Reactivity of Halide Ions lab

Andres Coca period 5

Testable Question: What will happen to different halide salts found in the body if various compounds are added to the halide? How will the halides react? Introduction: For this lab we tested 6 halide salts found in the body, and their reactivity when a compound is added. We tested the halides NaF, NaCl, KBr, KI, and two unknown halides. To find the reaction of the halide, we are adding drops of Ca(NO3)2, AgNO3, AgNO3 + Na2S2O3, and NaOCI + Starch to the halides. Each halide will be separated from each other and the drops of each compound will be added to the halides, but it is one compound for one of the four halide rows, each compound will be in a different column. Hypothesis: If I mix drops of different compounds with halides found in the body, then I believe that the halides will stay in a liquid state and will remain at a calm level, causing no explosions or fumes to be released. I believe this because though some halides can have dangerous reactions, they will not react dangerously unless a certain amount of a dangerous compound is added, and we have a controlled amount of compound being added to the halides. Variables: Manipulated: Halide tested Controlled: amount of Ca(NO3)2, AgNO3, AgNO3 + Na2S2O3, and NaOCI + Starch Responding: reaction of halide Procedures: 1.Gather and prepare all materials 2.Add 5 drops of NaF to each of the four wells of row A 3.Add 5 drops of NaCl to each of the four wells of row B 4.Add 5 drops of KBr to each of the four wells of row C 5.Add 5 drops of KI to each of the four wells of row D 6.Add 5 drops of Unknown Halide 1 to each of the four wells of row E 7.Add 5 drops of Unknown Halide 2 to each of the four wells of row F 8.Put 5 drops of 0.1 M NaF into each of the four wells in row A. 9.Put 5 drops of 0.1 M NaCl in each of the wells in row B. 10.Put 5 drops of 0.2 M NaBr into each of the wells in row C. 11.Put 5 drops of 0.2 M NaI into each of the wells in Row D. 12.Reserve rows E and F for unknown solutions. 13.Add 5 drops of 0.5 M Ca(NO3)2 solution to each of the four halide solutions in Column 1. Record your observations in a data table. 14.Add 2 drops of 0.1 M AgNO3 solution to each of the halides in column 2 and 3. Record your data table colors of the precipitates formed. 15.Add 5 drops of 4 M NH3(aq) solution to the precipitates in column 2. Record your

Reactivity of Halide Ions lab

Andres Coca period 5

observations. 16.Add 5 drops of 0.2 M Na2S2O3 solution to the precipitates in column 3. Record your observations. 17.To the halides in column 4, add 5 drops of starch solution and 1 drop of 5% bleach solution. Record your observations. Save the results of testing the four halide solutions for comparison with tests of the unknown solutions. 18.Obtain an unknown solution containing a mixture of two halide ions. 19.Place 5 drops of the unknown mixture in each of the four wells in row F. 20.Add the reagents to each well as you did in Part 2. 21.Compare the results with those of the known halides in rows A-D. 22.Record your findings in the data table., and identify the unknowns in your sample. 23.Rinse the microplace in to the dishpan on the back sink counter. 24.Clean all apparatus and your lab station. 25.Return all equipment to its proper place. Data: Halide Salts NaF NaCl KBr KI Unknown #1 Unknown #2 Ca(NO3)2 Cloudy Clear Clear Clear Cloudy Lighter AgNO3 Cloudy Milky white Yellow Dirty Yellow Yellow Yellow AgNO3 + Na2S2O3 Yellow Dissolved Dissolved Lightened Dissolved Foggy NaOCI + Starch Cloudy white Cloudy white Clear Dark Blue Clear Clear

Analysis Question: 1. Procedure 14 is the procedure that confirmed the presence of the F, Br, Cl, and I ions, it confirmed their presence because once the AgNO3 was added, all of the halide ions became either cloudy, milky white, or yellow. Conclusion Questions: 1. A few generalizations that can be made about silver halides are that 2. Once the radioactive isotope is absorbed by plants it can become concentrated in the human body because the plants that absorb the isotope could be plants that humans eat, and once ingested by humans the isotope could group together and cause health problems, or the isotope could spread to the soil from the plant and any plant that is grown there will be infected so humans will continue to eat the isotope and once the isotope is concentrated enough it could kill someone or cause major health problems, a growth disorder could occur the same way, once a human eats the plant that absorbed the isotope and the human is infected, if said human

Andres Coca period 5 were to reproduce then its offspring would be born with the isotope in it and that could cause major growth disorders or issues. 3. Given the evidence from my table of data, I would conclude that the unknown halide #1 was the halide KBr, I know this because they share the same reaction for more than one compound that was added, perhaps it was a mixture of the halide KBr with another halide, but unknown halide #1 is KBr. And unknown halide #2 is quite a difficult one to completely known without any form of possible identification, but I am going to say that it is a mixture of halides NaF,KBr, and KI, I am saying it is a mixture because it shares reactions with all three halides, the reactions are the same for certain compounds added, but overall unknown halide #2 is not one single halide. Conclusion: After seeing the results of this lab, I would say that my hypothesis is correct, after adding the compounds to the halides, the y remained in a non-dangerous liquid state. No fumes were emitted from the halides, and they remained in a liquid state that was not dangerous when in the containment unit. The halides can be potentially dangerous if it comes within contact with human skin, but when it is left alone in a container it remains non-dangerous. Though my hypothesis was proven to be correct, this lab may be faulted by perhaps a drop too much of compound added to a halide, or maybe some water remained in the well holding the halide and compound from when we initially rinsed and cleaned the wells. Also the age of the compounds or halides are a potential issue to the quality control of the lab. These examples are evidence that this lab is not 100% accurate, based on some potential flaws I witnessed. In this lab it is shown how 6 different halides react when 4 different compounds are added. Each halide reacted differently when comparing results of all compounds added. All 6 halides remained in a non-dangerous state in the wells in which it was contained in. The lab is not 100% error free though, but I am going to say that it has a low amount of error if any, we carefully conducted this lab and our results are as accurate as we could reach.

Reactivity of Halide Ions lab

Trends : The atomic number increases, atomic radii decreases, ionization energies increases, and metallic properties decrease when going left to right throughout the table of elements. And the atomic number increases, atomic radii increases, ionization energy decreases, and the metallic properties increase when going down the periodic table of elements Group 17: Group 17 is the halogen group, a few examples of halogens are iodine and chlorine.

Andres Coca period 5 These elements are found in cleaning products such as disinfectants, bleach, and they can also be found in salts. Halogens are non-metal elements. They form ions with a -1 charge. Halogens are highly reactive and their physical properties usually vary amongst the different elements.

Reactivity of Halide Ions lab