CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the review of the related literature and studies in connection the present situation.

Related Literature Benefit of the Comparison between Electrodes The usage Electrodes is dated back since the founding of electricity Electrode in in our civilization. terms is to The serve very as function the of an that

simple

bridge

connects and transmits electrical charges from the source to the electrical wirings. But translated on the to a more of complex and

distinguished

explanation

benefits

the

Comparison

between Electrodes is to learn whether which among the three common Electrodes used in our society is the most efficient one. Electrical Conductivity The very spine of this study is to determine which among the following Electrode would from the be able to conduct natural of the most of

amounts SOLANUM Copper

Electrical TUBEROSUM and

Charge given The

the

given

source

testing

Electrode is

Aluminum, from the

Silver.

conductivity

derived

resulting statistics using a VOLT METER. Electrical conductivity is basically a measure of how well a material accommodates the transport of Electrical charge.

Related Study Grounding, plating, welding and torture method Signal grounds and other circuits serve as return paths for signals and power within equipment, and on the signal designs for all

interconnections feature a single

between return

equipment. that acts

Many as a

electronic reference

signals. Power and signal grounds often get connected together, usually through the metal case of the equipment. In the other hand welding uses an electrode and a base material to melt the metals at the welding point. They can use either Direct or

Alternating current, and consumable or non-consumable electrodes in the process. In Electroplating metal ions in a solution are moved by an electric field to coat an electrode. The process uses electrical current to reduce cations of a desired material from a solution and coat a conductive object with a thin layer of the material, such as a metal. Electroplating is primarily Used for depositing a layer of material to bestow a desired property such as abrasion, wear resistance and corrosion

protection. Execution by electrocution, usually performed using an electric chair, is an execution method originating in the United States in which the condemned person is strapped to a specially built wooden chair and electrocuted through electrodes placed on the body. This execution method was created by

employees of Thomas Edison, and has been used only in the United States and, for a period of several decades, in the Philippines its first use there in 1924 under American occupation, last in 1976.

CHAPTER III Methodology This chapter represents the research design, materials to be used, research were locale, applied, and test to be administered, and the

procedures

sampling

techniques

statistical

treatments for the study. It is in this chapter that the right course of action is discussed in order to attain and compare the acquired data to fill the questions stated previously in the study. Research Design The researchers used the comparative design in obtaining the desired results observing and comparing the amount or

quantity of the Electrical charges produced by the different Electrode. It will be done in three trials. Research Locale The research experiment was done in the comforts of our own Science Laboratory, since the convenience and facilities is

sufficient enough to house the experiment. Subject of the Study The study focused on the comparison of the results in terms of Voltage Strength, and Length of Charge Decay. Attaining the hypothesis and comparing the results is the basic subject of the study. And the conclusion is our definite goal.

11

Sampling Procedures The researchers used the purposive non-random sampling for the research. It is a use of assessment in acquiring the subject of the study and the constant testing it would be given since the control group has fixed results in which it was compared to. Materials used in the study y y y y y 1kg of Market potatoes. Silver sheet or pieces as an electrode. Copper sheet or pieces as an electrode Aluminum sheet or pieces as an electrode. Volt meter with positive and negative clamps.

Procedure 1. Slice through the potato to insert the first two

electrodes. 2. Then using the positive and negative clamps attach it to the electrodes inserted at the potato. 3. Then gather the result from the gauges. 4. Repeat and compare the results in the remaining

electrodes. Data Gathering Data would be gathered using the results from the Volt meter. We start the data gathering with the recording of the highest spike meter per electrode conduction of the test for the Voltage Strength. And then the average resulting charges would gathered from the three trial.

CHAPTER IV Analysis, Presentation and Interpretation of Data This chapter shows the overall result of the tests done during the experiment. It also explains the view of the conclusion shown in organization.

Table 1. Result for Quantitative Testing. Pairing Set 1 Set 2 Set 3 average

Cu-Al

4.4

2.4

2.4

3.06

Al-Ag

2.6

2.2

0.4

1.73

Cu-Ag

2.0

1.8

1.4

1.73

Average

2.1

1.4

Measurement x100(1.5mA) The table above presents the outcome of the quantitative testing from the alternating pairing of electrodes tested in three trials using one pair and tested in three set-ups, the repeated among the other pairs of electrodes. Voltage Strength was recorded in the three set-ups using different potatoes to alter results in order not to monopolize the results of the experiment. The difference of the set-ups are shown on the table with changes occurring.

13

However, Average electrical charges tied Al-Ag and Cu-Ag with 1.73 x100(1.5mA) giving the experiment an average result on two pairs but differs on the first pair of Cu-Al. The outcome of the experiment showed that all the testing has a significant difference contradicting the average of pairs 2 and 3 in the three set-ups. The result of Voltage strengths showed a clear difference of charges that alters on each pair and set-up. There is a clear comparability of results that

varies on the recorded tabulations present on the table, which clearly shows that there really is a significant difference on different kinds of electrodes when paired. In this comparative testing proves that the Electrodes,

Copper, Aluminum, and Silver can meet the characteristics for a respectable electrical electrode.

CHAPTER V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation The use of electrical electrode has been a worldwide

demand, basically a need to generate electricity from the very first place. The global market sends forth thousands of

materials to convert into different tons of electrode to be used in different ventures in day-to-day electrical connectivity. The demand is certain, and we need to meet and satisfy our hunger for innovations. What drove the researchers to aim on the study is the fact of conceptualizing the unknown to be known to the public on gathering and differentiating the results of different paired electrodes. After months of researching and comparisons of information and long-term experimenting it proved to have given the

researchers two results : 1. The Voltage strength varies and differ on any set-up conducted with significant difference. 2. The Average resulting charges somehow equaled pair 2 and 3 even if the voltage strengths on the three setups varied. But the average on pair 1 gave us a

positive outcome with a result of 3.06x100(1.5mA)

The

researchers

recommend

the

thought

of

furthering

the

study on a higher and advance level and elaborate, more on the experiment However, sufficient in the order results to to and pass provide the the more study course respectable though and results. is

premature

enough

provide

sufficient

15

knowledge

that

is

important

and

vital

that

simple

table

vegetable such as the potato provide us with natural charges that can be extracted and be proven worthy to be used in

differentiating electrical charges that readily available. Above all, the possibility is still there but pursuing it means that the experiment be expanded and can still be given a chance.