Legal Medicine First of all we must first define what legal medicine is.

"It is the set of medical knowledge used by the administration of justice to clarify or resolve problems of a civil, criminal or administrative and support the formulation of certain laws. From the Aztecs to our present Mexico! 1. - One is clear like first legal medicine expert Imhotep, that a.C lived in Egypt 3.000. 2. - During the Renaissance, Emperor Carlos V promulgated the Carolingio code, that he established that a medical expert had to help the judges. 3. - Century XVIII was characterized by the development of the first Legal Medicine chairs. 4. - During the Average Age already it was demanded that the injuries caused with violence were compensated. 5. - In century XV they appear the first doctor-legal expert works. 6. - In 1575 Ambrosio Par publishes the first work on Legal Medicine. From the Aztecs: Her organization took place in the Calpulli (of Nahuatl calpulle: great house) that consisted of 20 juries trained by the adult members of the oldest families. One of the civil servants, Calpullec, distributed common earth and decided on the disputes that happened; it administered justice in the subjects of smaller importance, represented his group in the cases of controversies with other clans and collected taxes. The great advice conformed by the 20 representatives of calpullis, called tlatocan was in charge to judge criminal and civil subjects of the tribe. The law punished the crimes had between the people and considered the property, the moral, moral convention, the order, the public tranquility, the mother country and the religion. The most frequent punishments were the capital punishment, the mutilation, the slavery, the exile, the confiscation of goods, the suspension of rights and the loss of the use. As of the eight years of age already a rigorous, from nailing thorns to them in the hands to spending one night in the mountain with the low temperatures, tied and naked corporal punishment prevailed to them over a mud pool. They governed laws against incest similar to the present ones; the marriage between people of the same family was prohibited. The homicide was punished with the capital punishment, as well as the abortion and the infanticide (homicide of new born). The adulterers used to be stoned (to stone: to kill throwing stones) and also they could be shot with an arrow hanged people or. The

intoxication was serious crime, unless it occurred in occasion of a ceremony. All this makes suppose that a legal medical criterion took part, even though did not exist the medical specialty between the Aztecs. They had a classification of wounds. The Colony In the times of the New Spain, teaching was reason for great interest from the beginnings of medical education. During the Colony, founded by real certificate sent the 21 of September of 1551, the Real and Pontifical University of Mexico settled down, by emperor Carlos V so that natural and the children of Spaniards they were well-educated of the catholic faith, implanted the Medicine Chair towards year 1580, which reason to the men of the Colony to study it. The legal medicine must be considered inheriting authentic of the Renaissance, whose development began with the works of Ambrosio Par and Fortunato Fedele, in century XVI. The political and religious situation that prevailed then to the New Spain prevented that the new knowledge arrived, remaining strange to the intellectual currents of the Renaissance. For that reason until 1768 it was that the Real School of Surgery was based on the New Spain. The chairs that to the aim were established were anatomy, physiology, surgical clinic and legal medicine. Independence. The decay of the University was become serious, reason why the government of the republic was forced to issue a decree, in 1833, to close the doors of the Real and Pontifical University of Mexico. Later, president of the Republic Don Valentin Go'mez Faras founded the Establishment of Medical Sciences. Within the medicine race the legal medicine chair, whose senior instructor was doctor Agustn Arellano, named was created the 27 of November of 1833. In century XIX, the most outstanding figure was the teacher Luis Hidalgo and Carpio (1818 - 1879), whom know themselves him like the founder of the scientific stage of the legal medicine in Mexico. Their areas of interest were the legal medicine classification of the injuries and the relation of the doctors with the authorities. In the first aspect it struggled to separate the damage of the body and the repercussion in the interests. In the second aspect, it fought against the disposition that imposed severe punishments to the facultative one that it did not take care of a patient immediately, as well as the obligation of the doctor to divulge secrets known in the professional exercise. It wrote two works: introduction to the Mexican legal medicine and later the Mexican legal medicine Compendium, in collaboration with the doctor Gustavo Ruiz Sandoval, published in 1877 and who was the text in the Medicine faculty during several years.

First penal code He is of interest for the legal medicine the referring thing to the appointment, the 6 of October of 1862, of a commission that formulated a Penal Code for the Federal District and the territory of Baja California, which was truncated by the foreign invasion to Mexico and it was started again in 1868. In the Penal Code a series of hurt concepts of and another type of injuries was considered, that talk about to crimes of injuries and homicide and whose expert opinions most of occupy the work of the medical legal experts. The injuries were classified in slight, serious by accident and serious by essence. Later other two classes of injuries were added: the lethal wounds by accident and the lethal wounds by essence. This classification remained until the year of 1871. Organization of the Legal Medical Service The Legal Medical service of the Federal District and federal territories was not organized completely but until 1903, when the Government of the Republic dictated to the Law of Judicial Organization and the Regulation of the Statutory law of Courts. This law in its article 114, says: The legal medical service for the administration of justice in the district will be carried out by the doctors of the police station, those of hospitals, those of jails and the medical experts legal experts. In article 119, it mentioned: There will be in the city of Mexico four skillful doctor-legal experts, two chemicals, a medical instructor, a writing archivist, two young men and a medical legal expert in each of these delegations: Tacuba, Tacubaya, Tlalpan and Xochimilco For more than 15 years the legal medical service of the city of Mexico worked in agreement with the 1903 law; the 9 of September of 1919, the government inherited of the Mexican Revolution the Statutory law of Courts of the Common Law with respect to the organization of the legal medical service. The penal code of 1929 created the Supreme Council of Defense and Social Prevention; then the doctor-legal service stopped belonging to the Court Superior of Justice to comprise of the advice, on who it depended until 1931, when the effective penal code was put in force. Legal Medical service of the D.F. In the technical plane, the medical legal experts of the Federal District are grouped mainly in three institutions: Forensic Medical service that in the capital depends on the Court Superior of Justice of the Federal District, and is in charge of the practice of medicolegals

autopsies. Expert Main Directorate of Logistics of the General Office of the judge advocate general of Justice of the Federal District. Their doctors attend the scene of the death; take care of cases of injuries as well as of crimes against the sexual freedom. General office of the judge advocate general of the Justice of the Republic, whose doctors take care of the cases of farmacodependence and other federal crimes. In each state a forensic medical service exists that depends on Expert the Main Directorate of Logistics of the General Office of the judge advocate general of State Justice. Legal medicine in Guadalajara Practically the founder of the Legal Medicine Department in Guadalajara was the Dr. Don Enrique Camarena who also was the director of the Civil Hospital, director of the Medicine Faculty and later Director of the University of Guadalajara. It continued with the position the Dr. later Don Roberto Michel and the Rescuing Dr. Garcia, continued with this position the Dr. Don Eduardo Contreras Reyna to whom him is due the merit of to have modernized the methods of file of the Department. During the time of the Dr. Eduardo Contreras Reyna the Dr. was secretary Miguel Quezada, who continued with the headquarters of the Department during the government of the Lic. Agustn Yaez and secretary in the period between 1953 and 1959 the Dr. Mario Rivas Souza. After the government of the Lic. Agustn Yaez siguio in the position the S. Professor Don Juan Appraised Gil and having named as president of the Supreme Court of Justice Sr. Lic. Don Santiago Camarena and due to the resignation of Mr. Dr. Miguel Quezada Ochoa, were appointed Director of the Legal Medicine Department the Dr. Mario Rivas Souza since in that date the legal Medicine Department depended on the Supreme Court of Justice. The Dr. Mario Rivas Souza has carried out the position of Director of the Legal Medicine Department from year 1959 to the date. Being already governor the Lic. Flavio Rosemary of Velazco, the Legal Medicine Department changed of name by Servicio Medico Forense (SEMEFO) and happened to be a dependency of the Office of the judge advocate general of Justice of the State of which it was to title Cardinal red Mr. Navarrese Rescuing Lic. During this period a great impulse occurred him to the SEMEFO. During the government of Mr. Lic. Guillermo Coso Vidaurri the ceiling of the Depto was reinforced. of Legal Medicine that was on the verge of falling by the action of the time and rains as well as that was authorized the construction of an incinerating furnace which never got to work by to have been unfinished the work. Coso did not finish its period of government since it requested a license after the explosions of the 22 of April of 1992, continuing like Temporary Governor the Lic. Carlos Aceves Creek without having any change in the Office of the judge advocate general of Justice; in this period the murder of Mr. Cardenal occurred Put Ocampo in the Airport the International of the City of

Guadalajara and to which the Dr. Mario Rivas Souza practiced the corresponding autopsy. This was worth to the Dr. Mario Rivas Souza a national but international recognition to him not only due to its firm determination on the matter. When finishing its order like Temporary Governor the Lic. Carlos Aceves Creek, occupied the gubernatura of the state Cardinal red Mr. Ing. Alberto Jimnez. In the Cardinal red period of Ing. Alberto Jimnez, in the state of Jalisco, by decree 17 152 of its congress, 1998 the Institute Jalisciense de Ciencias Forenses (IJCF) like decentralized public organism settled down, residing in Guadalajara. This institute has like first authority a Governing body, presided over by the general solicitor of the Justice of the State. As first chief of a main directorate appointed doctor Macedonio S. Tmez Guajardo. Mexico has been soothes of several international medicolegales events: legal medicine symposium, two congresses of the Latin American Forensic Medicine Association, one of them with world-wide character. Conclusion In personnel I can to say that in our country has it have great advances within which medicine refers to legal, since we happened of simple ceremonies where anatomical explorations are , with experimentation aims, to promote laws that force a autopsy to be able to determine the death cause. Furthermore it is an interesting career for since at present it is not a saturated race, which implies a labor but ample field.