Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics

Applied Calculus
Task 1
1.1 Differentiate the following with respect to x using the Chain Rule
(Function of a Function):
( )
8
2
2 x y
Let 2
2
x u
So
8
1 u y
1
1 2
2
2
2 1
1
x
dx
dy
x
dx
dy
x y

0
0 2
2
1 0

dx
dy
x
dx
dy
y
0 2
1
x
dx
du
x
dx
du
2
1 8
8
8 1
1

u
du
dy
u y
7
8u
du
dy

The Chain Rule =

dx
dy
dx
du
du
dy

1
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1 7
1 7
16
2 8
x u
dx
dy
x u
dx
dy


Replace u for the initial substitution.
( )
7
2
2 16 x x
dx
dy
2
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1.2 Differentiate the following function with respect to x using the
Quotient Rule:
( )
2
cos 2
x
x
y
By making a substitution before differentiating I can differentiate the
two separate sections of the equation, as follows:
( )
v x
u x Cos
v
u
y

2
2
( )
( )
( ) x Sin
dx
du
x Sin
dx
du
x Cos u
2
1 1 2
2

( )
( ) ax Sin a K
dx
dy
ax Cos K y
. .
.

x
dx
dv
x
dx
dv
x v
2
2 1
1 2
2

n
n
anx
dx
dy
ax y
Quotient Rule:
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

Substitute the above values into the Quotient Rule Equation:

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2
2 2 2
x
x x Cos x Sin x
dx
dy

( ) ( )
4
2
4 2
x
x xCos x Sin x
dx
dy

3
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1.3 Differentiate the following function with respect to x using the
Product Rule:
3 2
.x e y
x

By making a substitution before differentiating I can differentiate the

two separate sections of the equation, as follows:
v x
u e
v u y
x

3
2
.
x
x
x
e
dx
du
e
dx
du
e u
2
2
2
2
2 1

ax
ax
Kae
dx
dy
e K y

.
2
1 3
3
3
3 1
x
dx
dv
x
dx
dv
x v

n
n
anx
dx
dy
ax y
Product Rule:
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
. . +
Substitute the above values into the Product Rule Equation:
x x
e x x e
dx
dy
2 3 2 2
2 . 3 . +
( )
3 2 2
2 3 x x e
dx
dy
x
+
4
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1.4 The brakes are applied to a train and the velocity v at any time t
secs after applying the brakes is given by:
t v 5 . 2 16 m/s
Calculate the distance travelled in 10 seconds after the brakes are
applied.
( )
( ) ( ) [ ]
125 160
0 0 125 160
0
4
5
0 16 10
4
5
10 16
2 2
5
16
1 1
5 . 2 16
5 . 2 16
2 2
10
0
2
10
0
1 1
10
0


1
]
1

,
_

,
_

1
]
1

1
]
1

+


+

S
S
S
t
t S
t
t S
dt t S
metres S 35
5
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
6
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1.5 A sinusoidal voltage waveform is given by:
t v 6 cos 2 Volts
Determine the mean value of the voltage over a half cycle using
definite integration.
Limits:

T o
0
in Radians
[ ] 0 0
2
6
0 6
6
6 2
6
6
6
6 2
6
1 2
6 2
0
1
0
0
0

1
]
1

,
_

,
_

1
]
1

,
_

,
_

v
Sin Sin
v
t Sin t Sin
v
t Cos v
t Cos v
0 v
Volts
7
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
8
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1.6 Evaluate the following definite integral to 1 decimal place:
( )

+
2
1
3
2 dx x
( ) ( ) [ ]
25 . 2 8
2 25 . 0 4 4
2
4
1
4
4
16
2
4
1 1 1 1
4
4
2 2 2 2
1 2
4
1
2 2
4
2
2
4
4 4
2
1
4

+ +
1
]
1

,
_

,
_

+
1
]
1

,
_

,
_

1
]
1

,
_

,
_

+
1
]
1

+ x
x
75 . 5
2
UNITS
9
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
10
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
1.7 Find the area under the curve between
0
20 and
0
60 for the
function:
cos 2 y
Limits:


60
20

TO
RADS
RADS
3
60
180
9
20
180




AREA:
( )
( ) [ ]
( ) ( ) [ ]
048010521 . 1
6840402867 . 0 732050808 . 1
9
2
3
2
2
2
3
9
3
9

1
]
1

,
_

,
_

,
_

,
_

Sin Sin
Sin
d Cos
05 . 1

2
UNITS (to 2 decimal places)
11
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
12
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
Task 2
2.1 Find by numerical integration using the trapezoidal rule the area under
the curve using 8 intervals and 2 decimal places:

2
0
dx e
x
25 . 0
8
0 2

d
d
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9
X 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00
X Y=e^-x
0.00 1
0.25 0.78
0.50 0.61
0.75 0.47
1.00 0.37
1.25 0.29
1.50 0.22
1.75 0.17
2.00 0.14
( )
2
2
0
87 . 0
17 . 0 22 . 0 29 . 0 37 . 0 47 . 0 61 . 0 78 . 0 14 . 0 1
2
1
25 . 0
UNITS
ydx

1
]
1

+ + + + + + +

,
_

13
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
14
Brendan Burr BTEC National Certificate in Electronics
Applied Calculus
15