4.

1 #1
Fit V = CP a to the data in the table. Use the transformation log V = a log P + log C.
Location

Population (P)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

341,948
1,092,759
5,491
49,375
1,340,000
365
2,500
78,200
867,023
14,000
23,700
70,700
304,500
138,000
2,602,000

log P
896667667995345
1
70368744177664
3913688944808997
2
281474976710656
605935803288977
3
70368744177664
6083912456380243
4
562949953421312
5 7942199370645835
562949953421312
6642693880779571
6 1125899906842624
8809092674755503
7 1125899906842624
8 1585692789397185
140737488355328
9 1924278455826127
140737488355328
10 2687188856665949
281474976710656
11 2835362271728083
281474976710656
12 3143006124730743
281474976710656
13 7108046134691685
562949953421312
14 1665629436275763
140737488355328
15 8315779020527189
562949953421312
y = 0.096x + 0.33

Mean Velocity (V)ft/sec

4.81
5.88
3.31
4.90
5.62
2.76
2.27
3.85
5.21
3.70
3.27
4.31
4.42
4.39
5.05

log V
3536895401372131
2251799813685248
3989191186402985
2251799813685248
2695287709856981
2251799813685248
1789319769391777
1125899906842624
7774706638283147
4503599627370496
1143048127730721
1125899906842624
3691960143639125
4503599627370496
1517795432087667
1125899906842624
3716775411684871
2251799813685248
368262949940821
281474976710656
2667909867274599
2251799813685248
6579479400586703
4503599627370496
6692978181529655
4503599627370496
6662306555867657
4503599627370496
227908634032397
140737488355328

(f ) Find the equation of the form V = CP a that expresses V in terms of P .

V

= CP a

log V

log (CP a )

log V

log (C) + a log P

log V
| {z }

log (C) + a log P

| {z } |{z}

log V

log V

yint

slope

0.33 + 0.096 log P

= e0.33+0.096 log P

= e0.33 elog P

0.096

1.3910P 0.096

4.1 #2
Graph equation from 1f superimposed on original scatterplot.

4.1 #3
Plot approximations along actual data.

Observed Velocity Predicted Velocity

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

4.81
5.88
3.31
4.90
5.62
2.76
2.27
3.85
5.21
3.70
3.27
4.31
4.42
4.39
5.05

4.7269
5.2846
3.1792
3.9255
5.3891
2.4507
2.9479
4.1027
5.1685
3.4781
3.6584
4.0631
4.6746
4.3326
5.7436

4.3 #3
x
y

0
7

1
15

2
33

3
61

4
99

5
147

6
205

7
273

Construct a divided difference table.

x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

y
13
336
13
48
13
8
65
8
65
2
195
2

0.23214
0.23214
1.3542
6.5
24.375
65
205 107.5
273
68

0.56101
0.56101
2.5729
8.9375
20.313
21.25
19.75
0

0.67063
0.67063
2.1215
3.7917
0.3125
13.667
0
0

0.36272
0.010962
0.36272
0.010962
0.41753 0.25747
0.86979 0.525
3.4948
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.044738 2.1259e 005

0.044738 2.1259e 005
0.044589
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Given the nature of the data, a low order polynomial of degree 2 seems appropriate for interpolation.

4.3 #6
X
Y

46
40

49
50

51
55

52
63

54
72

56
70

57
77

58
73

59
90

60
93

61
96

62
88

63
99

64
110

66
113

67
120

68
127

71
137

72
132

Construct scatterplot and divided difference table. Examine and choose appropriate
approximation polynomial.

The data is arranged in a linear nature. In constructing a difference table there is a

noticable consistancy to the differences through the table. Given that a high degree
polynomial will exponential shoot off at the tail of the data, it is not appropriate to
represent the data this way. A linear regression line fits the data just as nice as a
quadratic regression line. Therefore, I would say a linear approximation is sufficient
for this data.