Chapter 12 testbank questions (for Test 4) SHORT ANSWER.

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Figure 12.3 Using Figure 12.3, match the following:

1) Site of efferent soma. 2) Site of axons and afferent neurons. 3) Site of sensory soma. 4) Gray commissure. 5) Horn usually containing interneurons. 6) Site containing central canal. 7) Multipolar neurons are common here. TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 8) NREM sleep normally exhibits four distinct stages, which appear to alternate. 9) A flat EEG is a good indication of deep sleep.

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

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10) Theta waves are a brain wave pattern that can be seen during deep sleep and during anesthesia. 11) Cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons of the spinal nerves are located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. 12) Meningitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of neurons. 13) The spinal cord ends between L1 and L2. 14) Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and in the subarachnoid space outside the brain. 15) The RAS is comprised of specific pathways primarily in the limbic system. 16) The left cerebral hemisphere is usually dominant. 17) The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain. 18) Commissural fibers form the corpus striatum. 19) A disturbance of posture, muscle tremors at rest, and uncontrolled muscle contraction are all symptoms of damage to the basal nuclei. 20) Projection fibers in the brain mainly connect the right and left hemispheres. 21) Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over from one side of the body to the other. 22) One functional center found within the medulla oblongata is a respiratory center involved in the control of the rate and depth of breathing. 23) Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the hypothalamus. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 24) The nonspecific ascending pathways ________. A) are also called the lemniscal system B) are evolutionarily newer than the specific pathways C) are involved in the emotional aspects of perception D) receive inputs from a single type of sensory receptor

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25) Nuclei of cranial nerves V, VI, and VII are found in the ________. A) midbrain B) pons C) medulla D) cerebrum

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26) The arbor vitae refers to ________. A) cerebellar white matter B) flocculonodular nodes C) the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellum D) cerebellar gray matter 27) The brain stem consists of the ________. A) pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain C) cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla B) midbrain only D) midbrain, medulla, and pons

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28) The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________. A) frontal lobe C) parietal lobe 29) The spinal cord has gray matter on the ________. A) inside, white matter on the outside, and a ventral motor root B) outside, white matter on the inside, and a dorsal motor root C) inside, white matter on the outside, and a dorsal motor root D) outside, white matter on the inside, and a ventral motor root 30) The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? A) dura and epidura C) arachnoid and dura B) arachnoid and epidura D) arachnoid and pia B) prefrontal lobe D) temporal lobe

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31) The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________. A) midbrain B) medulla C) cerebrum D) pons

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32) Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ________. A) the thalamus C) the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord B) sympathetic ganglia D) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

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33) The fissure separating the cerebral hemispheres is the ________. A) parieto-occipital fissure C) central fissure B) lateral fissure D) longitudinal fissure

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34) The limbic association area of the multimodal association areas provides our ________. A) learning abilities C) emotional impact B) recall and personality D) working memory

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35) A shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called a ________. A) sulcus B) gyrus C) fissure D) furrow

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36) The cerebrospinal fluid ________. A) is formed mostly by the choroid plexuses and modified by ependymal cells B) is secreted by the arachnoid villi C) is secreted mostly by the neuroglia cells lining the brain ventricles D) enters the four ventricles after filling and circulating through the subarachnoid space 37) The central sulcus separates which lobes? A) temporal from parietal C) frontal from temporal B) frontal from parietal D) parietal from occipital

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38) Which of these would you not find in the cerebral cortex? A) dendrites C) unmyelinated axons 39) The hypothalamus ________. A) is the thermostat of the body since it regulates temperature B) is an important auditory and visual relay center C) mediates sensations D) has the Pulvinar body as part of its structure 40) The white matter of the spinal cord contains ________. A) unmyelinated nerve fibers only B) soma that have both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers C) myelinated nerve fibers only D) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers 41) An individual accidentally transected the spinal cord between T1 and L1. This would result in ________. A) paraplegia C) quadriplegia B) spinal shock only D) hemiplegia B) fiber tracts D) cell bodies

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42) Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________. A) gyri B) ganglia C) fissures D) sulci

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43) The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________. A) central sulcus C) lateral sulcus 44) Broca's area ________. A) is usually found in the right hemisphere C) serves the recognition of complex objects 45) The blood-brain barrier is effective against ________. A) alcohol C) anesthetics 46) Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei? A) globus pallidus C) putamen B) lentiform nucleus D) substantia nigra B) nutrients such as glucose D) metabolic waste such as urea B) corresponds to Brodmann's area 8 D) is considered a motor speech area B) longitudinal fissure D) cranial fossa

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47) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. A) amygdaloid nucleus C) caudate nucleus 48) Which of the following is not a midbrain structure? A) corpora quadrigemina C) cerebral peduncles 49) An electroencephalogram ________. A) can only detect abnormal electrical activity B) indicates a normal frequency range of 1-30 Hz C) indicates an average amplitude of 20-100 V D) is a record of total body electrical activity 50) The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________. A) thalamus C) pyramids B) limbic system D) reticular formation B) third ventricle D) red nucleus B) cingulate gyrus D) hippocampus

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51) Which of the following would you not find in normal cerebrospinal fluid? A) protein B) potassium C) red blood cells D) glucose

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52) White matter of the spinal cord ________. A) contains the anterior and posterior spinocerebellar tracts B) is composed of myelinated fibers only C) has afferent fibers carrying impulses from peripheral sensory receptors D) ascends to higher PNS centers 53) Which statement about aging is most accurate? A) Despite some neuronal loss, changing synaptic connections support additional learning throughout life. B) The brain reaches its maximum weight around the seventh decade of life. C) Synaptic connections are too fixed to permit a great deal of learning after the age of 35. D) Learning throughout the adult and aging years is supported primarily by glial proliferation. 54) Brain wave amplitude ________. A) results from subtraction of delta waves from theta waves B) is the measure of activity of specific individual neurons C) reflects the number of neurons firing synchronously D) is an average of about 1 V 55) The corpus striatum plays a special role in ________. A) face recognition C) skill learning B) spatial learning D) fact learning

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56) Which of the following structures is probably not directly involved in memory? A) prefrontal cortex C) medulla B) amygdala D) hippocampus

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57) White matter (myelinated fibers) is found in all of the following locations, with the exception of the ________. A) cerebral cortex C) corpus callosum B) corticospinal tracts D) outer portion of the spinal cord

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58) ________ waves are not normal for awake adults but are common for children. A) Beta B) Theta C) Delta D) Alpha

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 59) The fourth ventricle is continuous with the ________ of the spinal cord. 60) The large commissure that connects the right and left sides of the brain is called the ________. 61) The ________ is a conduction pathway between higher and lower brain centers and houses nuclei for cranial nerves V-VII. 62) The ________ are valvelike and protrude externally through the dura mater to absorb cerebrospinal fluid into venous blood. 63) Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the ________ horn. 64) The ________ includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. 65) The largest nuclear mass in the midbrain is the ________. 66) In stage 3 sleep, ________ and ________ waves appear. 67) ________ rhythm is a 24-hour cycle of sleep and wakefulness. 59) 60)

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