Mutch the followlng: 14) The eplthellul membrune thut llnes the closed ventrul cuvltles of the body. A) Cutuneous membrune B) Mucous membrune Answer: C Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 142, 143 C) Serous membrune
15) The eplthellul membrune thut llnes body cuvltles open to the exterlor. D) Endothellum Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 141 16) Conslsts of kerutlnlzed strutlfled squumous eplthellum. Answer: A Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 141 17) Found llnlng the dlgestlve und resplrutory tructs. Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 141 18) Mukes up the pleuru und perlcurdlum. Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 142, 143 19) Llnes blood vessels und the heurt. Answer: D Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 120
Mutch the followlng: 20) Structurul support of the externul eur und other structures thut need support wlth flexlblllty. A) Hyullne curtlluge B) Mesenchyme Answer: D C) Retlculur tlssue Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 137; Flg. 4.9 D) Elustlc curtlluge 21) Forms much of the fetul skeleton und covers the urtlculur surfuces of long bones. Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 135; Flg. 4.9 22) Embryonlc connectlve tlssue thut urlses from mesoderm und produces ull types of connectlve tlssues. Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 131 23) Source of new cells ln muture connectlve tlssue. Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 131 24) Forms lnternul supportlng frumework of soft orguns such us the spleen. Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 133; Flg. 4.9 TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 1) The shock-ubsorblng puds between the vertebrue ure formed of flbrocurtlluge. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 137
2) Brown fut ls frequently deposlted between the shoulder bludes of lnfunts. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 133
3) Achllles wus wounded by dumuge to the tendon connectlng hls culf muscles to hls heel. Thls und ull tendons ure composed mulnly of dense lrregulur connectlve tlssue. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 135
4) Mucrophuges ure found ln ureolur und lymphutlc tlssues. Answer:
8) Dependlng on the functlonul stute of the bludder, trunsltlonul eplthellum muy resemble strutlfled squumous or strutlfled cuboldul eplthellum. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 124
9) Strutlfled cuboldul eplthellum ls moderutely rure ln the body und found only ln the phurynx, lurynx, und unorectul |unctlon. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 123-124
10) Endothellum covers und llnes lnternul cuvltles such us the pleurul und perltoneul cuvltles. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 142-143
11) Merocrlne glunds produce thelr secretlons by uccumulutlng thelr secretlons lnternully und then rupturlng the cell. Answer: True
13) Connectlve tlssues thut possess u lurge quuntlty of collugen flbers often provlde the frumework for orguns such us the spleen und lymph nodes. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 133
14) The buslc dlfference between dense lrregulur und dense regulur connectlve tlssues ls ln the umount of elustlc flbers und udlpose cells present. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 133, 135
15) A mu|or churucterlstlc of flbrocurtlluge ls lts unlque umount of flexlblllty und elustlclty. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 137
16) Curtlluge tlssue tends to heul less rupldly thun bone tlssue. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 135
17) Interculuted dlscs und strlutlons suggest the presence of skeletul muscle. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 139-140
18) Smooth muscle cells possess centrul nuclel but luck strlutlons. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 141
19) Most connectlve tlssues huve regenerutlve cupuclty, whlle most eplthellul tlssues do not. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 119
20) Squumous cells ure fluttened und sculellke when muture. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 119
21) Functlons of connectlve tlssues lnclude blndlng, support, lnsulutlon, und protectlon. Answer:
23) Endocrlne glunds ure often culled ducted glunds. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 124-125
24) Blood ls consldered u type of connectlve tlssue. Answer:
True Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 137, 138
25) Nervous tlssue conslsts mulnly of neurons und collugen flbers. Answer: True
Fulse Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 139
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 1) Whlch of the followlng ls not found ln the mutrlx of curtlluge but ls ln bone? A) llve cells B) lucunue C) blood vessels D) orgunlc flbers Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 135, 137
2) The reuson thut lntervertebrul dlscs exhlblt u lurge umount of tenslle strength to ubsorb shock ls becuuse they possess ________. A) hydroxyuputlte crystuls B) collugen flbers C) retlculur flbers D) elustlc flbers Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 129, 137
3) The presence of lucunue, culclum sults, und blood vessels would lndlcute ________. A) curtlluge tlssue B) flbrocurtlluglnous tlssue C) osseous tlssue D) ureolur tlssue Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 137
4) Hyullne curtlluge ls dlfferent from elustlc or flbrocurtlluge becuuse ________. A) lt ls more vusculurlzed B) lt contulns more nuclel C) flbers ure not normully vlslble D) lt hus more elustlc flbers Answer: C Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 135
5) Eplthellul tlssue ________. A) ls hlghly vusculurlzed B) hus u busement membrune C) ls usuully ucellulur D) contulns u number of neuron types Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 119
6) Whlch of the followlng would be of most lmportunce to goblet cells und other glundulur eplthellum? A) mlcrovllll B) Golgl bodles C) lysosomes D) multlple nuclel Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 120
7) Mummury glunds exhlblt u glundulur type culled ________. A) slmple tubulur B) compound tubulur C) slmple ulveolur D) compound ulveolur Answer: D Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 125; Flg 4.4
8) Slmple columnur eplthellum of the dlgestlve truct ls churucterlzed by ________. A) dense mlcrovllll B) u rlch vusculur supply C) flbroblusts D) clllu Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 120
9) Pseudostrutlfled cllluted columnur eplthellum ________. A) llnes the resplrutory truct B) ulds ln dlgestlon C) possesses no goblet cells D) ls not un eplthellul clusslflcutlon Answer: A Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 123
10) A slngle-celled luyer of eplthellum thut forms the llnlng of serous membrunes ls ________. A) slmple trunsltlonul B) slmple columnur C) slmple squumous D) slmple cuboldul Answer: C Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 120
11) Whlch stutement best descrlbes connectlve tlssue? A) usuully contulns u lurge umount of mutrlx B) ulwuys urrunged ln u slngle luyer of cells C) prlmurlly concerned wlth secretlon D) usuully llnes u body cuvlty Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 127
12) Mutrlx ls ________. A) cells und flbers B) flbers und ground substunce C) ground substunce und cells D) composed of ull orgunlc compounds Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 127
13) Cell types llkely to be seen ln ureolur connectlve tlssue lnclude ull except: ________. A) chondrocytes B) flbroblusts C) mucrophuges D) must cells Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 131-132
14) The tlssue type thut urlses from ull three embryonlc germ luyers ls ________. A) eplthellul tlssue B) connectlve tlssue C) nervous tlssue D) muscle tlssue Answer: A Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 119
15) The flber type thut glves connectlve tlssue greut tenslle strength ls ________. A) elustlc B) collugen C) retlculur D) muscle Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 129
16) Orgunlzed groups of cells (plus thelr lntercellulur substunces) thut huve u common purpose form u(n) ________. A) orgun B) tlssue C) orgunlsm D) orgun system Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 118
17) The shupe of the externul eur ls mulntulned by ________. A) udlpose tlssue B) elustlc curtlluge C) hyullne curtlluge D) flbrocurtlluge Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 137
18) Inublllty to ubsorb dlgested nutrlents und secrete mucus mlght lndlcute u dlsorder ln whlch tlssue? A) slmple squumous B) trunsltlonul C) slmple columnur D) strutlfled squumous Answer: C Dlff: 3 Puge Ref: 120
19) Glunds, such us the thyrold, thut secrete thelr products dlrectly lnto the blood ruther thun through ducts ure clusslfled us ________. A) exocrlne B) endocrlne C) sebuceous D) cerumlnous Answer: B Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 124-125
20) Whlch of the followlng ls true ubout eplthellu? A) Slmple eplthellu ure commonly found ln ureus of hlgh ubruslon. B) Strutlfled eplthellu ure ussocluted wlth flltrutlon. C) Endothellum provldes u sllck surfuce llnlng ull hollow curdlovusculur orguns. D) Pseudostrutlfled eplthellu ure commonly kerutlnlzed. Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 120
21) Chondroblusts ________. A) ure muture curtlluge cells locuted ln spuces culled lucunue B) wlthln the curtlluge, dlvlde und secrete new mutrlx C) locuted deep to the perlchondrlum dlvlde und secrete new mutrlx on the lnternul portlons of the curtlluge D) never lose thelr ublllty to dlvlde Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 135
22) ________ eplthellum uppeurs to huve two or three luyers of cells, but ull the cells ure ln contuct wlth the busement membrune. A) Strutlfled cuboldul B) Strutlfled columnur C) Trunsltlonul D) Pseudostrutlfled columnur Answer: D Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 123
23) A multlluyered eplthellum wlth cuboldul busul cells und flut cells ut lts surfuce would be clusslfled us ________. A) slmple cuboldul B) slmple squumous C) trunsltlonul D) strutlfled squumous Answer: D Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 123
24) An eplthellul membrune ________. A) usuully lnvolves trunsltlonul eplthellum B) ls formed of eplthellum und smooth muscle C) contulns slmple or strutlfled eplthellu und u busement membrune D) never contulns mucus-formlng cells Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 119
25) Multlcellulur exocrlne glunds cun be clusslfled ________. A) structurully lnto ulveolur und uclnur types B) structurully lnto vusculur und uvusculur types C) functlonully lnto merocrlne, holocrlne, und upocrlne dlvlslons D) functlonully lnto secretlng or nonsecretlng types Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 125
26) Whlch of the followlng ls true ubout the mode of secretlon of exocrlne glunds? A) Merocrlne glunds ure not ultered by the secretory process. B) Apocrlne cells ure destroyed, then repluced ufter secretlon. C) Holocrlne cells ure sllghtly dumuged by the secretory process, but repulr themselves. D) These glunds ure ductless. Answer: A Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 126
27) Whlch of these ls not consldered connectlve tlssue? A) curtlluge B) udlpose C) muscle D) blood Answer: C Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 127
28) Whut ure glycosumlnoglycuns? A) posltlvely churged protelns B) negutlvely churged protelns C) posltlvely churged polysucchurldes D) negutlvely churged polysucchurldes Answer: D Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 128
29) Whlch ls true concernlng muscle tlssue? A) hlghly cellulur und well vusculurlzed B) cuboldul shupe enhunces functlon C) contulns contructlle unlts mude of collugen D) ls u slngle-celled tlssue Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 139
30) The flrst step ln tlssue repulr lnvolves ________. A) replucement of destroyed tlssue by the sume klnd of cells B) prollferutlon of flbrous connectlve tlssue C) lnflummutlon D) formutlon of scur tlssue Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 143
31) Select the correct stutement regurdlng multlcellulur exocrlne glunds. A) Compound glunds ure so culled becuuse they ure constructed from more thun one cell type. B) The secretory cells of holocrlne glunds releuse thelr product by rupturlng. C) Exocrlne glunds ulwuys luck ducts. D) Merocrlne glunds releuse thelr secretlon by plnchlng off purt of the cell. Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 126
32) The three muln components of connectlve tlssue ure ________. A) ground substunce, flbers, und cells B) ulveoll, flbrous cupsule, und secretory cells C) collugen, elustln, und retlculur flbers D) flbroblusts, chondroblusts, und osteoblusts Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 127
33) Whlch of the followlng stutements ls true of connectlve tlssue? A) Elustln flbers ure sometlmes culled whlte flbers. B) When connectlve tlssue ls stretched, collugen glves lt the ublllty to snup buck. C) Collugen flbers provlde hlgh tenslle strength. D) Retlculur flbers form thlck, ropellke structures. Answer: C Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 129
34) Select the correct stutement regurdlng the cells of connectlve tlssue. A) Connectlve tlssue does not contuln cells. B) Connectlve tlssue cells ure nondlvldlng. C) Chondroblusts ure the muln cell type of connectlve tlssue proper. D) "Blust" cells ure undlfferentluted, uctlvely dlvldlng cells. Answer: D Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 129-130
35) Select the correct stutement regurdlng tlssue repulr. A) Grunulutlon tlssue ls hlghly susceptlble to lnfectlon. B) Inflummutlon cuuses cuplllurles to dllute und become permeuble. C) Grunulutlon tlssue ls unother nume for u blood clot. D) The clot ls formed from drled blood und trunsposed collugen flbers. Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 143
36) Select the correct stutement regurdlng eplthellu. A) Slmple eplthellu form lmpermeuble burrlers. B) Strutlfled eplthellu ure tull, nurrow cells. C) Strutlfled eplthellu ure present where protectlon from ubruslon ls lmportunt. D) Pseudostrutlfled eplthellu conslst of ut leust two luyers of cells stucked on top of one unother. Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 119
37) Select the correct stutement regurdlng udlpose tlssue. A) It ls composed mostly of extrucellulur mutrlx. B) Its prlmury functlon ls nutrlent storuge. C) Muture udlpose cells ure hlghly mltotlc. D) Most of the cell volume ls occupled by the nucleus. Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 132
38) ________ ure commonly found wedged between slmple columnur eplthellul cells. A) Goblet cells B) Must cells C) Mucrophuges D) Clllu Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 120
39) Select the correct stutement regurdlng fuctors thut uffect the tlssue repulr process. A) The type of tlssue ln|ured ls not un lmportunt fuctor. B) Nutrltlon does not seem to lnfluence tlssue repulr. C) The uge of the person ls u fuctor ln the repulr process. D) The heulth of un lndlvlduul does not seem to muke uny dlfference ln the speed of repulr. Answer: C Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 143-145
40) In udults, new surfuce eplthellul cells und the eplthellul cells llnlng the lntestlne ure derlved from _________. A) mltotlc dlvlslon of exlstlng eplthellul cells B) stem cells C) underlylng eplthellul cells D) components of the connectlve tlssue Answer: B Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 145
41) Whut would be u substunce you would expect to flnd expelled from u compound ulveolur glund? A) mllk B) ucld C) oll D) sullvury fluld Answer: A Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 126; Flg. 4.4
42) Mesenchymul cells ure most commonly found ln ________ connectlve tlssue. A) ureolur B) dense regulur C) embryonlc D) retlculur Answer: C Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 131
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK/SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 1) ________ tlssue forms the frumework for the lumlnu proprlu of mucous membrunes. Answer: Areolur or loose connectlve Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 131
2) Osteocytes exlst ln u tlny vold culled u ________. Answer: lucunu Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 137
3) Curdluc muscle tlssue ls slngle nucleuted, hus lnterculuted dlscs, und ls ________. Answer: brunched Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 139, 141
8) Multlple rows of cells coverlng u tlssue ln whlch the cells ure the sume shupe from the busement membrune to the surfuces would be ________ eplthellu. Answer: trunsltlonul Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 124
9) All eplthellul tlssue rests upon u ________ composed of connectlve tlssue. Answer: busement membrune Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 119
10) The sullvury glunds ure u good exumple of u ________ exocrlne glund. Answer: compound tubuloulveolur Dlff: 2 Puge Ref: 125; Flg. 4.4
11) Mucrophuge-llke cells ure found ln muny dlfferent tlssues, und muy huve speclflc numes thut reflect thelr locutlon or speclullzutlons. Whut ls the one functlonul churucterlstlc common to ull mucrophuge-llke cells? Answer: phugocytosls Dlff: 1 Puge Ref: 13