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Objectives
1. To cleave DNA using Type II restriction enzyme.
2. To familiarize student on how to do aseptic lab work.
Introduction
Type II restriction enzymes are the class usually used to cleave DNA. This is because cleavage
with these enzymes occurs at specific sites within or adjacent to the enzymes’ recognition
sites.
The digestions are routinely done at 37°C unless lower or higher temperatures are required
for optimal digestion. RE buffers are normally supplied together with the enzymes.
Normally, 1 unit of enzymes is needed to digest 1µg of DNA at the appropriate temperature
in 1 hour.
Then 15µl of genomic solution after incubation with RE was loaded into the well in 1.2%
agarose gel. The gel was run at 75V at 5 mins and 70V at 40 mins. The agarose gel was
stained in the ethidium bromide and visualized under UV light.
Result
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Genetic Engineering
Question
1. What is RE? Give types of RE.
RE is an enzyme, specifically an endode-oxyribonuclease, which recognizes a short
specific sequence within a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule and then catalyzes
double-strand cleavage of that molecule. Restriction enzymes have been found only in
bacteria, where they serve to protect the bacterium from the deleterious effects of
foreign DNA. There are three known types of restriction enzymes:
• Type I enzymes recognize a specific sequence on DNA, but cleave the DNA chain at
random locations with respect to this sequence. They have an absolute requirement
for the cofactors adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and S-adenosylmethionine. Because
of the random nature of the cleavage, the products are a heterogeneous array of
DNA fragments.
• Type II enzymes also recognize a specific nucleotide sequence but they do not
require cofactors and they cleave specifically within or close to the recognition
sequence, thus generating a specific set of fragments. It is this exquisite specificity
which has made these enzymes of great importance in DNA research, especially in
the production of recombinant DNAs.
• Type III enzymes have properties intermediate between those of the type I and type
II enzymes. They recognize a specific sequence and cleave specifically a short
distance away from the recognition sequence. They have an absolute requirement
for the ATP cofactor, but they do not hydrolyze it.
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Genetic Engineering
Conclusion
Through this experiment, we become familiar with the aseptic technique to cleave the DNA
using Type II restriction enzyme.
References
"restriction enzyme." McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. The McGraw-
Hill Companies, Inc., 2005. Answers.com (250908)
www.answers.com/topic/restriction-enzyme
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restriction_enzyme (250908)