomatic hard power strategy that was followed by the military intervention in December 1971 and the defeat of the Pakistani army. Besides this historical footnote the more interesting point is that India was not able to reach a final solution on Kashmir with the Simla treaty. Indira Gandhi obviously tried to settle Kashmir by transforming the ceasefire line into an international border between both countries. In the end she refrained from these proposals because of the reservations made by the Pakistani prime minister Bhutto (Mattoo 2001). Both sides agreed on the Line of Control (LoC) and on further bilateral negotiations on Kashmir (Ghosh 2002). 1971 and Simla are often referred to as the peak of Indias regional. The nuclear test of 1974 was a demonstration of Indias great power ambitions but also had unintended negative consequences on the regional level. The development of Pakistans nuclear programme compensated Indias conventional military superiority in the long run. Already in 1974, U.S. ambassador Moynihan

warned Indira Gandhi about such a development: India has made a huge mistake. This status was reached in the late 1980s when Pakistan passed the nuclear threshold. Indias political failure at Simla and Pakistans nuclear capabilities had manifold repercussions on the Kashmir issue. After 1987 the domestic dimension of the Kashmir conflict, i.e. the demand for greater autonomy became linked with the international level when Pakistan started to support Islamic militant groups in Jammu & Kashmir (J&K). The Kargil war of 1999 and the crisis of summer 2002 after the attack on the Indian Parliament in December 2001 showed again the limitations of Indias military and political hard power strategies under the new constellations. Because of Pakistan nuclear capabilities India could not extend her military strikes during the Kargil war beyond the LoC. Operation Parakram, i.e. Indias attempt to increase the international pressure on Pakistan to stop the infiltration of militant fighters over the LoC did also not work. The international community was not willing to pressure Pakistan too much because the Musharraf government remained one of the most important allies of the West in the war on terrorism (Kalyanaraman 2002).

The Effect of India-Pakistan War to Other States After the end of World War II, Americans have chosen Pakistan to spend billions of dollars into the economy of the country to complete the military training and intelligence. Indian Country is not selected at that time because India is supporting the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Pakistan is under U.S. leadership for several faeah as the economic benefits that can be seen clearly in the 1960s. Since the year 1954, a defense agreement was made between Pakistan and the United denotes bermlanya American money flows to the country. In the year 1965 (Pakistan-India war), United States, but withdrew the aid when recovering U.S.

economy, the Pakistani army kept in the trial. Then, in 1979, U.S. intelligence discovered that Pakistan was secretly building a uranium-enrichment facility in response to Indias nuclear-weapons program. That April, the military dictator of Pakistan, General Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq, hanged the civilian President he had expelled from office, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto; he then cancelled elections. U.S. aid came to a halt. At the same time, Zia began giving support to an Islamist organization, Jamaat-e-Islami, the forerunner of many more radical groups to come (Lawrence Wright,2011)

References : Soft Power: Indias Greatest Asset by PRANTIKA SENGUPTA on SEPTEMBER 9, 2009 JurisOnline.in http://jurisonline.in/2009/09/soft-power-india%E2%80%99s-

greatest-asset/

Mattoo, Amitabh, Next Steps in Kashmir, in: Sawhny, Karan R. (ed.), Kashmir. How far can Vajpayee and Musharraf go? New Delhi, 2001.

Ghosh, Partha S., From Legalism to Realism in Kashmir: Internationalising the Line of Control, Heidelberg 2002 (Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, No. 07, <www.hpsacp.uni-hd.de>).

Kalyanaraman, S., Operation Parakram: An Indian Exercise in Coercive Diplomacy, in: Strategic Analysis, 26 (Oct-Dec 2002) No 4, pp. 478-493.

Annals of Diplomacy, The Double Game, The unintended consequences of American funding in Pakistan by Lawrence Wright May 16, 2011 at :

http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/05/16/110516fa_fact_wright#ixzz1hYZJqa QD