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Ingeniera Electrnica y de Comunicaciones

DISPOSITIVOS ELECTRNICOS
Prctica No. 1 EL DIODO RECTIFICADOR Objetivo
El alumno realizar mediciones de variables elctricas en circuitos bsicos y de aplicacin general utilizando diodos semiconductores.

Material
CANTIDAD 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 EQUIPO DE MEDICION Y MATERIAL Multmetro Fuente de alimentacin de CD Generador de seales Osciloscopio de 2 canales Diodo rectificador 1N4001 o equivalente Diodo Led color rojo Diodo Led color verde Puente de diodos a 1 Amp. Transformador con derivacin central y salida de 12V a 500 mA Capacitor electroltico de 1 F a 25 V Capacitor electroltico de 4.7 F a 25 V Capacitor electroltico de 220 F a 25 V Capacitor electroltico de 1000 F a 25 V Resistores de 10 k a W Resistor de 220 a W Resistor de 18 a W Potencimetro de 5k Regulador de voltaje fijo LM7805 Regulador de voltaje variable LM317

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NOTA: Se incluyen las hojas de datos de los dispositivos electrnicos a utilizarse en esta prctica. Lea cuidadosamente estas caractersticas para el adecuado manejo de estos dispositivos.

I. Identificacin de las terminales del diodo.

Con la ayuda de un multmetro en la opcin de probador de diodos, conecte al diodo las puntas de prueba como se muestra a continuacin e identifique las terminales de nodo y ctodo.

Anote sus conclusiones. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________.

II. Medicin de voltaje umbral de distintos diodos.

Realizando el mismo procedimiento del punto anterior, llene la siguiente tabla con los voltajes umbrales medidos para diferentes tipos de diodos.

TIPO DE DIODO Diodo de Silicio 1N4001 Diodo de Germanio NTE109 Diodo Led Rojo Diodo Led Verde

VOLTAJE UMBRAL

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Ingeniera Electrnica y de Comunicaciones

III. Curva caracterstica del diodo.

Arme el siguiente circuito para visualizar la curva caracterstica de un diodo semiconductor. Alimente el circuito con una seal senoidal con amplitud pico de 10 volts y frecuencia de 1 kHz. (a) Utilice el osciloscopio en modo X-Y para visualizar los resultados y dibuje las formas de onda resultante. Invierta el canal 2. Utilice un diodo de silicio. (b). Repita el mismo experimento para un diodo de germanio.

Grficas del circuito (a)

Grficas del circuito (b)

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Ingeniera Electrnica y de Comunicaciones

IV. Circuitos Recortadores.

Arme cada uno de los siguientes circuitos y dibuje los oscilogramas correspondientes. Utilice como entrada una seal triangular de 10 Vpp a 1 kHz del generador de seales.

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Ingeniera Electrnica y de Comunicaciones

V. Circuitos rectificadores.
5.1 Rectificador de media onda. Arme los siguientes circuitos rectificadores de media onda y grafique sus resultados. Utilice una seal senoidal con amplitud de 6 volts y frecuencia de 1 kHz.

Grficas del circuito (a)

Grficas del circuito (b)

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Ingeniera Electrnica y de Comunicaciones

5.2. Rectificadores de onda completa. Arme los siguientes circuitos rectificadores de onda completa y grafique las seales resultantes. Utilice el transformador de 12 Vrms a 500 mA conectado a la lnea de alimentacin.

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Ingeniera Electrnica y de Comunicaciones

5.3. Rectificador con filtro capacitivo. Al circuito rectificador de onda completa conecte un capacitor en paralelo al resistor de carga. Dibuje las seales de salida. Utilice 3 valores de capacitores diferentes, 4.7 F, 220 F y 1000 F. El resistor ser de 10 k.

(a). Oscilograma con C=4.7 F

(b). Oscilograma con C=220 F

(c). Oscilograma con C=1000 F

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VI. Reguladores integrados de voltaje.

6.1. Regulador de voltaje fijo de +5 volts. Arme el siguiente circuito y dibuje las seales de salida del regulador, voltaje de CD y voltaje de rizo.

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6.2. Regulador de voltaje variable. Arme el siguiente circuito y dibuje las seales de salida del regulador, voltaje de CD y voltaje de rizo.

NOTA: El resistor de 240 ser el arreglo serie de 2 resistores, uno de 220 y otro de 18.

MOTOROLA

SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA

Order this document by 1N4001/D

Axial Lead Standard Recovery Rectifiers

This data sheet provides information on subminiature size, axial lead mounted rectifiers for generalpurpose lowpower applications. Mechanical Characteristics Case: Epoxy, Molded Weight: 0.4 gram (approximately) Finish: All External Surfaces Corrosion Resistant and Terminal Leads are Readily Solderable Lead and Mounting Surface Temperature for Soldering Purposes: 220C Max. for 10 Seconds, 1/16 from case Shipped in plastic bags, 1000 per bag. Available Tape and Reeled, 5000 per reel, by adding a RL suffix to the part number Polarity: Cathode Indicated by Polarity Band Marking: 1N4001, 1N4002, 1N4003, 1N4004, 1N4005, 1N4006, 1N4007

1N4001 thru 1N4007

1N4004 and 1N4007 are Motorola Preferred Devices

LEAD MOUNTED RECTIFIERS 501000 VOLTS DIFFUSED JUNCTION

CASE 5903 DO41

MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating *Peak Repetitive Reverse Voltage Working Peak Reverse Voltage DC Blocking Voltage *NonRepetitive Peak Reverse Voltage (halfwave, single phase, 60 Hz) *RMS Reverse Voltage *Average Rectified Forward Current (single phase, resistive load, 60 Hz, see Figure 8, TA = 75C) *NonRepetitive Peak Surge Current (surge applied at rated load conditions, see Figure 2) Operating and Storage Junction Temperature Range Symbol VRRM VRWM VR VRSM VR(RMS) IO 1N4001 50 1N4002 100 1N4003 200 1N4004 400 1N4005 600 1N4006 800 1N4007 1000 Unit Volts

60 35

120 70

240 140

480 280 1.0

720 420

1000 560

1200 700

Volts Volts Amp

IFSM

30 (for 1 cycle)

Amp

TJ Tstg

65 to +175

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS*
Rating Maximum Instantaneous Forward Voltage Drop (iF = 1.0 Amp, TJ = 25C) Figure 1 Maximum FullCycle Average Forward Voltage Drop (IO = 1.0 Amp, TL = 75C, 1 inch leads) Maximum Reverse Current (rated dc voltage) (TJ = 25C) (TJ = 100C) Maximum FullCycle Average Reverse Current (IO = 1.0 Amp, TL = 75C, 1 inch leads) *Indicates JEDEC Registered Data
Preferred devices are Motorola recommended choices for future use and best overall value.

Symbol vF VF(AV) IR

Typ 0.93

Max 1.1 0.8

Unit Volts Volts A

0.05 1.0 IR(AV)

10 50 30 A

Rev 5

RectifierInc. 1996 Data Motorola, Device

LM7805 LM7806 LM7808 LM7809 LM7810 LM7812 LM7815 LM7818 LM7824 LM7805A LM7806A LM7808A LM7809A LM7810A LM7812A LM7815A LM7818A LM7824A 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator

April 1999 Revised December 2005

LM7805 LM7806 LM7808 LM7809 LM7810 LM7812 LM7815 LM7818 LM7824 LM7805A LM7806A LM7808A LM7809A LM7810A LM7812A LM7815A LM7818A LM7824A 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator
General Description
The LM78XX series of three terminal positive regulators are available in the TO-220 package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut down and safe operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.

Features O Output Current up to 1A O Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 O Thermal Overload Protection O Short Circuit Protection O Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection

Ordering Code:
Product Number
LM7805CT LM7806CT LM7808CT LM7809CT LM7810CT LM7812CT LM7815CT LM7818CT LM7824CT LM7805ACT LM7806ACT LM7808ACT LM7809ACT LM7810ACT LM7812ACT LM7815ACT LM7818ACT LM7824ACT TO-220

Output Voltage Tolerance

Package

Operating Temperature

r4%

40qC - 125qC

r2%

0qC - 125qC

2005 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation

DS400018

www.fairchildsemi.com

LM7805 LM7806 LM7808 LM7809 LM7810 LM7812 LM7815 LM7818 LM7824 LM7805A LM7806A LM7808A LM7809A LM7810A LM7812A LM7815A LM7818A LM7824A Internal Block Diagram

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LM7805 LM7806 LM7808 LM7809 LM7810 LM7812 LM7815 LM7818 LM7824 LM7805A LM7806A LM7808A LM7809A LM7810A LM7812A LM7815A LM7818A LM7824A

Absolute Maximum Ratings(Note 1)

Parameter
Input Voltage (for VO = 5V to 18V) (for VO = 24V) Thermal Resistance Junction-Cases (TO-220) Thermal Resistance Junction-Air (TO-220) Operating Temperature Range LM78xx LM78xxA Storage Temperature Range TSTG

Symbol
VI VI RTJC RTJA TOPR

Value
35 40 5 65 0 a 125

Unit
V V

qC/W qC/W qC qC qC qC

40 a 125
0 a 125

65 a 150

Note 1: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. The datasheet specifications should be met, without exception, to ensure that the system design is reliable over its power supply, temperature, and output/input loading variables. Fairchild does not recommend operation outside datasheet specifications.

Electrical Characteristics (LM7805)

Parameter Output Voltage Symbol VO TJ = 25qC

(Refer to the test circuits. 40qC  TJ  125qC, IO = 500mA, VI = 10V, CI = 0.1P F, unless otherwise specified)
Conditions Min 4.8 4.75 62.0 Typ 5.0 5.0 4.0 1.6 9.0 4.0 5.0 0.03 0.3 Max 5.2 V 5.25 100 mV 50.0 100 mV 50.0 8.0 0.5 mA 1.3 mV/qC mA Unit

5mA d IO d 1A, PO d 15W, VI = 7V to 20V Line Regulation (Note 2) Load Regulation Regload TJ = 25qC Regline TJ = 25qC VO = 7V to 25V VI = 8V to 12V IO = 5mA to 1.5mA IO = 250mA to 750mA Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change IQ TJ = 25qC IO = 5mA to 1A VI = 7V to 25V Output Voltage Drift (Note 3) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection (Note 3) Dropout Voltage Output Resistance (Note 3) Short Circuit Current Peak Current (Note 3)

'IQ 'VO/'T
VN RR VDROP rO ISC IPK

IO = 5mA f = 10Hz to 100KHz, TA = 25qC f = 120Hz, VO = 8V to 18V IO = 1A, TJ = 25qC f = 1KHz VI = 35V, TA = 25qC TJ =25qC

0.8
42.0 73.0 2.0 15.0 230 2.2

PV/VO
dB V m: mA A

Note 2: Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. Note 3: These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.

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LM117/LM317A/LM317 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator

June 2005

LM117/LM317A/LM317 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator

General Description
The LM117 series of adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulators is capable of supplying in excess of 1.5A over a 1.2V to 37V output range. They are exceptionally easy to use and require only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation are better than standard fixed regulators. Also, the LM117 is packaged in standard transistor packages which are easily mounted and handled. In addition to higher performance than fixed regulators, the LM117 series offers full overload protection available only in ICs. Included on the chip are current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection. All overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is disconnected. Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejection ratios which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal regulators. Besides replacing fixed regulators, the LM117 is useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since the regulator is floating and sees only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, i.e., avoid short-circuiting the output. Also, it makes an especially simple adjustable switching regulator, a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment pin and output, the LM117 can be used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground which programs the output to 1.2V where most loads draw little current. For applications requiring greater output current, see LM150 series (3A) and LM138 series (5A) data sheets. For the negative complement, see LM137 series data sheet.

Features
n n n n n n n n n Guaranteed 1% output voltage tolerance (LM317A) Guaranteed max. 0.01%/V line regulation (LM317A) Guaranteed max. 0.3% load regulation (LM117) Guaranteed 1.5A output current Adjustable output down to 1.2V Current limit constant with temperature P+ Product Enhancement tested 80 dB ripple rejection Output is short-circuit protected

Typical Applications
1.2V25V Adjustable Regulator

LM117 Series Packages Part Number Suffix K H T E S EMP MDT

00906301

Design Package TO-3 TO-39 TO-220 LCC TO-263 SOT-223 TO-252 Load Current 1.5A 0.5A 1.5A 0.5A 1.5A 1A 0.5A

Full output current not available at high input-output voltages

*Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors.
Optional improves transient response. Output capacitors in the range of 1F to 1000F of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide improved output impedance and rejection of transients.

SOT-223 vs. D-Pak (TO-252) Packages

00906354

Scale 1:1

2005 National Semiconductor Corporation

DS009063

www.national.com

LM117/LM317A/LM317

Connection Diagrams
(TO-3) Metal Can Package (TO-39) Metal Can Package

00906331

CASE IS OUTPUT
00906330

CASE IS OUTPUT

Bottom View NS Package Number H03A

Bottom View Steel Package NS Package Number K02A or K02C (TO-263) Surface-Mount Package (TO-220) Plastic Package

00906335

Top View

00906332

Front View NS Package Number T03B Ceramic Leadless Chip Carrier

00906336

Side View NS Package Number TS3B

00906334

Top View NS Package Number E20A

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LM117/LM317A/LM317

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Power Dissipation Input-Output Voltage Differential Storage Temperature Lead Temperature Metal Package (Soldering, 10 seconds) Plastic Package (Soldering, 4 seconds) 300C 260C Internally Limited +40V, 0.3V 65C to +150C

ESD Tolerance (Note 5)

3 kV

Operating Temperature Range

LM117 LM317A LM317 Preconditioning Thermal Limit Burn-In All Devices 100% 55C TJ +150C 40C TJ +125C 0C TJ +125C

Electrical Characteristics (Note 3)

Specifications with standard type face are for TJ = 25C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range. Unless otherwise specified, VIN VOUT = 5V, and IOUT = 10 mA. Parameter Reference Voltage 3V (VIN VOUT) 40V, 10 mA IOUT IMAX, P PMAX Line Regulation Load Regulation Thermal Regulation Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change Temperature Stability Minimum Load Current Current Limit 10 mA IOUT IMAX 3V (VIN VOUT) 40V TMIN TJ TMAX (VIN VOUT) = 40V (VIN VOUT) 15V K Package H Package (VIN VOUT) = 40V K Package H Package RMS Output Noise, % of VOUT Ripple Rejection Ratio 10 Hz f 10 kHz VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 0 F VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 10 F Long-Term Stability Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance, Junctionto-Ambient (No Heat Sink) TJ = 125C, 1000 hrs K Package H Package E Package K Package H Package E Package 35 140 0.3 2.3 12 1 3 15 % C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W 66 80 dB 0.3 0.15 0.4 0.2 0.003 65 A A % dB 1.5 0.5 2.2 0.8 3.4 1.8 A A 1 3.5 5 % mA 3V (VIN VOUT) 40V (Note 4) 10 mA IOUT IMAX (Note 4) 20 ms Pulse 0.01 0.02 0.1 0.3 0.03 50 0.2 0.02 0.05 0.3 1 0.07 100 5 %/V %/V % % %/W A A 1.20 1.25 1.30 Conditions Min LM117 (Note 2) Typ Max V V Units

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LM117/LM317A/LM317

Electrical Characteristics (Note 3)

Specifications with standard type face are for TJ = 25C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range. Unless otherwise specified, VIN VOUT = 5V, and IOUT = 10 mA. Parameter Reference Voltage 3V (VIN VOUT) 40V, 10 mA IOUT IMAX, P PMAX Line Regulation Load Regulation Thermal Regulation Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change Temperature Stability Minimum Load Current Current Limit 10 mA IOUT IMAX 3V (VIN VOUT) 40V TMIN TJ TMAX (VIN VOUT) = 40V (VIN VOUT) 15V K, T, S Packages H Package MP Package (VIN VOUT) = 40V K, T, S Packages H Package MP Package RMS Output Noise, % of VOUT Ripple Rejection Ratio 10 Hz f 10 kHz VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 0 F VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 10 F Long-Term Stability Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case TJ = 125C, 1000 hrs K Package MDT Package H Package T Package MP Package Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (No Heat Sink) K Package MDT Package(Note 6) H Package T Package S Package (Note 6) 12 4 23.5 35 140 50 50 15 5 0.3 1 0.3 2.3 5 12 4 23.5 35 92 140 50 50 1 3 15 % C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W 66 80 66 80 dB 0.15 0.075 0.15 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.003 65 0.15 0.075 0.15 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.003 65 A A A % dB 1.5 0.5 1.5 2.2 0.8 2.2 3.4 1.8 3.4 1.5 0.5 1.5 2.2 0.8 2.2 3.4 1.8 3.4 A A A 1 3.5 10 1 3.5 10 % mA 3V (VIN VOUT) 40V (Note 4) 10 mA IOUT IMAX (Note 4) 20 ms Pulse 0.005 0.01 0.1 0.3 0.04 50 0.2 0.01 0.02 0.5 1 0.07 100 5 0.01 0.02 0.1 0.3 0.04 50 0.2 0.04 0.07 0.5 1.5 0.07 100 5 %/V %/V % % %/W A A Conditions Min 1.238 1.225 LM317A Typ 1.250 1.250 Max 1.262 1.270 1.20 1.25 1.30 Min LM317 Typ Max V V Units

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Note 2: Refer to RETS117H drawing for the LM117H, or the RETS117K for the LM117K military specifications. Note 3: Although power dissipation is internally limited, these specifications are applicable for maximum power dissipations of 2W for the TO-39 and SOT-223 and 20W for the TO-3, TO-220, and TO-263. IMAX is 1.5A for the TO-3, TO-220, and TO-263 packages, 0.5A for the TO-39 package and 1A for the SOT-223 Package. All limits (i.e., the numbers in the Min. and Max. columns) are guaranteed to Nationals AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level). Note 4: Regulation is measured at a constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specifications for thermal regulation. Note 5: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 k resistor. Note 6: If the TO-263 or TO-252 packages are used, the thermal resistance can be reduced by increasing the PC board copper area thermally connected to the package. Using 0.5 square inches of copper area. JA is 50C/W; with 1 square inch of copper area, JA is 37C/W; and with 1.6 or more square inches of copper area, JA is 32C/W. If the SOT-223 package is used, the thermal resistance can be reduced by increasing the PC board copper area (see applications hints for heatsinking).

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