7th Grade Social Studies Final Exam Study Guide

1. Place the following events on a time line.

A. Humans migrate to North America 40,000 10000 years ago B. Vikings explore North America 1,000 AD C. Columbus lands - 1492 D. Jamestown founded 1607 E. Separatist found Plymouth - 1620 F. French and Indian War 1754-1763 G. Stamp Act - 1765 H. Shots fired at Lexington and Concord April 19th, 1775 I. Declaration of Independence announced July 4th, 1776 J. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown October, 1788 K. Constitution proposed - 1787 L. Constitution ratified - 1788 M. Washington serves as president 1789 - 1797 N. Thomas Jefferson elected - 1800

2. Certain people have contributed greatly to the history of our country, others represent a specific time period, know the major contributions of the following:

Individual People

Columbus Spanish explorer, led the 1402 journey to new world Magellan 1519 sailed from Spain and reached Philippines Queen Isabella the queen who married Ferdinand, hired Columbus, exiled all moors Queen Elizabeth - Greatest ruler of England Eric the Red father of Leif Leif Ericsson discovered Newfoundland Marco Polo traveled to Asia Prince Henry Amerigo Vespucci America named after him because his name was on the map Galileo famous astronomer, said the earth revolved around sun Henry VIII had 6 wives, created the Anglican Church

Vasco Nunez Balboa first European to discover the pacific Hernando Cortez captured the Aztecs, Aztecs thought he was a god Montezuma leader of the Aztecs, stoned to death Malinche translator for Cortez, told him about Quetzalcoatl, also known as Donna Maria Quetzalcoatl god hero of the Aztecs Francisco Pizzaro captured the Incas, killed Atahualpa Ponce De Leon made governor of Puerto Rico, searched for the fountain of youth

Coronado Wants to find the 7 cities of gold, found the Grand Canyon. John Cabot he helped England claim North America, Italian Christopher Newport leader of the Plymouth colony John Smith befriended Pocahantas Pocahontas Native American who helped John Smith Powhatan Pocahontas father, fought with Jamestown colony John Winthrop Leader of the Puritans William Penn founded Pennsylvania William Bradford leader of the Plymouth colony Anne Hutchinson was puritan of Mass. Bay colony because she questioned the leaders George Washington general in revolutionary war, first president Thomas Paine created Common Sense and The Crisis Thomas Jefferson wrote D.O.I., argued with Hamilton John Locke John Hancock Signed DOI Lafayette French leader in the revolution Ben Franklin Inventor, founding father Cornwallis British General who surrendered at Yorktown James Madison Father of the Constitution Alexander Hamilton (as Treasurer) Wants national bank. William Patterson leader of the Puritans

Groups of People

Aztecs - A member of the American Indian people dominant in Mexico

before the Spanish conquest of the 16th century Incas - member of a South American Indian people living in the central Andes before the Spanish conquest. Conquistadors - A conqueror, esp. one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century Catholics - the Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church with more than a billion members, approximately one-sixth of the world's population. Protestants - member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches Norse nickname for the Vikings Puritans Want to Purify the Church Separatists Leave England for religious freedom Quakers Loyalists - British Patriots - Americans Federalists supporters of the Constitution Democratic People cote on issues Republicans Government votes on issues Anti-federalist Dont support the Constitution

3. Events

Crusades Religious wars Renaissance, Spanish Armada, Enlightenment, Slavery, Starving Time Jamestown is Great Awakening religious awareness French and Indian War war with the French and British Pontiacs War British kept Pontiac Indians in Ohio, and they fought Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party,

Battle of Lexington and Concord, Battles of Trenton and Princeton, Battle of Yorktown, Constitutional Convention

4. Documents

Magna Carta 1215, written for Parliament Mayflower Compact, Common Sense, Declaration of Independence,

Articles of Confederation too weak for the national government Constitution, Bill of Rights, Washingtons Farewell Address Washington made a speech after his presidency, mind own buisiness 5. Terms

Slave Trade, Conquistador, Charter, Indentured Servant arranged for work in America for 7 years, Colombian Exchange, House of Burgesses, Executive Branch, Legislative Branch, Judicial Branch, Freeholder, Town Council, Bill of Rights, Shays Rebellion occurred during the Articles of Confederation Virginia Plan, NJ Plan, Great Compromise 5 slaves count as 1 free man 3/5 Compromise, checks and balances, separation of powers, impeachment - accusation Anti-federalists people who dont support the Constitution Federalist Papers - letters to editors to go with the federalists

Whiskey Rebellion

6. Vocabulary

Culture, Prehistory before recorded history civilization, empire feudalism social classes nationalist, monopoly total control of a company profit, colony, missionaries people that go to spread their religion mercantilism keeping gold and silver at the same country investor, shares of stock, plantation, blockade, guerrilla warfare, compromise, inflation, deflation, republic, democracy, monarchy, confederation,

ratified, agencies, cabinet, veto, federalism, amendment, utopia, privateer, mutiny, sagas stories about the Vikings pagan no one god polytheism, mulattoes, mestizos, inquisition -

7. Places

Great Plains, London location of Queen Elizabeth, Shakespeare St. Augustine, Roanoke, San Salvador, Northwest Passage, Philadelphia 1787 Constitution ratified Washington DC - capital

Tenochtitlan, City of Gold Cibola, Coronado searched for him Cuba Ponce de Leon was After his the search Peru where Pizarro took over the Incas Jamestown, Spain, Newfoundland founded by Leif Ericson Florida location of the fountain of youth Plymouth Pilgrims landed there

Colonies

Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Amsterdam, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Georgia.

8. Religions

Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Shinto, Catholicism, Protestant.

9. Multiple Choice/Short Answer Questions

1 . Who were the first people to live in the Western Hemisphere? How did they get there? Describe their way of life.

2 .How did the different Native Americans live? How did geography and method of food acquisition influence their culture? What has been their legacy?

3 . Why did the Europeans colonize North America?

4 .How were these colonies similar? Different? What are the major differences between the cultures of each section? (know the colonies) Breadbasket Middle Cotton Southern Whaling New England 5 . What were the causes of the American Revolution? Taxes 6 .How did the American Revolution result in Independence? What role does NJ play? Was the middle of the Revolution 7 . What problems did the independent colonies face in uniting as a new nation?

8 .What led to the creation of the Constitution? Why was it written? The Articles of Confederation was too weak, and states had too much power.

9 How does the Constitution create a balanced national . government? How can it be changed?

10. What differences gave rise to the first political parties? The national bank 11. Make a chart depicting the levels and branches of American government today.

12. Explain how Gold, Glory, and God shaped the new world through exploration and interaction with new civilizations. Be able to provide specific examples. They want to get gold, be known for fame, and to spread Christianity. 13. Describe what qualities a great leader possesses. Use Christopher Columbus, John Smith, and George Washington as references. Provide examples of how they displayed certain qualities.

10. Skills - You must be able to:

1. Differentiate between primary and secondary sources and provide examples of both. 2. Determine cause and effect 3. Separate facts from opinion

5. Explain supply and demand 6. Read a bar graph 7. Make an outline 8. Explain different points of view 9. Locate places on a map.