1. R.S.

S
RSS is a Hindu Nationalist movement in India. The RSS is the ideological fountainhead of various Hindu groups including India's governing Bharatiya Janata Party. The RSS came into existence in 1925 in the City called f Nagpur with a direct objective to make India a Hindu nation. Today the organization has around 4.5 million active members across India and over 100 affiliate bodies. RSS founder KS Hegdewar gave the organization an ideological framework and developed it into a sizeable network throughout India with one aim Hindu Rashtra. Many of the RSS members take part in military drills and exercises because a guiding principle of the organization is that India should be Hinduised and militarised and its hard-line ideology is based on intolerance towards religious minorities. The RSS grew in size when MS Golwarkar was nominated as successor to Mr. Hedgewar in 1940.However, during his 15-year stewardship he consciously kept the organization from having a direct affiliation with any of the political organizations then fighting British rule. He steered the organization through a difficult time, and remained in charge for 33 years. A militant Hindu who had once been an RSS member assassinated Mahatma Gandhi in 1948. This incident made ban on the organization imposed by the government. This undoubtedly damages the image of RSS. Till the Mahatma Gandhi's murder, the RSS capitalized on the departure of millions of Muslims to the newly created Pakistan at the time of partition. The organization used this mass Muslim migration as an opportunity to intensify its campaign for India to become a Hindu nation. The ban on the RSS was lifted

in 1950 when it gave an undertaking that it would work under its own written constitution. Its drive to be at the centre of right-wing Hindu thinking was enhanced when its members played a key role in the launch of a new right-wing Hindu party, Janasangh, in October 1950. The new party mainly drew its support from Hindu refugees who had come from Pakistan. The majority party in India's current governing coalition, the BJP, was formed by many that were in the Janasangh party before it was disbanded. The BJP itself is considered a political off-shoot of the RSS. The RSS has been banned on two other occasions since 1948. Once in 1975, when Indira Gandhi was Prime Minister, and in 1993 because of its perceived role in the demolition of the 464-year-old mosque in the northern town of Ayodhya. Although the RSS claims to be a Socio-cultural organization without a political agenda, this has often been debated and challenged.

2. V.H.P. VHP Established in Mumbai in 28/8/1964 and they had following world Hindu conferences First World Hindu Conference at Prayag 1963, Second World Hindu Conference at Prayag, 1974 Viraat Hindu Sammelan Milton Keynes 1987, Hindu Shibirs and Sammelans in Bharat and other countries The Objectives of the V.H.P is: To strengthen and invincible the global Hinduism, and share the faith of the Hindu religion, and make Hinduism as great religion in whole world.

To spread Hindu Dharma as a Santana Dharma means there is no origin or end of the Hindu Dharma, and to encourage people to believe on this Dharma,

To promote activities of education and some rehabilitation to the poor people in India They wanted bring no discrimination on the grounds of religion sex, cast, race of color.

To share Hindu religion and strengthen the people. To keep Hindu Dharma as a Santa Dharma and keep the Indian Sanskriti Their other activity is to oppose Christianity Muslims and Communities. VHP

believes in global Hinduism, and to make Hindu mission and engages in preparing a commitment missionaries in whole over world. The parishad is significant movement in this modern period, since last 25 years it has been defending and supporting to the Hinduism in national and in international level, and they started their work in enthusiastic mood. But at present days they have failed to do that kind of work. VHP is working to bring together various Hind sects, creeds, and faith, for the common good of Hindu dharma, they started this organization to organize the Hindu world, since the Christianity, Islam and communism being dogmatic and intolerant of other religions. 3. Bajrang Dal The Bajrang Dal, or vanar sena (army of apes), as it is infamously called because of the unjustifiable activities done by its members, was born 15 years ago, just as the Ramjanmabhoomi movement was beginning to roll off the ground. The Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), which was spearheading the movement with the unexpressed blessing of the Sangh Parivar, had planned the Sri Ram Janki Yatra, from Ayodhya to Lucknow,

which immediately ran into trouble with the Uttar Pradesh state authorities. Stung by the state's determination to stop the procession, the yatris made a clarion call to Hindu youths in surrounding villages for protection. By the time the yatra reached the state capital, a name was already found for the band of Hindu `soldiers' -- the Bajrang Dal.

What began as a temporary security arrangement, soon swelled to a menacing army of misguided youths who were preyed upon and infused with a fatal potion: a sense of``colossal historical wrongdoing'' and ``wounded Hindu pride''. Heady with a new sense of purpose and direction, the Bajrang Dal's Hindu Yuva Shakti (youth power) was successfully employed to carry out a campaign of terror and destruction in the Parivar's eternal quest to cleanse and purify Hindu society. The Bajrang Dalis became the foot soldiers of the Parivar's army, ready and alert for the call of battle. Training camps were set up on the outskirts of Ayodhya, called Karsevapuram, on the banks of the Gomti River, where youths lived in dormitories and learnt the art of war. The combat wear was equally fierce -- blazing saffron bandanas and shirts, glistening, giant trishuls and swords in their hands, and provocative slogans in the air. Hindutva had truly arrived.

As the militant, rabble-rousers muscled their way around and successfully set up centers all over the cow belt, to the satisfaction of the Parivar's patriarchs, the Bajrang Dal gave the kick-start to the Ramjanmabhoomi movement. They participated in the shilanyas after the doors of the Babri Masjid were unlocked by a court order, organized bandhsand demonstrations in the name of Ram, which most often ended violently, but their first foray outside UP, however, was in 1989, when the organisation announced it

would chant the Hanuman chalisa in Jama Masjid, New Delhi. In a few months, Dal activists joined the big league when they led L.K.Advani's 1991 rath yatra, roaring alongside Advani's Toyota chariot on motorbikes in full combat gear, leaving behind a trail of violence and destruction.

It was in this atmosphere of hatred and fear, that the plan to demolish the Babri Masjid quietly unfolded, and on December 6, 1992, the job was ruthlessly accomplished. If there were any hopes the Bajrang Dal would disband and go back to their previous lives but the ban on the Bajrang Dal with the RSS and VHP, after the demolition of the mosque, gave it a separate identity to Bajrang Dal. As a great nuisance value, the crazy of the Hindutva movement, soon gave way to a group that was spread out, organised, well-funded, and with immense muscle power. Though the Dal has steadfastly maintained it has no political ambitions but exists purely to ``liberate and unshackle Hindu samaj'' and is not associated with any political party including the BJP, its members (also from its parent organisation, the VHP however, soon filled Parliament and the UP Legislative Assembly after the 1991 elections.

Arun Katiyar, the Dal's first convenor, was elected an MP, and he was part of the clutch of sadhus and sants that thundered into Parliament as elected members, brandishing trishuls and kamandals. For a year-and-a-half, until the militant organisations were banned (December 10, 1992), the BJP looked on benignly as the sadhus and Dal MPs and MLAs vociferously agitated for their demands raging from changing the Constitution radically to the familiar one of a ban on cow slaughter.

The violence and terror that has followed with Bajrang Dal and they murder of an Australian missionary and his two sons, has once again brought back nightmares. By calling the violence against Christian missionaries a ``natural reaction'' of the local people to ``forced conversions'', the Dal once again thrust itself in the forefront, willing as always to start another debate on the threat to Hinduism from minority communities

4. Ayodhya Movement This Movement started on controversy of an existence of Babri Mosque and Rama Temple in the same location. The history says that in eleventh century devotees of Rama built a Rama temple at Ayodhya. Ayodhya is considered to be the birthplace of the mythological Rama. In 1528 Mir Baqi, a nobleman from the court of Babar destroyed the temple and built a mosque at Ayodhya. From the time of invasions of Muslims and the destruction of the temple caused the Ayodhya movement. The agenda of the Ayodhya movement is to build Rama temple at the dispute area of Ramjanmaboomi. For this project the movement collected enough money from abroad and this money also diverted to political motivation. This movement has been known to create the communal violence by using the name of Rama. The ideology is that there should be Ramas temple in Ayodhya. Those are the workers of Ayodhya Movement have used as a main ideology. The ideologies of the Ayodhya Movement end up in the destruction of the Babri Masjid. Union home minister L K Advani, who developed Hindutva into a potent political tool, today forcefully defended the Ayodhya movement as one that strengthened the cause of nationalism. As we have seen that their ideologies are to build a Rama

temple. Now their activities are also similar to their goals, the activity of Ayodhya movement is very wide and strong. Rama is famous in north India, and he doesnt have much influence in South of India. Now this group of people wants to make famous Rama in the south India too, so this people did that before breaking down Babri Masjid they shown Ramayana (the serial based on Ramas life) on TV, so that every peoples of the India will see that serial and come to know and have great faith on lord Rama. Over all their main activities were to build Rama temple at Ayodhya and in every parts of the India, to collect offerings from the peoples, and to bring Hindutwa in India.

5 BJP The BJP is the successor party of the BJS (Bhartiya Janata Sangh), Syama Prasad Mookherjee had organized this movement for dedicated young men to follow the work at the political level. The party, which joint itself into the Janata Party in 1977. The BJP was formed as a separate party in 1980 after internal differences in the Janata Party resulted in the collapse of its government in 1979. Syama Prasad Mookherjee (19011953) who was the founder of the Bharatiya Janta Sangh. After consultation with Golwalkar (RSS) Mookerjee founded Bharatiya Jana Sangh on 21st Oct. 1951 at Delhi, and he became the first President of it. From 1951 1977 Bhartiya Janta Party was

known as Bharatiya Jana Sangh, and from 1977 1979 it was known as Janta Party. After 1980s it was known as Bhartiya Janta Party.

At the present the BJP is on power, and the BJP leaders are ruling India. Since 1998 BJP form a Government with NDA, BJP ruled in Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana,

Utter Pradesh, Delhi, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharastra. And likewise they were ruling almost most of the states of India, in 2002 BJP are ruling in Gujarat, Orrisa, Himachal Pradesh, and Jarkhand,. At present situation BJP is in only four States of India. Because some of the leaders are failed to rule rightly to the states, so now a days religion wise BJP is ruling but they have failed politically.

The BJP draws its Hindu nationalist creed from the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh ,a group founded in 1925 in opposition to Mohandas Gandhi and dedicated to the propagation of orthodox Hindu religious practices.

The BJP's direct political antecedent is the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, a party established in 1951 that stood in staunch opposition to what it perceived as the evils of Western cultural imperialism. Its principles were retained when the party was renamed the BJP in 1980. Opposed to the secular democracy advocated by the long-ruling Congress party. The BJP has objected to the separate code of civil laws for India's Muslims, supports India's nuclear defense capability, and favors restrictions on foreign investment. At first largely a northern party popular in Hindi-speaking areas among urban middleclass traders, by 1989 the BJP had won 85 seats in parliament. In the 1990s the party became part of the mainstream political life of India. It scored a major success in the 1996 general elections, winning the most parliamentary seats (161 of 545) but falling short of a majority. Shortly thereafter, the BJP formed a government, with its leader, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, as Prime Minister, but it fell prior to a confidence vote. The BJP again garnered the largest number of parliamentary seats in the 1998 and 1999 elections and

successfully formed governments, again with Vajpayee as Prime Minister and they are still in power.

7. Siva Sena On the 19th June 1966 the Shiv Sena as an organization was found. Striving for giving justice to the youth was born. In a little time this organization has developed so much. It has built itself into a formidable force of millions of young men and women, the Shivsainiks

In the early stage of the Indian history India was under the rule of British. But some of the revivalists came up for the reform of the India. And at that time this Shiv Sena as an organization was established. Shivsena was founded for achieving social eternity. Shivsena has molded the youth into a formidable force for fighting evil. Shiv Sena also was established for help to the people in distress as a fire fighting engine rushes to calm the flame. They believe that Shivsainik is like a burning torch. He shall burn the evil and he shall also show the path of life to those who are struggling in darkness. In the early stage of the Shiv Sena does not believe in petty differences like caste, creed, religion or language.

Shivsena wanted to work for the oppressed people who had no hope and who have been looking for somebody. Shiv Sena shall raise their voice against the corruption. Utmost love towards Motherland and constructive social work has been Shivsena's goals. Also they work as a religious group to oppose conversion. Shivsena taught the youth to

be self reliant, strong and dedicated to the cause. Instead of relying upon the government to do something, it preached the message "Your Hands are hands of God. Work and you shall succeed. These are the main teachings of the Shiv Sena. To develop a strong, upright and cultured youth, aware of responsibilities and duties towards the motherland and the society. So they may fight with the other faiths belief, and oppose the conversion. To develop a strong youth force which shall be always willing to do any sacrifice for the motherland, in order to save their religion. To remove depression from the mind of young generation, and to teach confidence that they can fight against the evils, illiteracy and poverty. To provide education and training in various fields of life.

Shivsena never came up to be a political party. In the initial period, though Shivsena participated in the election process and politics, it never worked in quest of power. But now as a group and team mostly they have left their first occupation as social workers, now they are full swing political party. Every organization undergoes changes in course of time. In a last about 31 years, Shivsena have developed into a national force. Passage of years made it clear that it is necessary for Shivsena to emerge as a Political Party to serve the people. The attracted people is Shivsena's 'straight to the point ideology', capacity to identify issues and ability to find immediate and effective solutions to the problems. It is time that everyone, irrespective of his political affiliation, religion, caste or creed, should come under Shivsena's saffron flag in Hindustan for building a strong Hindustan.

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