First degree burn

Second degree burn

Third degree burn

Hair
Pediculosis
Pediculosis, or lice, are wingless, flat, pale insects that are a couple of millimeters long. There are two types of lice. The first is biting lice of the Anoplura group. Biting lice chew on and feed on the skin. The second is sucking lice of the Mallophaga group. Sucking lice feed on the blood of the dog. Lice are uncommon in dogs and are usually only found on unkempt dogs. These lice will also lay their eggs, called nits, on the dog as well. The nits look similar to dandruff. Lice and their nits are typically found beneath matted hair. The most common areas that lice are found are around the head down to the shoulder and on the dogs underbelly. Due to the fact that lice cause severe itchiness, it is not uncommon to find bald spots on an affected dog due to scratching. The lice that affect dogs do not affect people.

Alopecia
Alopecia is defined as loss of hair. Hair loss is often a cause of great concern to the patient for cosmetic and psychologic reasons, but it can also be an important sign of systemic disease.

tinea capitis
Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp.

Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors

Tinea capitis (also called ringworm of the scalp) is caused by by mold-like fungi called dermatophytes. It usually affects children and disappears at puberty. However, it can occur at any age. The fungi that cause tinea infections thrive in warm, moist areas. You have an increased risk for tinea infection if you have:

o o o

Minor skin or scalp injuries Poor hygiene Wet skin for a long time (such as from sweating) Tinea infections are contagious. You can catch tinea capitis if you come into direct contact with someone who has the condition, or if you touch contaminated items such as combs, hats, or clothing. The infection can also be spread by pets, particularly cats.

Alopecia areata
Alopecia areata (AA) is a medical condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body, usually from the scalp.

[1][2]

Because it causes bald spots on the scalp,

especially in the first stages, it is sometimes called spot baldness. In 12% of cases, the condition can spread to the entire scalp (Alopecia totalis) or to the entire epidermis (Alopecia universalis). Conditions resembling AA, and having a similar cause, occur also in other species Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/alopecia-areata#ixzz1lJgiU1fW

SKIN
The term acne vulgaris is one used to describe an inflammatory skin disease which is fairly commonplace and tends to affect the majority of the population at some point in their lives. Acne vulgaris lesions are often more commonly known as zits, blackheads, whiteheads and pimples and they occur in an environment where there is a change in the skin cell units known as pilosebeaceous units which contain sebaceous glands, a substance called sebum, and a hair follicle. When oil or dead skin cells build up and clog these units, a breakout or lesion is likely to occur.

Actinic keratoses (AK) are pink, relatively poorly demarcated, scaly patches and plaques on the sun-exposed skin. When markedly hyperkeratotic, they can be tender when palpated. Actinic keratoses can spontaneously regress and can, without treatment, occasionally evolve into invasive squamous carcinoma.

Contact dermatitis is a localised rash or irritation of the skin caused by contact with a foreign substance. Only the superficial regions of the skin are affected in contact dermatitis pugsley. Inflammation of the affected tissue is present in the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin) and the outer dermis (the layer beneath the epidermis).

[1]

Unlike contact urticaria, in which a rash appears within minutes of exposure and fades away within minutes to hours, contact dermatitis takes days

to fade away. Even then, contact dermatitis fades only if the skin no longer comes in contact with the allergen or irritant.

[2]

Contact dermatitis results in large,

burning, and itchy rashes, and these can take anywhere from several days to weeks to heal. Chronic contact dermatitis can develop when the removal of the offending agent no longer provides expected relief.

Atopic dermatitis (AD, a type of eczema) is an inflammatory, chronically relapsing, non-contagious and pruritic (that is, itchy) skin disorder. names like "prurigo Besnier," "neurodermitis," "endogenous eczema," "flexural eczema," "infantile eczema," and "prurigo diathsique

[1]

It has been given

erpes simplex (Ancient Greek: herpes, lit. "creeping") is a viral disease caused by both Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). Infection with the herpes virus is categorized into one of several distinct disorders based on the site of infection. Oral herpes, the visible symptoms of which are colloquially called cold sores or fever blisters, is an infection of the face or mouth. Oral herpes is the most common form of infection. Genital herpes, known simply as herpes, is the second most common form of herpes. Other disorders such as herpetic whitlow, herpes gladiatorum, ocular herpes (keratitis), cerebral herpes infection encephalitis, Mollaret's meningitis, neonatal herpes, and possibly Bell's palsy are all caused by herpes simplex viruses.

Herpes zoster (or simply zoster), commonly known as shingles and also known as zona, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a limited area on one side of the body, often in a stripe. The initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes the acute (short-lived) illness chickenpoxwhich generally occurs in children and young people. Once an episode of chickenpox has resolved, the virus is not eliminated from the body but can go on to cause shinglesan illness with very different symptomsoften many years after the initial infection. Herpes zoster is not the same disease as herpes simplexdespite the name similarity (both the varicella zoster virus and herpes simplex virus belong to the same viral subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae).

An intertrigo is an inflammation (rash) of the body folds (adjacent areas of skin). An intertrigo sometimes refers to a bacterial, fungal, or viral infection that has developed at the site of broken skin due to such inflammation. A frequent manifestation is Candidal intertrigo. An intertrigo usually develops from the chafing of warm, moist skin in the areas of the inner thighs and genitalia, the armpits, under the breasts, the underside of the belly, behind the ears, and the web spaces between the toes and fingers. An intertrigo usually appears red and raw-looking, and may also itch, ooze, and be sore. Intertrigos occur more often among overweight individuals, those with diabetes, those restricted to bed rest or diaper use, and those who use medical devices, like artificial limbs, that trap moisture against the skin. Also, there are several skin diseases that can cause an intertrigo to develop, such as dermatitisor inverse psoriasis.

Definition

Yellow scales and crusts attached to the scalp the scalp can be greasy or dry not itchy or painful begins in the first 2 to 6 weeks of life usually gone by 6 months of age [ have seen till 9 months too]

Rosacea /rozei/ is a chronic condition characterized by facial erythema (redness).[2] Pimples are sometimes included as part of the definition.[3] Unless it affects the eyes, it is typically a harmless cosmetic condition. Treatment in the form of topical steroids can aggravate the condition.[4] It primarily affects Caucasians of mainly north western European descent and has been nicknamed the 'curse of the Celts' by some in Britain and Ireland, but can also affect people of other ethnicities. Rosacea affects both sexes, but is almost three times more common in women. It has a peak age of onset between 30 and 60.[citation needed] Rosacea typically begins as redness on the central face across the cheeks, nose, or forehead, but can also less commonly affect the neck, chest, ears, and scalp.[5] In some cases, additional symptoms, such as semi-permanent redness, telangiectasia (dilation of superficial blood vessels on the face), red domedpapules (small bumps) and pustules, red gritty eyes, burning and stinging sensations, and in some advanced cases, a red lobulated nose (rhinophyma), may develop.

Nails

Splinter hemorrhages (or haemorrhages) are tiny blood clots that tend to run vertically under the nails.[1] Splinter hemorrhages are a nonspecific finding[clarification needed] and can be associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis, scleroderma, trichinosis, Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic nails,[2] antiphospholipid syndrome[3]:659, and trauma.[4] At first they are usually plum-colored, but then darken to brown or black in a couple of days. In certain conditions (in particular, infective endocarditis), clots can migrate from the affected heart valve and find their way into various parts of the body. If this happens in the finger, it can cause damage to the capillaries resulting in a splinter hemorrhage.

There are a number of other causes for splinter hemorrhages. They could be due to hitting the nail ("trauma"), a sign of inflammation in blood vessels all around the body ("systemic vasculitis"), or they could be where a bit of cholesterol has got lodged in the finger's capillaries. Even if a patient does have infective endocarditis, probably 5 in every 6 patients won't have splinter hemorrhages.

The nail disease paronychia (/prnki/, Greek: ), commonly misidentified as a synonym for whitlow or felon, is an often-tender bacterial or fungalhand infection or foot infection where the nail and skin meet at the side or the base of a finger or toenail. The infection can start suddenly (acute paronychia) or gradually (chronic paronychia).

[1][2]

Onycholysis refers to the detachment of the nail from the nail bed, starting at its distal and/or lateral attachment.

[1]

It is said to occur particularly on the ring finger

but can occur on any of the fingernails. The most common cause of onycholysis is psoriasis. It can also occur in thyrotoxicosis and is thought to be due to sympathetic overactivity.

[2]

It may also be seen in infections or trauma

Psoriatic nails is a nail disease. It is common in those suffering from psoriasis, with reported incidences varying from 10% to 78%. Elderly patients and those with psoriatic arthritis are more likely to have psoriatic nails.

Secondary lesion Stages of Pressure Ulcer

Introduction In February 2007, the NPUAP finally released the results of five years of diligent work towards redefining pressure ulcer and its stages. The work began with the recognition of deep tissue injury in 2001. According to the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, "A pressure ulcer is localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear and/or friction." There are several other complex contributing factors attached to pressure ulcers, the importance of such factors is yet to be clearly explained. Stages in Pressure Ulcer Suspected Deep Tissue Injury:-This is formed as a result of the damage to the soft tissue lying under it, from pressure and/or shear. The result is a maroon or purple colored or discolored skin or the formation of a blister filled with blood on the skin above that tissue. Before such formation, the victim may experience, pain, warmness, coolness, bogginess, firmness or mushiness as compared with the tissue next to it. It is not easy to detect this deep tissue injury if the victim has dark skin complexion. This patch on the skin may eventually evolve into a thin blister. Further, it may evolve into wound and be covered by a thin Eschar. No matter however perfect and severe the treatment, the evolving of the wound will be rapid exposing more and more layers of the tissue, which we call stages of the pressure ulcer... Stage 1 In the first stage of the ailment, one will notice the intact skin having non-blanchable sore redness of the localized area commonly over a prominently bony area. For victims with dark skin complexion, this may be recognized as that area which is in a different shade of color than the area around it. Yet the initial stage is very difficult to detect with victims having darker skin complexion. The onset of the ailment may sometimes be diagnosed as "at ri sk" and not confirmed. The affected area may feel firm, warmer or cooler, soft and painful compared to the tissue next to it. Stage 2 In this stage, the affected area will see a loss of thickness of the skin layer, resulting in an open low lying ulcer with a reddish pink sore area not having slough. Alternately, this stage may also result in a tight or ruptured blister full of serum. Alternately, this stage may see a dry shallow ulcer having no bruising. This step should not be utilized for explaining perineal dermitis, skin tears, excoriation, tape burns or maceration. If in this stage, a wound may be doubted as a deep tissue injury. Stage 3 This stage will visualize a complete loss of the weight of the tissue. Here subcutaneous fat may be exposed, but one will not see the muscle, tendon or the bone. Slough that is there cannot blur the severity of the tissue lost. This stage may also include tunneling or undermining. The shallowness of the stage 3 pressure ulcer is location-dependent. It is very shallow in the areas where subcutaneous tissue is absent such as nose, occiput, malleolus, ear, etc. In contrast, affected areas having excessive fatty tissues will develop very deep stage 3 pressure ulcers. It may not be possible to visualize or touch the underlying bone or tendon. Stage 4 The final stage here will see a complete loss of the fat under the skin, showing out the bone and muscle. A few areas of the bruise may also see Eschar. Very frequently, this stage involves undermining and tunneling. Again in this stage, the depth of the exposed tissue differs depending on the anatomy of the body. It is very shallow in the areas where subcutaneous tissue is absent such as nose, occiput, malleolus, ear, etc. These final ripened ulcers may evolve further into muscle making osteomyelitis feasible. The bone or tendon showing out can be seen clearly and touched too.

Primary lesion Macules

Macule: A small localized change in the color of skin that is neither raised (elevated) nor depressed. Macules are never large. They are basically little spots or blemishes in the skin. They are entirely flat and can only be appreciated by visual inspection; they cannot be seen from the side, just from above.

Papules
A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to 1 cm.[1][nb 1] They can be either brown, purple, pink or red in colour. The papules may open when scratched and become infected and crusty.[2] Papules may have different shapes and are sometimes associated with other features such as crusts or scales.

Vesicles
a liquid-filled cavity under the epidermis, commonly called a blister