LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

% wt% C S/cm AADT AARC AEP Ag AHD ALS AMD AMFB ANC ANFO ANZECC AP ARD ARI BCM BHPBC BOM CCP CHMP CHSECMS

Percentage Weight percentage Degree Degrees Celsius Micro Siemens per centimetre Annual Average Daily Traffic AustralAsian Resource Consultants Pty Ltd Annual Exceedance Probability Silver Australian Height Datum Australian Laboratory Services Acid Mine Drainage Amphibolite Acid Neutralising Capacity Ammonium Nitrate mixed with Fuel Oil Australia and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council Acid Potential Acid Rock Drainage Annual Recurrence Interval Bank Cubic Metre BHP Billiton Pty Ltd (Cannington) Bureau of Meteorology Community Consultation Program Cultural heritage Management Plan Cannington Health, Safety, Environment and Community Management System Centimetre Construction Cretaceous
Abbreviations and Glossary June 2010

cm Con. CRET
EIS

DECCW

Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) Department of Environment and Resource Management (Qld) Department of Mining and Energy (Qld) Design Storage Allowance Dry metric tonnes Dissolved Oxygen Design Storage Allowance Department of Transport and Main Roads (Qld) Environmental Authority Electrical Conductivity Environmental Investigation Level Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Monitoring Manual Environmental Management Plan Environmental Management System Equivalent Persons Environmental Protection Act 1994 Environmental Protection Regulation 2008 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Exploration Permits: Minerals Environmental Protection (Air) Policy 2008 Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2008 Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Policy 2000 Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 2009 Environmental Protection Policy Environmentally Relevant Activity Endangered Regional Ecosystems Environmentally Sensitive Areas Fly-In-Fly-Out Factors of Safety

DERM DME DSA dmt DO DSA DTMR EA EC EIL EIS EMM EM Plan EMS EP EP Act EP Regulation EPBC Act

EPM EPP (Air) EPP (Noise) EPP (Waste Management) EPP (Water) EPP ERA ERE ESA FIFO FoS

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

FY g/t GAB GAI GEC GL GNEISS ha HAS HBRA HEC-RAS HI h ID ILUA kg/t kL kL/d km km/h kPa KPI kt ktpa L L/s LFA LP Act

Financial Year Grams per tonne Great Artesian Basin Global Abundance Indices Gas Electricity Certificates Gigalitres Gneiss Hectare Historical Archaeological Site Health Based Risk Assessment Hydrologic Engineering Centres River Analysis System Historical Interest hour Insufficient Data Indigenous Land Use Agreement Kilograms per tonne Kilolitre Kilolitres per day Kilometre Kilometres per hour Kilopascal Key Performance Indicator Kilotonne Kilotonne per annum Litres Litres per second Landscape Function Analysis Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 Metre Cubic metre Cubic metres per hour

m m
3

m /h

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

m /s mm Mm
3

Cubic metres per second Millimetre Million cubic metres Metabisulfite (depressant) Mine Infrastructure Area Methylisobutylcarbinol (frother) Megalitre Mining Lease Mega litre per annum Megalitres per day millilitre Megalitres per annum Mega Pascal Maximum Potential Acidity Mineral Resources Act 1989 Metres Reduced Level Material Safety Data Sheet Million tonne Million tonnes per annum Mega-watt Mannings n Newton Non Acid Forming Net Acid Production Potential Nature Conservation Act 1992 Nature Conservation Wildlife Regulation 2006 National Environment Protection Council of Australia National Environment Protection Measures National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 North West Queensland Indigenous Awareness Course Neutralisation potential ratio

MBC MIA MIBC Ml ML Mlpa Ml/d ml Mlpa MPa MPA MR Act mRL MSDS Mt Mtpa MW n N NAF NAPP NC Act NCWR NEPC NEPM NGER Act NWQIAC NPR

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

NZ OC OEL PAF ppm PAWC Pb PbS PEGM PGA PJ pH PM PN ppm PPV QME QTST RE RL ROM s S SHMU SIA SG SMU SP Act SRF STP SWMP

North Zone Open cut Occupation Exposure Limit Potentially Acid Forming parts per million Poor Available Water Capacity Lead Galena Pegmatite Peak Ground Acceleration Petajoule Power of Hydrogen Particulate Matter Pressure Number Parts per million Peak Particle Velocity Queensland Mines and Energy Quartzite Regional Ecosystem Reduced level Run of Mine Second Sulfur Muscovite Schist Social Impact Assessment Specific Gravity Soil Management Unit Sustainable Planning Act 2009 Strength Reduction Factor Sewage Treatment Plant Site Water Management Plan

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

SZ t t/hr t/m TDS TOC TOR tpa TS TSF TSS UC UCS UG VM Act VMR WMP wmt WRD wt% WTP Zn ZnS

South Zone Tonne Tonnes per hour Tonnes per cubic metre Total dissolved salts Total organic carbon Terms of Reference Tonnes per annum Traffic Segment Tailings Storage Facility Total suspended solids Uncertain Unconfined Compressive Strength Underground Vegetation Management Act 1999 Vegetation Management Regulation 2000 Waste Management Plans Wet metric tonnes Waste Rock Dump Weight percentage Water Treatment Plants Zinc Sphalerite

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS

Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) - The balance between the acid-production and acid-consumption properties of a mine-waste material. Minerals in waste material (mostly sulfides and pyrite) react with water and oxygen to produce sulfuric acid. ABA consists of measuring the acid generating and acid neutralizing potentials of a rock sample. Acid-Base Account Plot The graphical representation of Total Sulfur content (%) versus ANC (kgH2SO4/t). This graphical representation shows the NAPP negative and NAPP positive zones. Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) Also called acid rock water or acid rock drainage, refers to the outflow of acidic water from (usually) abandoned metal mines or coal mines. Acid mine drainage occurs naturally within most environments as part of the rock weathering process. However, this is exacerbated by large-scale earth disturbances characteristic of mining and other large construction activities, usually within rocks containing an abundance of sulfide minerals. Acid Neutralising Capacity (ANC) A measure of the buffering capacity or inherent neutralising ability of the material (often due to the presence of carbonate minerals). This is determined by the addition of a known amount of standardised acid (H2SO4 or HCl) to an accurately weighed sample, allowing the sample time to react (with heating), then back-titrating the mixture with standardised NaOH to determine the amount of acid consumed by reaction with the sample. Units are in kg H2SO4 per tonne of ore. Alluvial Of or pertaining to alluvium: sand, silt, clay, gravel, or other matter deposited by flowing water, as in a riverbed, floodplain, delta, or alluvial fan. Alluvium is generally considered a young deposit in terms of geologic time. Ambient Noise The sum of (background) noise at a particular location. Amphibolite Metamorphic rock containing amphibole and plagioclase minerals formed under moderately high temperature / pressure conditions ANABAT Specialised electronic bat call recorder that allows for bats to be unobtrusively surveyed and identify. Anastomosis A network of watercourses that divide and reconnect. Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP) The probability (or likelihood) that a given total rainfall accumulated over a given duration will be exceeded in any one year rainfall event. Annual Recurrence Interval (ARI) The expected period between exceedances of a given rainfall total, accumulated over a given duration. For example, if there is a 1 in 50 chance that 170 millimetres of rain will fall in a catchment in a 24-hour period during any given year, a rainfall total of 170 millimetres in a consecutive 24-hour period is said to have a 50-year ARI. Anthropogenic Produced by humans or human-related activity. ANZECC 2000 Guidelines Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality (2000). These guidelines provide a summary of the water quality guidelines proposed to protect and manage the environmental values supported by the water resources. The guideline also provides advice on designing and implementing water quality monitoring and assessment programs.

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

Annual Return The sending or receiving of yearly documents in compliance with the EP Act. Aquifer A geological formation bearing groundwater that is permeable (unconfined) or impermeable (confined) to the transmission of groundwater. A-weighted The filtering of sound to correlate to the frequency response of a human ear. Bank Cubic Meter A traditional unit of volume in coal mining that represents the contents of a cubic meter of rock in place, before it is drilled and blasted. Batter An upwardly receding slope of the face of a waste rock dump. Bedrock The native consolidated rock underlying the Earth's surface. Above the bedrock is usually an area of broken and weathered unconsolidated rock in the basal subsoil. Bench A narrow ledge or shelf, along the top or bottom of a slope. A bench is essentially the same thing as a berm. They are narrow flattened areas that interrupt the declivity of the regraded slopes of the Waste Rock Dump. Benthic Associated with the bottom of a watercourse. Berm See bench description. Borrow Pit An area that is excavated to provide earth / material for use in construction. Bund Also called a bund wall and bunding, is an embankment that is constructed around an area and / or structure that is designed to prevent inflow or outflow of various liquid types. Capillary Break A space, or layer, between two surfaces which is purposely made wide enough to prevent the movement of moisture through the space by capillary action. Catchment A structure or land feature which collects water. Decibel (Weighted) dB(A) The measurement of sound pressure level in which the amplitude of the sound signal is negatively weighted in frequencies below 1000 Hz in accordance with a weighing scale known as the A weighing scale. This scale was established to closely simulate human perception of the relative level of pure tone sounds. Design Storage Allowance (DSA) Excess water storage required at November 1 each year that will be filled by the process inputs and runoff from a critical wet period, should it occur. Drawdown A lowering of the water level of a confined or unconfined aquifer resulting from the pumping of groundwater. EcoAccess Guidelines The DERM guidelines for environmental licensing and permits. El Nino / Southern Oscillation - El Nio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global coupled oceanatmosphere phenomenon. The Pacific ocean signatures, El Nio and La Nia are major temperature fluctuations in surface waters of the tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. Elliot Trapping Small metal folding traps baited with oats and honey etc to catch small mammals and reptiles. Environmental Authority Licence or Approval issued under the EP Act to conduct specified Environmentally Relevant Activities.

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

Environmentally Relevant Activities Activities that have the potential to release contaminants to the environment. Ephemeral Watercourse flows that are short-lived, often reliant upon direct precipitation input. Equivalent Persons Unit of measurement used to determine the demand for sewerage reticulation services. Freeboard The distance between the level of the water and the upper surface of a dam or storage facility, such as the Tailings Storage Facility. Froth Flotation - Froth flotation is one of the most widely accepted industrial practices for separation of valuable components from associated gangue materials in mineral ores. Fugitive Emissions Temporary or transient emissions of gases or particulate matter. Gneiss A common metamorphic rock similar to granite. Greenhouse Gases Gases such as carbon dioxide and methane which, when dispersed in the atmosphere, tend to trap heat. Kinetic NAG Testing - The NAG test provides a direct assessment of the potential for a material to produce acid after a period of exposure and weathering and is used to refine the results of the theoretical ABA predictions. This method involves the addition of hydrogen peroxide to a prepared sample of mine waste to oxidise contained reactive sulfides. This is followed by measurement of the pH of the reaction solution and titration of any net acidity produced by the acid generation and neutralisation reactions occurring in the sample. Units are in kg H2SO4 per tonne of ore. L10 The L10 is the A-weighted noise level which is exceeded 10% of the time. L90 The L90 is commonly referred to as the background noise level. The A-weighted sound pressure level that is equalled or exceeded for 90% of that part of the interval in which the investigated noise is absent. Leachate In the context of this EIS leachate is a solution resulting from groundwater percolating through tailings or waste rock. Leq - The Leq is the energy average noise level containing the same acoustic energy as the actual fluctuating noise level. Macroinvertebrate An invertebrate large enough to be seen without magnification. Mannings n A formula for open channel flow, based on the proportion of the slope of the Channel, the roughness of the channel bottom, the shape of the channel and the depth of flow. Macropod - (large-foot) a member of the family macropodidae, i.e. wallabies and kangaroos. Material Safety Data Sheets - Contain information on the hazards associated with a chemical, along with guidance on its safe use. Mine Life / Project Life The life of the Project refers to the length of time the Project will be in operation. Net Acid Generation (NAG) The NAG value measures the acidity after oxidation and is expressed as kilograms of sulphuric acid per tonne of rock.

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

Net Acid Producing Potential (NAPP) This is also a theoretical calculation value commonly used to indicate if a material has potential to generate ARD. It represents the balance between the capacity of a sample to generate acid (TAPP) and its capacity to neutralise acid (ANC). The NAPP is also expressed in units of kg H2SO4 per tonne ore and is calculated as follows: NAPP = TAPP ANC Not Acid Forming (NAF) A sample of soil is usually defined as NAF when it has a negative NAPP and the NAG pH 4. Material classified as NAF is considered unlikely to be a source of acidic drainage. Where there is significant total S (>1%), more detailed investigation may be required to confirm that the ANC measured is available at the same rates as acid production through sulphide oxidation. Pit dewatering The act of removing groundwater around the edges of the area to become an open cut pit progressively as the pit is dug. This process keeps groundwater out of the open cut pit so as mining can occur, often well below the water table. Pitfall Trapping Pitfall traps target small ground-dwelling fauna (reptilian, mammalian and amphibian). Each Pitfall trap line consists of a 20 cm tall wire-mesh drift fence running along the ground and crossing the middle of five 20 litre buckets buried flush with the soil surface. The bottoms of the drift fences were buried slightly to guide target species towards a bucket. A small amount of soil and a damp sponge are usually placed in the bottom of each bucket to provide shelter and moisture for captured wildlife. PM10 Fine airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 m (PM10) are small enough to be breathed into the lungs. Fine particles are most commonly implicated as causing health effects. Health and amenity impacts of dust are regulated by setting limits on ambient levels of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP), PM10 and dust deposition. PM2.5 Particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 m (PM2.5) or fine particles are generally produced by combustion processes and can penetrate deep into the lung where their removal rate is slow. Pression nominale (PN) French for Nominal Pressure. It relates to the pressure rating of a pipe, with the outside of the pipe diameter used to calculate the PN. Potentially Acid Forming (PAF) A sample is usually defined as PAF when it has a positive NAPP and the NAG pH < 4. A sample classified as PAF always has a significant sulphur content, the acid generating potential of which exceeds the inherent acid neutralising capacity of the material. Pre-strip The waste rock material stripped from the sites to be mined. It is referred to as pre-strip as the stripping is done before an open cut pit is excavated and before mining commences. Pyrite - A brass-coloured mineral, FeS2, occurring widely and used as an iron ore and in producing sulfur dioxide for sulfuric acid. Regional Ecosystem Regional ecosystems were defined as vegetation communities in a bioregion that are consistently associated with a particular combination of geology, landform and soil. Remnant Vegetation Remnant vegetation is defined in the Vegetation Management Act 1999 as vegetation shown on a regional ecosystem or remnant map. Woody vegetation is mapped as remnant where the dominant canopy has greater than 70% of the height and greater than 50% of the cover relative to the undisturbed height, and cover, of that stratum and dominated by species characteristic of the vegetations undisturbed canopy. An undisturbed stratum (or layer) is defined as one that shows no evidence of extensive mechanical or chemical disturbance (logging, clearing, poisoning, etc.) evident in field inspections or on the available historical aerial photographic record.
EIS Abbreviations and Glossary June 2010

Reduced Level (RL) Elevation relative to a specific datum point. Seed Bank A store of viable seed buried and dormant in the soil or underwater sediments. Silicate is used to denote types of rock that consists predominantly of silicate minerals. Smelter - In extractive metallurgy, a smelter is a factory for producing metal by the reduction of ore. Soil Profile - Soil generally consists of visually and texturally distinct layers, which can be summarized as follows, from top to bottom: O) Organic matter: Litter layer of plant residues in relatively undecomposed form. A) Surface soil: Layer of mineral soil with most organic matter accumulation and soil life. This layer eluviates (is depleted of) iron, clay, aluminum, organic compounds and other soluble constituents. When eluviation is pronounced, a lighter coloured "E" subsurface soil horizon is apparent at the base of the "A" horizon. B) Subsoil: Layer of alteration below an "E" or "A" horizon. This layer accumulates iron, clay, aluminum and organic compounds, a process referred to as illuviation. C) Substratum: Layer of unconsolidated soil parent material. This layer may accumulate the more soluble compounds that bypass the "B" horizon. Sterilisation Drilling Drilling holes to test areas for prospective ore. If the results reveal low prospective zones, the area will be declared sterile and infrastructure, such as waste dumps and buildings, may be located in these sterile zones. TAPP This is a theoretical calculation value based on the total sulphur content in the sample and the following reaction: FeS2 + 15/4 O2 + 7/2 H2O = Fe(OH)3 + 2 H2SO4 Units are same as above of kg H2SO4 per tonne ore. If the TAPP is less than the ANC, then the NAPP is negative, which indicates that the sample may have sufficient ANC to prevent acid generation. Conversely, if the NAPP is positive, it indicates that the material may be acid generating. Tailings The solid residual material after the processing of ore. Synform In terms of structural geology, a syncline is a downward-curving fold, with layers that dip toward the centre of the structure. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Tiny airborne particles or aerosols that are less than 100 micrometers are collectively referred to as total suspended particulate matter Total Suspended Solids (TSS) - refers to the identical measurement: the dry-weight of particles trapped by a filter, typically of a specified pore size.

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010

Transformer - is an electrical device that transfers energy from one circuit to another by magnetic coupling with no moving parts. A transformer comprises two or more coupled windings, or a single tapped winding and, in most cases, a magnetic core to concentrate magnetic flux. A changing current in one winding creates a time-varying magnetic flux in the core, which induces a voltage in the other windings. Uncertain Classification (UC) UC is used when there is an apparent conflict between the NAPP and NAG results (i.e. when the NAPP is positive and NAG pH > 4; or when the NAPP is negative and NAG pH < 4). Uncertain samples require more detailed investigation, such as kinetic NAG or column leaching, to determine the acid potential. Windrowed In the context of this EIS, windrowed refers to topsoil or earth graded into a line, or the collecting and piling of cleared vegetation to be left to dry before burning or for reuse.

EIS

Abbreviations and Glossary

June 2010