NORMAN FOSTER

Norman foster was born in Manchester, England in 1935. His father was a shop manager in a poor area of Manchester, later a security guard and a manual worker in a factory. His parents sent him to a private school and grammar school. There was a strong work ethic and pressure to leave school early and be a wage earner and foster worked for two years in the city treasurer's office, studied commercial law, before leaving for national service in the royal air force. at this time he was developing a growing interest in architecture. When he came out of the air force he worked in a bakery, sold furniture, worked in a factory... after graduating from Manchester University school of architecture and city planning in 1961, which he entered at age 21, he won a fellowship to Yale university where he gained a masters degree in architecture and where he got to know Richard rogers. they became very close friends and in 1963 he worked with him and sue rogers, Gorgie Walton and his wife, Wendy foster, as a member of 'team 4' until foster associates was found in 1967 (now known as foster and partners). Since its inception the practice has received more than 190 awards and citations for excellence and has won over 50 national and international competitions. 1968 - 1983 cooperation with Buckminster fuller on a number of projects. Foster was awarded the RIBA royal gold medal in 1983, and in 1990 the RIBA trustees medal was made for the Willis Faber dumas building. He was knighted in 1990, and received the gold medal of the AIA in 1994. He was appointed officer of the order of the arts and letters by the ministry of culture in France in 1994. It was announced in the queen's birthday honours list on 12 June 1999 that sir Norman foster has been honoured with a life peerage, taking the title lord foster of Thames bank. And in the same year he was awarded the prestigious 21st spritzer architecture prize laureate considered the Nobel Prize of architecture. His remarkable buildings and urban projects have transformed cityscapes, renewed transportation systems and restored city centres all over the world. Many of these aesthetically and technologically ground-breaking projects are based on ecology - conscious concepts, setting new standards for the interaction of buildings with their environment. among his recent projects are some of the most remarkable architectural projects of the last years, including the reconstruction of the Reichstag in berlin, the design of the great court at the British museum in London, the millennium bridge (the first new Thames crossing for more than 100 years), and the new Hong Kong international airport - the worlds largest airport terminal.

His Work: 1999: Swiss re headquarters of Norman Foster at 30 St Mary Axe, City of London.

ZAHA HADID
Zaha Hadid was born in Bagdad (1950). Trained maths at the American university of Beirut (1968 - 1971) studied architecture at the architectural association school (AA) in London, UK (1972 - 1977). Zaha Hadid first achieved a high degree of international recognition with her 1983 competition entry for the peak, a leisure and recreational centre in Hong Kong. She subsequently won first prize in a succession of competitions, but for some years only minor projects and exhibition designs were actually executed. Winning designs include a residential development on the kurfrstendamm, berlin (1986), originally designed by Hadid for the 'internationale bauausstellung' in berlin in 1986. dsseldorf art and media centre (1992/93), Cardiff bay opera house, wales (1994), Thames water / royal academy habitable bridge competition (1996), the commission to design the contemporary arts centre in cincinnati, ohio, was awarded to hadid in 1998, also the university of north London Holloway road bridge (1998), and shortly afterwards she was chosen to design the centro per larte contemporanea in Rome(1999),the bergisl ski-jump in innsbruck, Austria (1999). Her Work:

CHENGDU CONTEMPORARY ART CENTRE Zaha Hadid Architects recently unveiled their design for the largest cultural building in China. Located in Sichuan Province, the Chengdu Contemporary Art Centre is a visually striking new landmark that will act as a gateway to the city.

FRANK GEHRY

Frank Gehry was born in Toronto, Canada on Feb 28, 1929. He studied at the University of Southern California and Harvard. His early work used inexpensive supplies, such as plywood and corrugated steel. His work has a collage, sculptural feel. He tries to emphasize human scale by clustering small units together instead of creating large structures. He won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1989. Canadian-born U.S architect. He studied at the University of Southern California and Harvard University. In his early buildings, his use of inexpensive materials (chain-link fencing, plywood, corrugated steel) gave many of his projects an unfinished, whimsical air. His structures are often characterized by unconventional or distorted shapes that have a sculptural, fragmented, or collage like quality. In designing public buildings, he tends to cluster small units within a larger space rather than creating monolithic structures, thus emphasizing human scale. Of particular note is his Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (199197) in Spain, a shimmering pile of sharply twisting, curving shapes surfaced in titanium. Gehry won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1989. His Work: FISH DANCE RESTAURANT A restaurant in Kobe with a fish sculpture that dominates the front of the building. It is nearby soon about Hotel Okura Kobe.

CHRISTOPHER ALEXANDER
Christopher Alexander is Professor in the Graduate School and Emeritus Professor of Architecture at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the father of the Pattern Language movement in computer science, and A Pattern Language, a seminal work that

was perhaps the first complete book ever written in hypertext fashion. He has designed and built more than two hundred buildings on five continents: many of these buildings lay the ground work of a new form of architecture, which looks far into the future, yet has roots in ancient traditions. Much of his work has been based on inventions in technology, including, especially, inventions in concrete, shell design, and contracting procedures needed to attain a living architecture. He was the founder of the Centre for Environmental Structure in 1967, and remains President of that Company until today. In 2000, he founded PatternLanguage.com, and is Chairman of the Board. He has been a consultant to city, county, and national governments on every continent, has advised corporations, government agencies, and architects and planners throughout the world. Alexander was elected fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1996, is a fellow of the Swedish Royal Society, has been the recipient of innumerable architectural prizes and honors including the gold medal for research of the American Institute of Architects, awarded in 1970. He was born in Vienna, Austria in 1936. He was raised in England, and holds a Master's Degree in Mathematics and a Bachelor's degree in Architecture from Cambridge University, and a PhD in Architecture from Harvard University. In 1958 he moved to the United States, and has lived in Berkeley, California from 1963 until the present. His Work:

WALT DISNEY HALL

PHILIPPE STARCK
The son of an aeronautical engineer, Philippe Starck was born in Paris in 1949 and attended the cole Nissim de Camondo in Paris from 1965 until 1967. In 1969 Philippe Starck became art director at Pierre Cardin. In the 1970s Philippe Starck embarked on a career as an interior decorator; stylish early interiors he designed include the "La Main Bleue" bar in Montreuil (1976) and "Les Bains Douches" in Paris (1978). In 1980 he founded Starck Products and, in 1985, a furniture-making firm, XO (with Gerard Mialet). In 1982 Philippe Starck was one of the designers commissioned by Franois Mitterand to refurbish his private apartments in the Elyse Palace in Paris. The interior Philippe Starck designed for Caf Costes in Paris (1984) made Philippe Starck famous worldwide. One of the pieces of furniture he designed for the caf was the elegant "Costes" shair (for Driade). From then on Philippe Starck could pick and choose from any number of prestigious interior design commissions around the world. Philippe Starck designed the interiors of such New York boutique hotels as the Royalton (1988) and the

Paramount (1990). In 1988 Philippe Starck came up with "Ar", a horn-shaped metal table lamp that has been one of his most successful lamp designs. It was for Alessi that Philippe Starck designed his signature, a long-legged octopus of a lemon squeezer, the "Juicy Salif" (1990/91) and "Hot Bertaa", a kettle. Philippe Starck is just as famous for the seating furniture he has designed; some of the many popular pieces include "Dr. Sonderbar" (1983, for XO), "Von Vogelsang" (1984, Driade), "Lola Mundo" (1986, Driade), "Richard III" (1981, Baleri), and "Lord Yo" (1994, Driade). The "W.W. Stool" is a 1994 Philippe Starck design for Vitra and the "Prince Aha" stool dates from 1996 (Kartell). For Kartell Philippe Starck has also designed the highly successful Ghost line of chairs and armchairs of transparent polycarbonate. Look where you will, you will invariably spot a Philippe Starck designer object for any purpose you can think of; Starck is definitely one of the giants of contemporary design. When Philippe Starck was given the 2004 Lucky Strike Designer Award by the Raymond Loewy Foundation for his life's work, the jury justified their choice as follows: "Philippe Starck is probably the most unusual, quirkiest, and most exciting designer of the past twenty years and is likely to be for decades to come." His Work: DURAVIT Philippe Starck has designed bathroom fixtures for German manufacturer Duravit and now he's designed a building for them with a 23' high toilet.

MARIO BOTTA
Born April 1, 1943 is a famous modern architect born in Mendrisio, Switzerland. He designed his first house at age 16, although no-one mentions if it was built, and studied at the Liceo Artistico in Milan and the Istituto Universitario di Architettura in Venice. His ideas were influenced by Le Corbusier, Carlo Scarpa, Louis Kahn. He opened his own practice in 1970 in Lugano. His style is stark, strong, and geometric; his buildings are often made of brick. His trademark style can be seen widely in Switzerland particularly the Ticino region and also in the Mediatheque in Villeurbanne (1988), a cathedral near Evry (1995), and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art or SFMoMA (1994).

His Work:

CHURCH SANTO VOLTO The building has a heptagonal plan surrounded by seven towers to which are connected the lower bodies of the chapels. Thanks to the truncated apex both the towers and the chapels function as skylights. The choice of the heptagonal plan that coincides with the strong religious and symbolic meaning orients the main axis of the church towards the city. The new parish complex gathers all the services once spread all over the city. Below the church main hall there is a hypogeal congress hall. Inside the other bodies of the building, in addition to offices and apartments, there is a ferial chapel, a parsonage and other facilities for the youth formation and recreation. These linear three-storey buildings contain the parvis.

PETER EISENMAN
Peter Eisenman '54, Bachelor of Architecture '55, is a Cornellian. He also holds a Master of Science in Architecture ('60) degree from Columbia University, and M.A.('62) and Ph.D. ('63) degrees from Cambridge University (U.K). In 2003, he was awarded an honorary Doctorate in Architecture by the Universit La Sapienza in Rome. He holds three honorary Doctorates of Fine Arts, from the University of Illinois, Chicago, the Pratt Institute in New York, and most recently from Syracuse University at graduation. Eisenman currently holds the Louis I. Kahn Professor of Architecture Chair at Yale for a limitless term. Eisenmans academic career includes teaching at the universities of Cambridge, many years at Princeton, Yale where he is a permanent faculty member as described, and Ohio State. At Harvard, he was the Arthur Rotch Professor of Architecture from 1982 to 1985, and the Eliot Noyes Visiting Design Critic in 1993. He was the first Irwin S. Chanin Distinguished Professor of Architecture at The Cooper Union, in New York City.

Eisenman runs his practice, Eisenman Architects, in NYC. He has designed a wide range of projects, including large-scale housing and urban design projects, innovative facilities for

educational institutions, and a series of inventive private houses. His recent and current projects include the yet unfinished six-building City of Culture of Galicia in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, the University of Phoenix stadium for the Arizona Cardinals which will be the site for Super Bowl 2008, a railroad station in Pompeii still in development, and The Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin, the winner of several architectural awards. Earlier projects include the Aronoff Center for Art and Design at the University of Cincinnati and the Wexner Center for the Visual Arts at the Ohio State University, both award winners. Prior to establishing his architectural practice in 1980, Eisenman was primarily an educator and theorist. In 1967, he founded the Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies (IAUS), an international think tank for architecture and served as its director until 1982. In 1969, through an exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, he became associated with a group of young, emerging architects who quickly gained fame as the New York Five (the "Whites"). This group, with Eisenman generally acknowledged as the leader, included Charles Gwathmey, Michael Graves, Richard Meier '56, and the late John Hejduk. Eisenman studied and made formal use of concepts from other fields - linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics - in his imaginative designs. He is a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

His Work:

MUSEE DES CONFLUENCES The incredible Muse des Confluences, a spacey science- and society-focused museum is as much stunning piece of contemporary architecture as museum. It is housed in a futuristic steeland-glass transparent crystal topped by a floating 'cloud'.

RENZO PIANO
Renzo Piano was bom into a family of builders in Genoa, Italy in 1937. His grandfather, his father, four uncles and brother were all contractors and Renzo Piano admits, Renzo Piano should have been one too, but instead chose architecture. Renzo Piano was studying at Milan Poitechnic Architecture School. During his studies Renzo Piano was working under the design quidance of Franco Albini. After his graduation in 1964 Renzo Piano worked in his father's company and during the time 1965-1970 Renzo Piano worked in offices of Louis I. Kahn in Philadelphia and ZS. Makowski in London. Other important influence Renzo Piano acknowledges, was Pierluigi Nervi. While still studying in Milan, Renzo Piano married a girt Renzo Piano had known from school days in Genoa, Magda Arduino. They

have three children- 2 sons and the third child, daughter Lia, now 25, is pursuing a career in architecture. His Work: CENTRE CULTURAL TJIBAOU The Centre Culturel Tjibaou, dedicated to Jean-Marie Tjibaou who died in 1989 while leading the fight for his countrys autonomy from the French government, is devoted to the cultural origins and search for identity of the native Kanak people of New Caledonia and the South Pacific. In the native tongue of Jean-Marie Tjibaou, pije language, it is also known as Ngan Jila -meaning cultural center.

Bicol University College of Engineering Department of Architecture

RESEARCH PAPER ( MASTERS OF ARCHITECTURE)

Submitted by: mary may s. atun (BS- Architecture I-c) Submitted to: Rommel bellen (Architect UAP)