Decent Work

DecentWork
Indonesia
BPSStatisticsIndonesia
Introduction
z AccordingtotheILOguidelines1),theprimarygoalof
promotingdecentworkistoachievefullandproductive
employmentanddecentworkforall,includingforwomenand
youngpeople
z TheeffortsarestatedintheDecentWorkAgenda(DWA)which
constitutes4strategicobjectives,namely:
9 fundamentalworkers
fundamentalworkers rightandinternationallabourstandard
9 employmentpromotion
9 socialprotection
9 socialdialogueandtripartism
Note,1) GuidetothenewMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsEmployment
Indicators,ILO,Geneva,June2009
MDG1B,TargetandIndicators
z Decentworkandproductiveworkforalliscentraltoaddressing
povertyandhunger,thenanewtarget,i.e.Target1Bisincluded
povertyandhunger,thenanewtarget,i.e.Target1Bisincluded
intoMDGsframework
z NewMDGTarget1Bis:Achievefullandproductiveemployment
anddecentworkforall,includingwomenandyoungpeople
z
9
9
9
9
Thistargetcontains4indicators,theseare:
Growthrateoflabourproductivity(GDPperpersonemployed)
Employmenttopopulationratio
Proportionofemployedpeoplelivingbelowpovertyline
Proportionofown
Proportionofownaccountandcontributingfamilyworkersin
totalemployment(vulnerableemploymentrate)
ConcerntotheDecentWorkinIndonesia
z Decentworkconceptwaslaunchedfirstlyin1999,asstatedin
thereportofManpowerMinistryonthe87th Sessionof
InternationalLabourConference
z StudyofdecentworkinIndonesiahavebeendone,among
othersbyILO
othersbyILOIndonesia(DiahWidiarti,2007)
z Afewdiscussionhavebeenundertakeninthelastseveral
years,especiallyamongprimarystakeholders(ILO,Ministryof
Manpower,BPS
Manpower,BPSStatisticofIndonesia),buttherearestillno
cleartargetandagendatobeachieved
z Ingeneral,thedecentworkissuesseemstoberegardedasa
non
nonpriorityagenda,atleastatpresent
TheImportantofDecentWorkforIndonesia
z Consideringthat:
Veryhighproportionofinformalunemployment(abouttwo
Veryhighproportionofinformalunemployment(abouttwothird
oftotalworkers),
Highpercentageofown
Highpercentageofownaccountworker(mostofthemwithlow
income)andcontributing(unpaid)familyworker,
Highproportionofworkerwithloweducationlevel,andhencelow
Highproportionofworkerwithloweducationlevel,andhencelow
income,
Certainamountofchildlabour,somepartofthemareregardedin
Certainamountofchildlabour,somepartofthemareregardedin
difficult/hazardoussituation,
Andotherreasons.
z Then;thedevelopmentofdecentworkforumandsituation
analysisisregardedimportantandnecessary
DataSources
z Thereareseveraldatasourcesfordecentworkindicators,
i.e.:
BPSstatisticsIndonesiaforquantitativedatawhichare
mainlybasedonsurveysandcensuses
MinistryofManpowerforqualitativedatawithregardto
socialdialogue,socialprotectionandadministrativedata
Otherinstitution,includingILO,forotherspecificindicators
BPSDataSources
z
9
9
9
Mainsource
Title:NationalLabourForceSurvey
Time:2timesyearly,FebruaryandAugust
Samplesize:
a.February,
a.February,70.000households,forprovinceestimates
b.August,
b.August,300.000households,fordistrictlevel
estimates
9 Coverage:mayprovidemanyindicatorsrelatedtodecentwork
z Othersource
9 NationalSocio
NationalSocioEconomicSurvey,PopulationCensus,Intercensal
PopulationSurvey
9 ChildLabourSurvey:currentlyconductedthroughILOsupport
TABLES/INDICATORS,
DERIVEDFROMNATIONAL
LABOURFORCESURVEY
1.LabourProductivity
GDPatConstantPrice
(billionRupiah)
TotalEmployment
(Millionperson)
LabourProductivity
LabourProductivityGrowthRate
2007
2008
2009
1,963.1
2,082.1
2,173.7
108.13
111.48
113.74
18.2
18.7
19.1
2.74
2.14
1)RoughEstimates
2.Employmenttopopulationratio,1564years
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
78.43
78.72
78.90
Female
46.25
47.75
48.25
Total
62.39
63.23
63.56
3.Unemploymentrate
Sex
2007
Male
Female
Total
2008
2009
8.11
7.59
7.51
10.77
9.69
8.47
9.11
8.39
7.87
3.1Youthunemploymentrate,1524years
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
23.76
21.82
21.64
Female
27.33
25.53
23.04
Total
25.14
23.31
22.20
3.2Youthnotineducationandnotinemployment(1524years)
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
4,869,452
4,717,673
4,650,906
Female
8,574,488
8,108,998
7,980,176
Total
13,443,940
12,826,671
12,631,082
%toTotalLabourForce
8.2
7.7
7.5
4.UnemploymentbyLevelofEducation
(Total)
2007
NoSchooling/NotcompletedPrimaryScho
2008
2009
5.32
5.82
7.12
PrimarySchool
21.77
22.35
17.09
JuniorHighSchool
22.62
21.01
19.76
SeniorHighSchool(General)
25.29
25.58
27.58
SeniorHighSchool(Vocational)
15.37
15.00
15.70
9.63
10.23
12.75
100.00
100.00
100.00
Diploma/University
Total
4.1UnemploymentbyLevelofEducation
(Male)
2007
2008
NoSchooling/NotcompletedPrimaryScho
2009
5.15
5.42
7.38
PrimarySchool
22.04
22.03
18.80
JuniorHighSchool
23.22
21.01
20.80
25.14
26.25
26.96
17.16
16.85
17.13
7.29
8.44
8.93
100.00
100.00
100.00
Diploma/University
Total
4.2UnemploymentbyLevelofEducation
(Female)
2007
NoSchooling/NotcompletedPrimarySchool
2008
2009
5.53
6.34
6.74
PrimarySchool
21.43
22.77
14.63
JuniorHighSchool
21.86
21.01
18.26
25.49
24.74
28.49
13.12
12.66
13.64
Diploma/University
12.56
12.49
18.25
100.00
100.00
100.00
Total
5.EMPLOYMENTBYSTATUSINEMPLOYMENT
(Total)
2007
OwnAccountWorker
2008
2009
20.3 20.4 20.1
EmployerAssistedbyTemporary/UnpaidWorker 21.0 21.2 20.9

EmployerAssistedbyPermanentWorker
2.9 2.9 2.9
Employee
28.1 27.5 27.8
CasualEmployee
10.4 11.0 11.0
ContributingFamilyWorker
17.3 16.9 17.3
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0
5.1EMPLOYMENTBYSTATUSINEMPLOYMENT
(Male)
2007
2008
2009
OwnAccountWorker
21.5 21.2 21.1
EmployerAssistedbyTemporary/UnpaidWorker
25.2 25.4 25.2
3.8 3.9 3.9
Employee
29.9 28.9 28.6
CasualEmployee
11.8 12.8 13.0
ContributingFamilyWorker
7.8 7.8 8.1
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0
5.2EMPLOYMENTBYSTATUSINEMPLOYMENT
(Female)
2007
2008
2009
OwnAccountWorker
18.4 19.1 18.3
EmployerAssistedbyTemporary/UnpaidWorker
14.0 14.3 13.8
1.4 1.4 1.3
Employee
24.8 25.1 26.4
CasualEmployee
7.9 8.0 7.8
TemporarilyNotWorking
33.6 32.1 32.4
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0
6.PROPORTIONOFOWNACCOUNTANDUNPAIDFAMILYWORKERINTOTALEMPLOYMENT
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
29.28
28.95
29.28
Female
51.96
51.22
50.76
Total
37.63
37.34
37.42
7.Excessivehours(morethan48hoursperweek)
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
20,464,874 20,351,774 20,641,832
Female
8,767,632 9,473,667 9,381,268
Total
29,232,506 29,825,441 30,023,100

PercentageofTotalEmployment
Male
32.4 31.8 31.7
Female
23.8 24.5 23.6
Total
29.3 29.1 28.6
8.ChildLabour1)(%tototalworker)
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
3.74
3.37
3.46
Female
3.76
3.54
3.64
Total
3.75
3.43
1)Age10
Age10 17years
3.53
8.1HazardousChildLabour1)(%tototalchildlabour)
Sex
2007
2008
2009
Male
30.3 30.9 27.8
Female
36.1 38.4 34.4
Total
32.5 33.8 30.4
1)Totalworkinghoursmorethan40hours/work
9.Genderwagegap(RUPIAHS)
Gap
Male
Female
Total
2007
2008
2009
272,775
281,222
323,622
1,166,130
1,254,865
1,489,547
893,355
973,642
1,165,925
1,158,085
1,377,677
1,077,312
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Decent Work

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DecentWork

20.3 20.4 20.1

EmployerAssistedbyTemporary/UnpaidWorker 21.0 21.2 20.9

2.9 2.9 2.9

28.1 27.5 27.8

10.4 11.0 11.0

17.3 16.9 17.3

100.0 100.0 100.0

21.5 21.2 21.1

25.2 25.4 25.2

3.8 3.9 3.9

29.9 28.9 28.6

11.8 12.8 13.0

7.8 7.8 8.1

100.0 100.0 100.0

18.4 19.1 18.3

14.0 14.3 13.8

1.4 1.4 1.3

24.8 25.1 26.4

7.9 8.0 7.8

33.6 32.1 32.4

100.0 100.0 100.0

20,464,874 20,351,774 20,641,832

8,767,632 9,473,667 9,381,268

29,232,506 29,825,441 30,023,100

32.4 31.8 31.7

23.8 24.5 23.6

29.3 29.1 28.6

30.3 30.9 27.8

36.1 38.4 34.4

32.5 33.8 30.4

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