INTRODUCTION Lipid is a family of compounds that includes triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols.

Lipid profile or known as lipid panel is a group of blood test performed to determine the lipid content in the blood. This method is a good indicators to determined the risk of getting cardiovascular disease. The lipid profile includes: Total Cholesterol High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL) Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL) Triglycerides

Assessment of total cholesterol is important to measures overall cholesterol level of a person. High levels of cholesterol always related with the atherosclerosis and increasing risk of getting heart disease. HDL well known as a good lipoprotein whereas LDL as a bad lipoprotein. HDL composed mainly of protein. It is used to transports cholesterol from cells back to the liver. LDL is a type of lipoprotein derived from VLDL (Very Low Density Lipoprotein). It composed primarily of cholesterol. In addition, triglycerides is the major storage form of fat in human body. High triglyceride levels increase the atherogenicity of HDL and LDL cholesterol. The content amount of lipid profile in our body is related to one another. When ones total cholesterol is high, the component that make up the total cholesterol should be measured. This is because sometimes the high amount is due to the good lipoprotein which can reduce risk of heart disease and sometimes it is due to the bad lipoprotein. Healthy adults are recommended to tested their lipid profile every five years. This is because they might have high risk of getting cardiovascular diseases without notice it. For children and adolescents at low risk, they are not ordered to undergo this test routinely. In order to get an accurate results for lipid profile test, responden have to be in a fasting condition. This is because triglycerides levels will elevated immediately after we consumed food. So, it will affect the accuracy of HDL and LDL cholesterol too. Blood pressure is the arterial pressure of the systemic circulation. The measurement of the blood pressure is usually done at the upper arm of a person. If the systemic arteries hardened or narrowed, it is hard to pump the blood throughout the body. Besides,

measurement of heart is based on the sound produced. There are two sound produces by heart which is systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure is the pressure in an artery when the heart is contracting while diastolic blood pressure is the pressure in an artery when the heart relaxes between contractions. millimetres of mercury or mmHg. The common device used for measuring blood pressure is stethoscope and sphygmomanometer. The different sounds of blood flow through the arms main artery correspond to the contraction and relaxation of the heart. For this purpose of experiment, we are using sphygmomanometer only. Based on this device, systolic pressure is measured by applying pressure to the artery through the inflation of a cuff. The pressure in the cuff is slowly released, and as it descends it reaches a point where the blood can spurt with each pulse through the constricted artery, creating a tapping sound. In addition, this spurting occurs only when the blood pressure is highest, which is during the ventricular contraction. However, diastolic pressure is measured after the continuing to let the air out of the cuff. The first moment when the sounds are no longer audible indicates that blood is flowing continuously through the artery. So, this is the lower blood pressure reading which is diastolic, and it occurs during ventricular relaxation. The unit blood pressure measurement is

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eimj/v1/?wpfb_dl=83. Whitney E., Rolfes S. R.. (2008). Understanding Nutrition, Eleventh Edition. Wadsworth: Cengage Learning.

Cardiac Risk Assessment. Automated assays for clinical analysers to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease. (2007). Retrieved from website http://www.randox.com/ brochures/PDF%20Brochure/LT147.pdf. Blood Pressure. (2012). Retrieved from website http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure.