HYDROGEN CARS

Sanjeev Kumar 1DS06ME098

What exactly is a Hydrogen Car

In a hydrogen car, its primary source of power is from breaking down hydrogen

The use of hydrogen usually happens by

two methods

Internal hydrogen combustion engine Fuel cell.

Few Point About Hydrogen

Gaseous Element Discovered by Henry Cavendish at 1766 in London Symbol H Atomic Number 1 No. of neutrons=0 Atomic weight 1.00794 amu colourless gas

PROPERTIES OF HYDROGEN
Less flammable than gasoline(932F) high calorific value(141.86kj/g) Light in weight Melting point -259.2C Boiling point 252.8C Easily react with other substance Non-toxic

Hydrogen as Fuel
High calorific value No harmful by products Easily available Pollution Free Fuel leakage to atm not a pollutant.

Hydrogen Cars and Fuel Cells

n Major car companies today are focusing on using fuel cells, instead of hydrogen internal combustion engines because it is thought that fuel cells will be more efficient and produce power in even cleaner ways. n Instead of burning fuel in an engine, fuel cells are electrochemical energy conversion devices. Fuel cells convert hydrogen and oxygen into water, and along the way produces electricity.

Heart Of Hydrogen Car: Fuel cell

Invented by Sir William Grove in 1839 CarlesLanger and Ludwig in 1889 Electrochemical device Never needs to recharge Never goes dead Fuel Cell Stack

How Fuel Cells Work

Fuel Cells are like batteries Pure hydrogen use at anode oxygen use at cathode Electrolyte : Phosphoric acid Alkaline Solution Solid polymer membrane Ex- PEM

How Energy is Made

Hydrogen gas is pumped to the anode The platinum anode acts as a catalyst to a reaction that ionizes the gas.The ionization reaction breaks hydrogen atoms into hydrogen protons(+) and electrons(-) Ions are attracted to the cathode but have two ways of getting to it o Protons pass through the membrane o Electrons are forced around the membrane thus releasing energy

The Functions of Fuel Cells

Layout Of A Fuel Cell Car

Main Parts Of Fuel Cell Car

1.Hydrogen tankStoreshydrogen

2.2. V Flow fuel cell stack Generates electricity

3.Lithium-ion battery Stores electricity

4. Power Drive Unit (PDU) Governs electrical flow 5. Electric drive motor Propels vehicle

Companies Getting Involved

Ford - P2000 Honda - FCX BMW - Hydrogen 7 General Motors - Sequel

Comparable Efficiencies
Hydrogen Fuel cells at over 50% efficiency Fossil fuel powered car at 10% - 20% efficiency Hybrid powered cars have 30% - 35% efficiency

Advantage Of Fuel Cell Car

Reduced maintenance cost Zero emissions (pure water is produced) Eliminates greenhouse gases Operable in freezing weather Not many moving parts in a vehicle (more mileage ) Hydrogen weighs less than gasoline (vehicles would not need as much energy to move) Fuel cells have a higher efficiency than diesel or gas engines Most fuel cells operate silently, compared to internal combustion engines

Disadvantages of fuel cell car

Hydrogenisexpensivetomake, store,andtransport Hydrogenishighlyexplosive Lowvolumetricefficiency Fuelcellsuseexpensivematerials

Any Queries

References
www.wikipedia.org www.google.com www.howstuffworks.com www.automobiles.honda.com Sources of Energy: An Introduction to Fuel Cells By E.A. Merewether