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Road Development: Paving the way for convenience

By M.Imtiyaz Ahmed & N.P.Sharma
RITES LTD

Study area
Consists of GCDA area including the Groosery Islands Area 732 sqkm Main city of Ernakulam along with Satellite towns of Thripunitara in east, Angamaly in the north & Aroor in the west . Ernakaulam is the second largest in in Kerala It is the commercial capital &Futuristic city

Study Area

Population Projection
Region Year GCDA area Cochin Corporation area Other areas of GCDA 732.11 94.88 Area(sq. mts) Population in Lakhs 1991 2001 2011 16.6 5.64 17.97 5.96 21.78 7.25 2021 25.14 8.23

637.23

10.96

12.01

14.53

16.91

Population Growth of Kochi city

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 YEAR POPULATION (LAKHS) 1961 3.38

2 1971 4.39

3 1981 5.13

4 1991 5.64

5 2001 5.95

6 2011 7.25

7 2021 8.23

Growth of Registered vehicles

400 300 Total Vehicles 200 100 0

1992-93 1997-98
126.2 259.9

363.6

2003-04

Years

Composition of registered Vehicles

Vehicles

400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1992-93 1997-98 2003-04

Two Wheelers Autos Car/Jeep Bus/Minibus Goods & Others Total Vehicle

Years

60% are 2 wheelers

Mixed Traffic Condition

Queuing of Buses

Accident trends in Kochi city

Year 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Persons Killed Persons injured 153 144 142 147 145 147 153 154 3104 2671 2532 2445 2543 2544 2598 2612

Distribution of road network by ROW

Right of way Length(Km) % Cumulative

<10 10-20 1020-30 20>30

107.20 283.70 78.10 29.90

21.50 56.90 15.70 6.00

21.5 78.4 94.0 100.00

Distribution of road network by carriageway width

Carriageway width(Meters) Single lane Intermediate lane Two lane Three lane Four lane Six lane Total Length (Km) 39.3 92.5 260.7 33.9 69.9 2.9 100.0 % 7.9 18.5 52.3 6.8 14.0 0.5 100.0 Cumulative 7.9 26.4 78.7 85.5 99.5 100.00

Composition of Traffic at Dalimukku Junction

25%

33%

5% 10% 27%

2 Whealer

Cars

Cycles

Buses

3 Whealers

Composition of Traffic at Kacheripadi Junction

21% 2% 36%

14% 1% 26%

2 Whealer

Cars

Cycles

Buses

3 Whealers

LMV

Composition of Traffic at NH By-pass Junction

3% 37%

15% 12%

21%

11%

1%

2 Whealer

Cars

Cycles

Buses

3 Whealers

LMV

Trucks

Distribution of Journey speed by road length

Journey Road Sl. No. speed length (kmph) (Kms) 1 <10 6.9 2 3 4 5 10-20 1020-30 2030-40 30>40 44.9 130.4 223.6 83.2 % 1.4 9.0 26.1 46.9 16.6 Cumulative 1.4 10.4 36.5 83.4 100.0

Distribution of trips by mode

Mode Bus Car/jeep Two wheeler Auto Cycle Ferry Train Total vehicular trips Trips 969403 54215 80221 63742 33674 130629 7938 1339822 Percentage 72.35 4.05 5.99 4.79 2.51 9.75 0.59 100.00

Problems
V/c Ratios on major roads>1 Absence of road markings and signs On street parking reduce road width Inadequate foot paths Only two North South links (Baneerjee road and S A road ) Number of Level Crossings cause bottlenecks Number of missing links make trip detour Bus routing zig-zag and circuitous zigIntercity private buses originate in M.G.road causing traffic jams Road network hierarchy not followed Poor geometrics at intersections

New Developments in Kochi

ICT terminal LNG re gasification International Bunkering Terminal International Cruise terminal Port based Economic zone Smart(Dubai) city Fashion city

Short Term Measures

Provision of Road lane markings, zebra crossing and stop line at intersection Reflective type signage's at appropriate locations as per IRC norms Free left turns at major intersections Proper geometrics at junctions Installation of traffic signal where warranted

CBD Area Improvement

Ban of goods vehicles in Peak periods ie. 8 am to 12 noon and 5 pm to 8 pm Nala in the market rd to be covered by slab for LCV parking Shifting Parcel wholesale market behind the stadium

Railway station area

Encroachments along station rd to be removed and footpath of 2m to be provided Rearrangement of circulating area in south Station Commissioning of the northen entry to South Station

Haphazard Parking along M G Road

On Street Parking along M G Road

Haphazard Parking on Broadway

On Street Parking at High Court

Parking Management On street parking to be charged

Long term
Car 2 wheeler Rs 25/25/Rs 10/10/-

Short term
Rs 10/10/Rs 5/5/-

The above money collected can be used for maintaining the road furniture

Off Street Parking

Parking demand
M.G road 400 ECU Shanmugam road 1250 ECU -warrant Multistoried Parking

Locations
- Exhibition ground - Maharaja College - Stadium on Edapally road(At grade)

New Link to Vypeen Islands

Road widening proposals

S.No. Name Length Existing Lanes (Km)
10 2

Proposed Cost * Lanes (Rs. In Lakhs)

4 1050

1 2

Edakochi Road (from Thopumpady to Aroor) Coastal (Beach) Road connecting P.T.Jacob Road Towards junction to Petta Towards Alleppey

4 21

1-1.5 1

2 2

250 1470

Tripunithura Road Vytilla junction to Petta Petta to S.N. Junction S.N.Junction to Anchuvilakku 3 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 350 155 140

Vaikom Road Tripunithura Anchuvilakku Jn. 2 2 4 280

To Police Station Jn. 5 Tripunithura-Kothamangalam Road (Anchuvilakku Jn. To ROB) 1 2 4 140

Road Widening proposals

S.No Name Length (Km)
6 7 8 9 Kochi-Madurai Tripunithura NH upto 4 15 3 1

Existing Lanes
2 38021 1 2

Propose d Lanes
4 6 4 4

Cost * (Rs. In Lakhs)

240 3150 525 140

M.C.Road Angamaly PBR Stretch Pullepady Thammanam Road (with ROB) Widening of Karshaka Road linking eastern side of the railway station Mathai Manjooran Bannerjee Road Road from

10 11

1 0

2 2

3 4

105 35

Palarivattom Road linking St. Maritan church to Plarivattam jn

Road Widening proposals

S.No Name Lengt h (Km)
13 Extension of S.C.Bose Road to Palarivattom / Vytilla Road (Convent Road) Widening of NH 47, NH 49A and NH 17 upto 4 lane & reservation of land for 6 lane within GCDA Area NH 47 NH 17 NH 49 A Aluva Parur Road Aluva-Parur Parur-Cherai 2 1 3

Existin Propose g Lanes d Lanes

Cost * (Rs. In Lakhs)

210

14

10 18

2 1.5-2

4 4 4 4 4

2000 2800

15

14 4

2 2

1960 560

Proposed new roads/Missing links

S.No. Name Length (Km)
0.6 1 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 3.5

Proposed Cost* Lanes (Rs. In Lakhs)

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1500 2400 900 1900 900 900 1900 1900 1500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Kumbalangi Ezhupunna Bridge Vaduthla-Perndoor-Edappally Bridge Mullessary Canal Road Overbridge Bhramapuram Bridge Widening of North ROB or alternate ROB at level Crossing Widening of South ROB or alternate ROB at Level Crossing Bridge from Maradu to Thripunithura along Kochi Madura Highway Reconstruction of Chittor Vaduthala bridge Bund road Connecting NH By-pass to Thevera Road

Edapally Junction

Vytilla Junction

Proposed grade Separators

S.No.

Name

Length (Km)
0.6 1

Proposed Lanes
4 6

Cost* (Rs. In Lakhs)

840 1600

1 2

Vytilla ** (4 Lane) Edapally junction

Environmental Impact
Kochi posses natural backwaters considered to be the best in the world It is not only a scenic beauty but also attract large number of tourists. tourists. Thus back waters should not be disturbed /reclaimed , other-wise it will be an otherenvironmental disaster

Bus Parking near Gooshree Bridge

Terminals

The inter-city bus terminal at Rajaji road to be intershifted to Bye pass Full fledged truck terminal to be developed beyond Kallamessary Provision of Bus terminal for private intercity buses near Kallor Bus terminal at Northern end of marine drive

Additional Projects in view of Vallarpadam Port

A new 4 lane road to be constructed connecting Northen end of Marine drive toNH 47 Railway line to be extended to Port as Double line to cater to passenger traffic also Suitable mass transport system to connect city, port and the Smart city in the north. north.