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(outer surface) Insertion Ilitibial tract; Femur: gluteal tuberosity Lateral surface: greater trochanter Action ExLR (hip joint) Extend (knee joint) Abducts thigh; tilts pelvis when walking (permitting opposite leg to clear ground) Abducts thigh; tilts pelvis when walking Extend knee jt. (assist Gmax) LR thigh (hip jt.) LR thigh (hip jt.) Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Anterior surf.: greater trochanter Ilitibial tract Upper border: greater trochanter Upper border: greater trochanter Upper border: greater trochanter Upper border: greater trochanter Femur: quadrate tubercle
Superior gluteal nerve Superior gluteal nerve st nd 1 -2 sacral nerve Sacral plexus
Tensor fasciae latae Piriformis Obturator internus Gemellus superior Gemellus inferior Quadratus femoris
Iliac crest Ant.surface: sacrum Inner surface: obturator membrane Spine: ischium Ischial tuberosity Lat.border: ischial tuberosity
Levator ani
Coccygeus
Muscles of the Pelvic Walls and Floor Origin Insertion Action Front of sacrum Femur:greater LR femur (hip jt.) trochanter Obturator Femur: greater LR femur (hip jt.) membrane trochanter Adjoining part of hip bone Body of pubis, Perineal body; Support pelvic fascia of obturator anococcygeal viscera; sphincter internus, spine of body; walls of to anorectal ischium prostate; vagina; junction and rectum; anal canal vagina Spine of ischium Lower end of Assist levator ani sacrum; coccyx to support pelvic viscera; flexes
Innervations Sacral plexus Nerve to obturator internus from sacral plexus 4th sacral nerve, pudendal nerve
coccyx
Muscles of Anterior Fascial Compartment of Thigh Muscle Sartorius Origin ASIS Insertion Upper medial surface of shaft of tibia With psoas into lesser trochanter of femur Action FlexAbdER (thigh) FlexIR (leg at kee jt.) Flexion (thigh on trunk) Fixed thigh: flex thigh in sitting up frm.lying down *same as iliacus Innervations Femoral nerve
Iliacus
Femoral nerve
Psoas
T1-T12 and L1-L5: transverse process,bodies & IV discs Pubis: superior ramus
Lumbar plexus
Pectineus
Upper end: linea aspera of shaft of femur *Quadriceps tendon into patella *Ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia *Same as rectus femoris * same as rectus femoris & vastus lat. *same
FlexAdd (thigh)
Femoral nerve
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus femoris Straight head: AIIS Reflected head: ilium above acetabulum
Femoral nerve
Femur: upper end and shaft Femur: upper end and shaft Ant.& lat.suarface of shaft of femur
Vastus intermedius
Extends leg at knee joint *Extends leg at knee jt. *Stabilizes patella * extends leg at knee jt. *articularis genus retracts synovial membrane
Femoral nerve
Medial Fascial Compartment of the Thigh Muscle Gracilis Origin Pubis:inferior ramus Insertion Upper part of shaft of tibia on medial Action Adducts thigh,flex leg Innervations Obturator nerve
Adductor longus
surface Post.surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera) Posterior surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera) Femur:post.surface (shaft), adductor tubercle
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
*AdFlex Adducts thigh at hip jt., assist in lateral rotation *AdER Adducts thigh at hip jt.,assist in lateral rotation *AdER AdER (thigh), extension of thigh (hamstring portion)
Obturator nerve
Obturator nerve
Obturator externus
LR(thigh)
Muscles of the Posterior Fascial Compartment of Thigh Muscle Biceps femoris Origin Long head: ischial tuberosity Insertion Head of fibula Action Flex and lat.rot.leg (knee jt.) Extends thigh (hip jt.) Innervations Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
Semitendinosus
Short head: linea aspera, lat.supracondylar ridge of shaft of femur Ischial tuberosity
Semimembranosus
Ischial tuberosity
Ischial tuberosity
Flex and med.rot.leg (knee jt.) Extend thigh (hip jt.) Flex and med.rot.leg (knee jt.) Extend thigh (hip jt.) Extend thigh (hip jt.)
Muscles of the Anterior Fascial Compartment of the Leg Muscle Tibialis anterior Origin -lateral surface of shaft of tibia -interosseous membrane Fibula: anterior surface of shaft Fibula(shaft): anterior surface Fibula(shaft): anterior surface Insertion Medial cuneiform; base of 1st metatarsal bone Action Extend foot, invert foot, hold up medial longitudinal arch of foot extend toe and foot extend foot, everts foot Extend big toe; extend foot; inverts foot *ExIn extend toes Innervations Deep peroneal nerve
extensor expansion of lateral 4 toes base of 5th metatarsal bone Base of distal phalanx of great toe 4 tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe and long extensor tendons to 2nd,3rd,and 4th toes
Calcaneum
Muscles of the Lateral Fascial Compartment of the Leg Muscle Peroneus longus Origin Fibula(shaft): lateral surface Insertion Base of 1st metatarsal and the medial cuneiform Action Plantar flex foot; everts foot; support lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot Plantar flex foot; everts foot; support lateral longutinal arch of foot Innervations Superficial peroneal nerve
Peroneus brevis
Muscle of the Posterior Fascial Compartment of the Leg Muscle Origin SUPERFICIAL GROUP Gastrocnemius -lateral head from lateral condyle of femur -medial head from above medial condyle Plantaris Femur: lateral supracondylar ridge Soleus Shaft of tibia and fibula Insertion Via tendo calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneum Action Plantar flex foot; flexes knee jt. innervation Tibial nerve
Calcaneum: posterior surface Via tendo calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneum
Plantar flex foot; flex knee jt. Plantar flexor (with gastrocs); provide main propulsice force in walking and running
Tibialis posterior
Flexes leg; unlocks knee jt. By lat.rot.of femur on tibia, slackens ligaments of joints Tibia(shaft):posterior Base of distal Flex distal surface phalanges of lat.4 phalanges of toes lateral 4 toes; plantar flex foot; support medial and lateral longitudinal arches of foot Fibula(shaft): Base of distal Flex distal phalanx post.surface phalanx of big toe of big toe; plantar flex foot; support medial longitudinal arch of foot Posterior surface of Navicular bone: Plantar flex foot; shaft of tibia and tuberosity inverts foot; fibula; interosseous Other neighboring support medial membrane bones longitudinal arch of foot
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve
Muscles of the Sole of the Foot Muscel First Layer Abductor hallucis Origin Calcaneum:medial tuberosity Flexor retinaculum Calcaneum: medial tubercle Insertion Base of proximal phalanx of big toe 4 tendons to 4 lat.toes inserted into borders of middle phalanx; tendons perforated by those of flexor digitorum longus Base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe Action FlexAbd big toe; brace medial longitudinal arch Flex lat.4 toes; brace medial and lateral longitudinal arches innervation Medial plantar nerve Medial plantar nerve
Calcaneum: medial and lateral tubercle Calcaneum: medial and lateral sides FDL tendons
FlexAbd 5th toe; brace lateral longitudinal arch Assist FDL in flexing lateral 4 toes Extend toe at IP jt.
Flexor digitorum longus tendon Dorsal extensor expansion; base of proximal phalanges of lateral 4 toes Base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
Lateral plantar nerve 1st lumbrical: medial plantar nerve Remainder: lateral plantar nerve Tibial nerve
Lumbricals (4)
FDL tendon
Tibia(shaft): post.surface
FHL tendon
Fibula(shaft): post.surface
Flex distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes; plantar flex foot; support medial and lateral longitudinal arches of foot Flex distal phalanx of big toe; plantar flex foot; support medial longitudinal arch of foot Flex MTP jt.of big toe, support medial longitudinal arch
Tibial nerve
Third Layer Medial tendon into medial side of proximal phalanx of big toe; lateral tendon into lateral
Adductor hallucis
Oblique head bases of 2nd,3rd,and 4th metatarsal bones; transverse head from plantar ligaments Base of 5th metatarsal bone
side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
Dorsal (4)
Plantar (3)
Inferior surface of 3rd,4th, and 5th metatarsal bone Fibula(shaft): lateral surface
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe Fourth Layer Interossei Base of proximal phalanges; first: medial side of 2nd toe; remainder: lat.sides of 2nd,3rd,and 4th toes; dorsal extensor expansion Medial side of bases of proximal phalanges of lateral 3 toes Base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
Adducts toes; flex MTP jt.; extend IP jt. *FlexAdEx Plantar flex foot; everts foot; support lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot Plantar flex foot; inverts foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
Tibial nerve
Muscle of the Dorsum of the Foot Muscle Extensor digitorum brevis Origin Anterior part of the upper surface of calcaneum and Insertion By 4 tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe Action Extends toes Innervations Deep peroneal nerve