The problems worked in class on PERT / CPM 1) A project has the following characteristics Activity Preceding Activity A None

B A C A D B E D F D G D H B I C,E J G K F,I,J L K M H,G N M You are required to a) Draw a PERT diagramme b) Find the critical path and the projection completion time c) Prepare an activity Schedule showing the ES, EF, LS, LF, and Slack for each activity Solution
a) PERT Diagramme

Expected completion time (in Weeks) 5 2 6 12 10 9 5 9 1 2 3 9 7 8

7 M H 6 G

9 N

A 1 2

B 3 C

D 4 E

F 8 I

K 10

L 11

Dummy Activity Critical Path

b) The Various paths and their lengths are as follows From the above diagramme we can find the following paths to complete the work
i) ii) iii)

1 2- 5-8-10 11 1-2-3-7-9-11 1-2-3-4-6-7-9-11 1-2-3-4-6-8-10-11 1-2-3-4-8-10-11 1-2-3-4-5-8-10-11

= 24 = 31 = 39 = 38 = 40 = 42 - Critical Path

iv) v)
vi)

The path which takes longer duration will be the critical path
c) The schedule showing ES, EF, LS, LF, and Slack

Progressive and Retrogressive Computation of Time or Forward Pass and Backward pass) Progressive computation or Forward pass is used for calculating the Earliest start and Earliest Finish times. They are found by calculations performed in sequence from the left to the right of the network. This series of calculation is also called the forward pass we first assign a project day, usually, zero to the start of the first activity, to represent the ES for that activity. Then we obtain EF by adding the duration of the activity to ES of the activity, from the left of the network to the right of the network. Retrogressive computation or Backward pass is used in calculating the Latest Finish and latest start dates. In this process, Latest Finish of the activity is set to be the starting point and the duration of each activity is deducted from it to arrive the LS of that activity. This process will go on from the right to the left.

Activity A B C

Duration weeks 5 2 6

Preceding Activity None A A

ES 0 5 5

EF 5 7 11

LS 0 5 23

LF 5 7 29

Slack 0 0 18

D E F G H I J K L M N

12 10 9 5 9 1 2 3 9 7 8

B D D D B C,E G F,I,J K H,G M

7 19 19 19 7 29 24 30 33 24 31

19 29 28 24 16 30 26 33 42 31 39

7 19 21 22 18 29 28 30 33 27 34

19 29 30 27 27 30 30 33 42 34 42

0 0 2 3 11 0 4 0 0 3 3

2)

The activities of a project and their time estimates are given Immediate Predecessor Activity A Design Plant 12 B Select Site 8 A C Select Vendor 4 A D Select Personnel 3 A E Prepare Site 12 B F Manufacture Generator 18 C G Prepare Operations Manual 5 C H Install Generator 4 E,F I Train Operators 9 D,G, J Obtain Licence 6 H,I You are required to a) draw a network diagram; b) Find the critical path and the project completion time; c) Prepare an activity schedule showing the ES, EF, LS, LF, and slack for each activity
3)

Activity

Description of activity

Duration of activity (months)

From the data given below i) draw a net work diagram; ii) find the critical path and the project completion time; and iii) prepare an activity schedule showing ES, EF, LS, LF, and slack Activity A B C Immediate predecessor Activity time in weeks 6 10 14

D E F G H 4)

C A,B E,D D F,G

6 14 6 4 4