ECE 2B Lab #1

Lab 1
Di ode Ci r c ui t s
Over vi ew
Tabl e of Cont ent s
Background information 2
Current-Voltage Characteristics and Modeling 2
Diode Types and Selection 3
Breakdown and Zener Diodes 4
Light-Emitting Diodes and Displays 5
References 6
Pre-lab Preparation 7
In-Lab Procedure 8
1.1 Diode I-V Curves and Biasing 8
Diode Forward I-V Characteristics 8
Diode Biasing Calculations 8
Diodes in Series 9
Diodes in Parallel 9
1.2 Clipping Circuits and Rectifiers 10
Clippers or Limiters 10
Zener-Based Clamp 11
Half-Wave Rectifier 11
Capacitive Smoothing 11
Full Wave Rectifier 12
1.3 Diode Voltage Multipliers 12
DC Restorer Circuit 12
Voltage Doubler 13
Cockroft-Walton Multipliers 13


Bac k gr ound i nf or mat i on
anode anodos
cathode kathodos
diode
Current-Voltage Characteristics and Modeling
V
on
br
V
I
V
Reverse
saturation
region
Forward
conduction
region
V
on
V
br
I
V
Forward
conduction
region
V
on
V
br
Real Diode Characteristic Simple Approximation
V
I
I
V
Reverse
saturation
region
Forward
conduction
region
V
on
V
br
I
V
Forward
conduction
region
V
on
V
br
Real Diode Characteristic Simple Approximation
V
I
I-V
V
br
V
t
Background information
s
qV nkT
I I e
(
=

n
s
I kT q ~
T K =
s
I
T
s
V nV
I I e ~ V >
T
V kT q =
s
I I ~ V <
V
on
V
br
Diode Types and Selection
Rectifier diodes
Switching diodes
Schottky
Zener diodes
Light-emitting diodes
t
V ~

size

Breakdown and Zener Diodes

br
V
always
V
z
I
z
I
z
V
z
Background information
Light-Emitting Diodes and Displays
I
V
Reflector Reflector
LED
symbol

displays
References
Pre-lab Preparation
Pr e-l ab Pr epar at i on
Before Coming to the Lab




Calculations

Parts List
Qty Description
2 LED, Green diffused, 5mm (T1 3/4) 20mA
2 LED, Red diffused, 5mm (T1 3/4) 20mA
2 1N4148 Switching Diodes DO-35 axial
2 1N4001 Rectifier Diodes DO-41 axial
2 1N746A 3.3V Zener DO-35 axi al
1 LF351 op-amp DIP-8
2 0.1uF capaci tor (CKO5 low-volt. Ceramic)
2 Electrol yti c Capaci tors 1uFd / 25V, | Radi al |
2 Electrol yti c Capaci tors 10uFd / 25V, | Radial |
2 Electrol yti c Capaci tors 100uFd / 25V, | Radial |
2 100 Ohm 1/4W, Resistor
4 470 Ohm 1/4W, Resistor
4 1K Ohm 1/4W, Resistor
2 10 Kohm 1/4W, Resistor
2 PC Mount Tactile push-buitton switch (PB1)

I n-Lab Pr oc edur e

1.1 Di ode I -V Cur ves and Bi asi ng
Diode Forward I-V Characteristics

Diode Biasing Calculations



V
d
1 k
V
s
A
V
I
d
V
d
1 k
V
s
A
V
I
d
12 V V
d
R
I
d
12 V V
d
R
I
d
Diode I-V Curves and Biasing

Diodes in Series

Diodes in Parallel
12 V
V
out
1 k
12 V
V
out
1 k
R
L
470
V
s
V
s
R
R
V
s
R

diodes or LEDs in parallel each one should have its own bias
resistor
anti-parallel
V
s
R
Green Red
Green
Red
1.2 Cl i ppi ng Ci r c ui t s and Rec t i f i er s
Clippers or Limiters
out
V <

in
V
V
in
V
out

V
in
10 k
V
out
Clipping Circuits and Rectifiers
Zener-Based Clamp

in
V

Half-Wave Rectifier



Capacitive Smoothing

Be sure to hook up the capacitor
V
in
10 k
V
out
V
out
V
in
10 k
V
in
V
out
t
V
in
V
out
t
AC in
Bright
Off
Dim
Lamp
V
out
V
in
10 k
C
L

with the correct polarity.

Full Wave Rectifier

1.3 Di ode Vol t age Mul t i pl i er s

DC Restorer Circuit
p
V
p
V
p
V


V
out
V
in
1 k
1 F
V
in
V
out
10 k
Diode Voltage Multipliers
Voltage Doubler



Cockroft-Walton Multipliers
Cockroft-Walton voltage
multipliers

V
in
V
out
V
in
V
out
N NV
p
p
V
1 F
V
in
V
out
100 k
1 F

Congr at ul at i ons!
You have now
c ompl et ed Lab 1
Notes on the Report
I-V Curves
Diodes in Series
Clippers and Limiters
Rectifiers
Multipliers