SIEMENS Siemens AG is a German engineering conglomerate that is the Europe .

Siemens has international headquarters located in Berlin , Munich and Erlangen , Germany . the company has three main business sectors : industry , energy , and healthcare ; with a total of 15 divisions. Worldwide Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 420,800 people in nearly 190 countries and reported global revenue of 76.651 billion Euros for the year of 2009. Siemens AG is listed on the Frankfurt stock exchange , and has been listed on the new York stock exchange since march 12, 2001.

HISTORY Founder generation Siemens and halske was founded by Werner von Siemens on October 12,1847 . based on the telegraph , his invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters , instead of using Morse code . the company , then called telegraphen bauanstalt von Siemens and halske , opened its first workshop on October 12. In 1848 , the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am main . in 1850 the founders younger brother , Carl Wilhelm Siemens started to represent the company in London . in the 1850 , the company was involved in building long distance telegraph network in Russia . in 1855 a company branch headed by headed by another brother , Carl heinrich von Siemens , opened in St Petersburg , Russia . in 1867 , Siemens completed the monumental indo-European telegraph line. In 1881 , a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world first electric street lighting in the town of godalming , united kingdom . the company continued to grow and diversified into electric train and light bulbs. In 1890 , the founder retired and left the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm.

Turn of the century Siemens & Halske (S&H) was incorporated in 1897, and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert & Co., Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens-schuckert. In 1907 Siemens had 34,324 employees and was the seventh-largest company in the German empire by number of employees.)In 1919, S&H and two other companies jointly formed the osram lightbulb company. A Japanese subsidiary was established in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, S&H started to manufacture radio, television sets and electron microscopes. In 1932, Reiniger , gebbert and schall (Erlangen), phoenix AG(Rudolstadt) and Siemens-reiniger-veifa(Berlin) merged to form the Siemens-reiniger werke AG (SRW), the third of the so-called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present-day Siemens AG. In the 1930s Siemens constructed the Ardnacrusha Hydro Power station on the river Shannon in the then Irish free state , and it was a world first for its design. The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its underpaid workers only to be overruled by the government.

World War II era A Siemens truck being used as a NAZI PUBLIC ADDRESS vehicle in 1932 Preceding World War II, Siemens was involved in funding the rise of the Nazi Party and the secret rearmament of Germany. During the second World War, Siemens supported the HITLER regime, contributed to the war effort and participated in the "Nazification" of the economy. Siemens had many factories in and around notorious concentration camps to build electric switches for military uses. In one example, almost 100,000 men and women from Auschwitz worked in a Siemens factory inside the camp, supplying the electricity to the camp. Siemens businessman and Nazi party member john rabe is credited with saving hundreds of thousands of Chinese lives during the Nanking massacre . He later toured Germany lecturing on the atrocities committed in Nanking.

Post-war A 1973 Siemens electron microscope muse des arts et metiers, Paris In the 1950s and from their new base in Bavaria , S&H started to manufacture computers semiconductors devices washing machine , and pacemakers . In 1966, Siemens and halske (S&H, founded in 1847), Siemens schuckerwerke(SSW, founded in 1903) and Siemens reiniger -werke (SRW, founded in 1932) merged to form Siemens AG. The company's first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980. In 1988 Siemens and GEC acquired the UK defense and technology company. Plessey's holdings were split, and Siemens took over the , radar and traffic control businesses as Siemens Plessey. In 1985 Siemens bought Allis-Chalmers interest in the partnership company Siemens Allis(formed 1978) which supplied electrical control equipment. It was incorporated into Siemens' Energy and Automation division. In 1991, Siemens acquired Siemens computer AG and renamed it Siemens Nixdorf information system AG. In October 1991, Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of taxes instrument Inc, based in Johnson City, Tennessee. This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc., and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation, Inc.

In 1997 Siemens introduced the first GSM cellular phone with colour display Also in 1997 Siemens agreed to sell the defense arm of Siemens Plessey to BRITISH AEROSCOPE (BAe) and a UK government agency, the defense analytical service agency (DASA). BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively. In 1999, Siemens' semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company known as Infineon technologies . Also, Siemens Nixdorf Information system AG formed part of jujitsu Siemens computers AG in that year. The retail banking technology group became wincer Nixdorf . Siemens velaro high speed trains in service in Changsha and china . In 2000 shared medical system corporation . was acquired by the Siemens' Medical Engineering Group, eventually becoming part of Siemens medical solution . Also in 2000 atecs Mannesmann was acquired by Siemens, The sale was finalized in April 2001 with 50% of the shares acquired, acquisition, Mannesmann VDO AG merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG, Atecs Mannesmann Dalmatic Systems merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dalmatic AG, Mannesmann Demag Delaval merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG. Other parts of the company were acquired by ROBERT BOSCH GMBH at the same time. In 2001 Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group, the company provides industrial process optimization, consultancy and other engineering services

In 2003 Siemens acquired the flow division of Danfoss and incorporated it into the Automation and Drives division. Also in 2003 Siemens acquired Index software (real-time data organization and presentation). The same year in an unrelated development Siemens reopened its office in Kabul. Also in 2003 agreed to buy Alstom Industrial Turbines; a manufacturer of small, medium and industrial gas turbines for 1.1 billion Euro. In 2004 the wind energy company Bonus Energy in Brande, Denmark was acquired, forming Siemens Wind Power division. Also in 2004 Siemens invested in Dasan Networks (South Korea, broadband network equipment) acquiring ~40% of the shares, Nokia Siemens disinvested itself of the shares in 2008, The same year Siemens acquired Photo-Scan (UK, CCTV systems) US Filter Corporation (water and Waste Water Treatment Technologies/ Solutions, acquired from Veolia), Hunstville Electronics Corporation (automobile electronics, acquired from Chrysler), and Chantry Networks (WLAN equipment) In 2005 Siemens sold the Siemens mobile manufacturing business to BenQ, forming the BenQ-Siemens division. Also in 2005 Siemens acquired Flender Holding GmbH (Bocholt, Germany, gears/industrial drives), Bewator AB (building security systems), Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control, Inc. (Industrial and power station dust control systems), AN Windenegrie GmbH. (Wind energy), Power Technologies Inc. (Schenectady, USA, energy industry software and training), CTI Molecular Imaging (Positron emission tomography and molecular imaging systems), Myrio (IPTV systems), Shaw Power Technologies International Ltd (UK/USA, electrical engineering consulting, acquired from Shaw Group), and

Transmitton (Ashby de la Zouch UK, rail and other industry control and asset management). In 2006, Siemens announced the purchase of Bayer Diagnostics, which was incorporated into the Medical Solutions Diagnostics division on 1 January 2007, also in 2006 Siemens acquired Controlotron (New York) (ultrasonic flow meters) Also in 2006 Siemens acquired Diagnostic Products Corp., Kadon Electro Mechanical Services Ltd. (now TurboCare Canada Ltd.), Khnle, Kopp, & Kausch AG, Opto Control, and VistaScape Security Systems. In March 2007 a Siemens board member was temporarily arrested and accused of illegally financing a businessfriendly labour association which competes against the union IG Metall. He has been released on bail. Offices of the labour union and of Siemens have been searched. Siemens denies any wrongdoing. In April the Fixed Networks, Mobile Networks and Carrier Services divisions of Siemens merged with Nokia's Network Business Group in a 50/50 joint venture, creating a fixed and mobile network company called Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia delayed the mergerdue to bribery investigations against Siemens. In October 2007, a court in Munich found that the company had bribed public officials in Libya, Russia, and Nigeria in return for the awarding of contracts; four former Nigerian Ministers of Communications were among those named as recipients of the payments. The company admitted to having paid the bribes and agreed to pay a fine of 201 million euros. In December 2007, the Nigerian government canceled a contract with Siemens due to the bribery findings.

Also in 2007 Siemens acquired Vai Ingdesi Automation (Argentina, Industrial Automation), UGS Corp., Dade Behring, Sidelco (Quebec, Canada), S/D Engineers Inc., and Gesellschaft fur Systemforschung und Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen mbH (GSD) (Germany). In July 2008, Siemens AG announced a joint venture of the Enterprise Communications business with the Gores Group. The Gores Group holding a majority interest of 51% stake, with Siemens AG holding a minority interest of 49%. Also acquired in 2008 was SG Wasseraufbereitung und Regenerierstation GmbH (SG Water). In April 2009, Fujitsu Siemens Computers became Fujitsu Technology Solutions as a result of Fujitsu buying out Siemens' share of the company.

Chief executives and executive board members Werner von Siemens Wilhelm von Siemens Carl Friedrich von Siemens Hermann von Siemens Ernst von Siemens Michael Becker Volker Walprecht Gerd Tacke Ralf Guntermann Tom Blades Karlheinz Kaske M. H. Bhutta Michael Sub Ren Umlauts Matthias Platsch Bernhard Plettner Heinrich von Pierer Tom Blades Ralf Christian Joe Kaeser, (May 1, 2006present) CFO Klaus Kleinfeld Peter Letcher (2007present)(CEO)

CORPORATES DIVISIONS: Management Peter Lscher (formerly of Merck) is the current president and the CEO as of July 1, 2007. He succeeded Dr. Klaus Kleinfeld after the scandal charges of bribery against Siemens. Gerhard Cromme is the current chairman of the supervisory board of Siemens AG. He succeeded Dr. Heinrich von Pierer on April 26, 2007. Organization structure Since 1 January 2008, the company is divided into 3 sectors and a total of 15 divisions.

Industry Sector (led by Siegfried Russwurm) o Comprising six sub-divisions: Industry Automation, Motion Control, Building Technologies, Industry Solutions, Mobility (See Siemens Mobility) and Osram Energy Sector (led by Wolfgang Dehen) o Comprising six sub-divisions: Fossil Power Generation, Renewable Energy, Oil & Gas, Service Rotating Equipment, Power Transmission and Power Distribution Healthcare Sector (led by Hermann Requardt) o Comprising three sub divisions: Imaging & IT, Workflow & Solutions and Diagnostics

In addition two other organizations Siemens IT Solutions and Services and Siemens Financial Services were part of the group, providing services to the other divisions.

Siemens' five operational business areas before 2008 were:

Automation & Control (Automation & Drives, Industrial Solutions & Services, Siemens Building Technologies) Power, Transportation o Rail (see Siemens Transportation Systems) o Automotive Medical (Siemens Healthcare) Information & Communication (Siemens Communications, Siemens IT Solutions and Services) Lighting (OSRAM GmbH, OSRAM Sylvania).

The company also operated subsidiaries for Financing (Siemens Financial Services), Real Estate (Siemens Real Estate), Home Appliances (BSH), Water Technologies (SWT) and Business Services.

JOINT VENTURE In addition to the Nokia Siemens telecommunications giant formed in 2006 the company has a number of other joint ventures:

Siemens Traction Equipment Ltd. (STEZ), zhuzhou China, is a joint venture between Siemens, zhuzhou CSR times electric co.,ltd.(TEC) andCSR zhuzhou electric locomotive co., ltd (ZELC). Which produces AC drive electric locomotives and AC locomotive traction components .

CONTROVERSIES 2007 Price fixing fine In January 2007 Siemens was fined 396 million by the European commission for price fixing in EU electricity markets through a cartel involving 11 companies, among whichABB, Alstom Fuji, Hitachi Japan , AE Power Systems, and VA Tech According to the Commission, "between 1988 and 2004, the companies rigged bids for procurement contracts, fixed prices, allocated projects to each other, shared markets and exchanged commercially important and confidential information." Siemens was given the highest fine of 396 million, more than half of the total, for its alleged leadership role in the incident.

Bribery case Siemens agreed to pay a record $1.34 billion in fines in December 2008 after being investigated for serious bribery, involving Heinz-Joachim Neuberger, former chief financial officer, Karl-Hermann Baumann, another former CFO and exchairman, and Johannes Feldmayer, a former management board member. The investigation found questionable payments of roughly 1.3 billion, from 2002 to 2006 that triggered a broad range of inquiries in Germany, the United States and many other countries. In May 2007 a German court convicted two former executives of paying about 6 million in bribes from 1999 to 2002 to help Siemens win natural gas turbine supply contracts with Enel, an Italian energy company. The contracts were valued at about 450 million. Siemens was fined 38 million.