An E-Based mixed-FEM and BEM Symmetric Coupling For A Time-Dependent Eddy Current Problem

The variational formulation
Existence and uniqueness

The discrete approximations
An E-based mixed-FEM and BEM symmetric
coupling for a time-dependent eddy current
problem
Ramiro Acevedo
1
, Salim Meddahi
2
1
Universidad del Cauca, Colombia
2
Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
WONAPDE 2010
Universidad de Concepcion, January 11 - 15
Acevedo & Meddahi A mixed-FEM and BEM coupling for eddy current problem
Outline
1
The model problem
An E-based formulation
The mixed-FEM and BEM symmetric coupling
2
The reduced problem
A stable decomposition of the kernel of b
Well-posedness
3
Analysis of the semi-discrete scheme
Analysis of the fully-discrete scheme
The model problem
The model problem
J: a given time dependent current density,
c
: a passive conductor.
Our aim:
to compute the eddy currents in the conductor.
The model problem
The time-dependent eddy current problem
Find an electric eld E(x, t) and a magnetic eld H(x, t):
t
(H) +curl E = 0 in R
3
(0, T),
curl H = J +E in R
3
[0, T),
div(E) = 0 in
_
R
3

c
_
[0, T),
_
i
E n = 0 in [0, T), i = 0, , I,
H(x, 0) = H
0
(x) in R
3
,
H(x, t) = O(1/ [x[) as [x[ ,
E(x, t) = O(1/ [x[) as [x[ .
The model problem
The geometrical setting of the domain
c
d
R
3
:
c
supp J .
d
:=
c
,
:= R
3

The model problem
The modied problem
E DOES NOT necessarily satisfy
E[
n = 0 on .
The shifted electric eld
E
:= E G, G :=
_
_
_
0 in
c
,
grad in
d
,
grad
ext
in
.
and
ext
are chosen such that
E
H(curl, R
3
), div (E
d
) = 0,
div (E
) = 0, E
n = 0 on .
The model problem
The E-based strong problem: Equations in
The unknown
u(x, t) :=
_
t
0
E
(x, s) ds
To eliminate H:
_

t
(H) +curl E
= 0
curl H = J +E
_
=
t
u +curl
1
curl u = f,
where
f := curl H
0
J.
The model problem
The E-based strong problem: the gauge conditions
The unknown
u(x, t) :=
_
t
0
E
(x, s) ds
The gauge condition
div u = 0 in
d
[0, T),
_
0
u n = 0 in [0, T), i = 0, , I.
The initial condition
u(x, 0) = 0 in .
The model problem
Transmission conditions: some kind of traces
The standard trace
: H
1
() H
1/2
(); v := v[
The normal trace
n
: H(div; ) H
1/2
();
n
v := v n
The tangential trace
: H(curl; ) H
1/2
(div
; ) ;
v := v n
The tangential component trace
: H(curl; ) H
1/2
(curl
; ) ;
v := n (v n)
The model problem
The E-based strong problem: Transmission conditions
The unknown
u(x, t) :=
_
t
0
E
(x, s) ds
n
(u) = 0 on [0, T),
u =
u on [0, T),
1
0
curl u
_
=
+
1
0
curl u
_
on [0, T).
The model problem
Equations in
:= R
3
and asymptotic conditions
The unknown
u(x, t) :=
_
t
0
E
(x, s) ds
curl curl u = 0 in
[0, T),
div u = 0 in
[0, T),
u(x, t) = O(1/ [x[) as [x[ ,
curl u(x, t) = O(1/ [x[) as [x[ .
The model problem
A mixed formulation in
t
u +curl
1
curl u = f in
The main variable u belongs to
J :=
_
v L
2
(0, T; H(curl; )) :
v[
c
W
1
(0, T, H(curl;
c
), H(curl;
c
)
)
_
.
The model problem
A Lagrange multiplier p belongs to
M(
d
) :=
_
q H
1
(
d
) :
_
d
q = 0, q[
i
= C
i
, i = 1, . . . , I
_
_
d
v gradq = 0 q M(
d
)
div v = 0 in
d
;
_
0
v n = 0, i = 0, , I.
The model problem
, )
,
: Duality pairing between H
1/2
(div
; ) and H
1/2
(curl
; )
with L
2
() as pivot space.
Find u J, p L
2
(0, T; M(
d
)) such that
d
dt
[(u(t), v)
0,
c
+ (v, gradp(t))
0,
d
] +
_
1
curl u, curl v
_
0,
1
curl u(t)
_
,
v
_
,
= (f(t), v)
0,
v H(curl; ),
(u(t), gradq)
0,
d
= 0 q M(
d
),
u[
c
(0) = 0,
Remark. If (u, p) verify the previous equations,
div
1
curl u
_
= 0
The model problem
Non local boundary conditions on
We introduce the space
H
1/2
0
() :=
_
H
1/2
() :
_
= 0
_
div
1
curl u
_
= 0
= ! H
1/2
0
() : curl
1
curl u
_
The rst equation of the mixed formulation in , leads to
d
dt
[(u(t), v)
0,
c
+ (v, gradp(t))
0,
d
] +
_
1
curl u, curl v
_
0,
curl
v)
,
= (f(t), v)
0,
v H(curl; ).
The model problem
Non local boundary conditions on
_
_
_
Homogeneous equations in
+
Decay conditions as [x[
_
_
_
=
_
_
_
for any x
u has an integral represen-

tation formula on
_
_
_
Integral operators on :
S(x) :=
_
x
_
E(x, y)(y) ds
y
_
,
V (x) :=
_
x
_
E(x, y)(y) ds
y
_
,
K(x) :=
+
_
x curl
x
_
E(x, y)(y) ds
y
_
,
where,
E(x, y) :=
1
4 [x y[
.
The model problem
Find u J, p L
2
(0, T; M(
d
)) and L
2
(0, T; H
1/2
0
()):
d
dt
[(u(t), v)
0,
c
+ (v, gradp(t))
0,
d
] +
_
1
curl u, curl v
_
0,
+
1
0
S(curl
u), curl
v)
1/2,
+ Kcurl
(t),
v)
,
= (f(t), v)
0,
,
curl
, V (curl
))
,
+
1
0
K(curl
),
u)
,
= 0,
(u(t), gradq)
0,
d
= 0,
u[
c
(0) = 0.
for any v H(curl; ), H
1/2
0
() and q M(
d
).
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Existence and uniqueness: The reduced problem
Hiptmair (2002)
The operator V is elliptic in H
1/2
(div
0; )
We introduce
R : H
1/2
() H
1/2
0
()
,
:
curl
, V (curl
))
,
= , )
1/2,
H
1/2
0
().
Consequently,
=
1
0
R(curl
u)
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Existence and uniqueness: The reduced problem
Problem RP. Find u J, p L
2
(0, T; M(
d
)) such that:
d
dt
[(u(t), v)
0,
c
+ (v, gradp(t))
0,
d
]
+
_
1
curl u, curl v
_
0,
+c(u, v) = (f(t), v)
0,
v H(curl; ),
(u(t), gradq)
0,
d
= 0 q M(
d
),
u[
c
(0) = 0,
where
c(u, v) :=
1
0
(curl
Scurl
+Kcurl
Rcurl
u,
v)
,
.
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Existence and uniqueness: The kernel of b.
The bilinear form:
b(v, q) := (v, gradq)
0,
; v H(curl; ), q M(
d
)
The kernel of b
V () := v H(curl; ) : b(v, q)
0,
= 0 q M(
d
)
u[
d
belongs to
V (
d
) :=v H
(curl;
d
) : b(v, q)
0,
= 0 q M(
d
)
=
_
v H
(curl;
d
) : div v = 0 in
d
;
n
v = 0 on ;
n
v, 1)
1/2,
i
= 0
_
.
(Fernandes & Gilardi, 1997)
There exists a real number s > 1/2 such that V (
d
) is continuously
imbedded in H
s
(
d
)
3
.
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Existence and uniqueness: a stable decomposition of V ().
On the space V (
d
):
|v|
H(curl;
d
)
C|curl v|
0,
d
.
There exists an extension operator c : H(curl;
c
) V ()
1
0
(curl cv
c
, curl w)
0,
d
+c(cv
c
, w) = 0 w V (
d
).
A stable decomposition of V ()
An inner product in V ():
(u, v)
V ()
:= (u, v)
+
_
1
curl u, curl v
_
0,
+c(u, v),
||
V ()
is equivalent to the H(curl; )-norm in V (),
V () =

V (
d
) c(H(curl;
c
))
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Sketch of the proof
We look for u := u
d
+ cu
c
. . . ,
u
d
is the solution of:
1
0
(curl u
d
(t), curl v)
0,
d
+c(u
d
(t), v)
= (f(t), v)
0,
d
v V (
d
),
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Sketch of the proof
We look for u := u
d
+ cu
c
. . . ,
u
c
is the solution of:
d
dt
(u
c
(t), v)
+
_
1
curl cu
c
(t), curl cv
_
0,
+c(cu
c
(t), cv)
= (f(t), cv)
0,
v H(curl;
c
),
with the initial condition
u
c
(0) = 0.
The reduced problem
The reduced problem
Well-posedness
Sketch of the proof:
Lagrange multiplier p: Inf-Sup condition of b.
Remark
The Lagrange multiplier p of our problem vanishes identically.
1
0
curl u
_
= curl
Space discretization
We approximate u with edge Nedelec elements:
X
h
() := v H(curl; ) : v[
K
^
m
, K T ,
where
^
m
:=
_
x a +b x, x K : a, b R
3
_
.
We approximate p in
M
h
(
d
) :=
_
q H
1
(
d
) : q[
K
P
1
K T
h
, (q, 1)
0,
d
= 0,
q[
i
= C
i
, i = 1, . . . , I
We approximate in
h
() :=
_
H
1/2
0
() : [
F
P
1
F T
h
()
_
Well-posedness
Sketch (as in the continuous case)
dene R
h
and obtain the reduced semi-discrete problem,
the seminorm in H(curl;
d
) is a norm in V
h
(
d
),
dene an extension discrete operator c
h
,
obtain a stable decomposition of the discrete kernel of b,
look for u
h
= u
d,h
+ c
h
(u
c,h
), discrete inf-sup condition of b,
etc.
Semi-discrete error estimates
If u H
1
(0, T; H(curl; )) and e
h
(t) := u(t) u
h
(t),
Ceas Lemma
sup
t[0,T]
|e
h
(t)|
2
H(curl;)
+
_
T
0
|e
h
(t)|
2
H(curl;)
dt +
_
T
0
|
t
e
h
(t)|
2
dt
C
_
_
T
0
_
inf
vX
h
()
|
t
u(t) v|
2
H(curl;)
+ inf
h
()
|
t
(t) |
2
1/2,
_
dt
+ sup
[0,T]
inf
h
()
|(t) |
2
1/2,
+ sup
t[0,T]
inf
vX
h
()
|u(t) v|
2
H(curl;)
_
A convergence result
If u and
1
curl u belong to
H
1
(0, T; H
r
(curl; )), (1/2 < r 1)
sup
t[0,T]
|e
h
(t)|
2
H(curl;)
+
_
T
0
|
t
e
h
(t)|
2
dt Ch
2r
,
_
T
0
|(t)
h
(t)|
2
1/2,
dt Ch
2r
.
The fully-discrete scheme
Time discretization: implicit Euler scheme.
Existence and uniqueness: as in the semi-dicrete case.
Convergence analysis: analogous results to the semi-discrete
case.

An E-Based mixed-FEM and BEM Symmetric Coupling For A Time-Dependent Eddy Current Problem

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

An E-Based mixed-FEM and BEM Symmetric Coupling For A Time-Dependent Eddy Current Problem

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

The variational formulation

Existence and uniqueness

The normal trace

u has an integral represen-

Você também pode gostar