Presco: Automatic Capacitance and Power Factor Field Test Set 12 KV - 2.4 kVA Type FT-12

Presco AG
Zrcherstrasse 70 -CH 8104 Weiningen Tel. + 41 44 750 63 63 Fax + 41 44 750 63 66

P.O. Box 155 Switzerland www.prescoag.com info@prescoag.com
FT12_Marketing-Englisch_neu_neu.DOC / KF/16.08.2004 Page 1 of 17
Automatic Capacitance and Power Factor
Field Test Set 12 kV 2.4 kVA
Type FT-12
Description Technical Data Features Accessories Options
www.prescoag.com
Presco AG
1. General
1.1 Features
- Measurement and operation according IEEE standard 62
- Screened HV supply with ground capacitance lower than 1 pF
- Measurement of grounded and ungrounded objects without any reconnection
- Built-in extremely stable standard capacitor 100 pF / 12 kV
- Built-in automatic interference suppression
- Fully automatic measurements
- Measurement of capacitance, tanDelta, Power Factor, Specimen current (real, imagi-
nary, absolute), Powers (apparent, active, reactive), Inductance, Quality Factor, Test
Voltage, Frequency.
- Highest resolution
- Data storage feature (internal NVRAM)
- RS 232 interface for data download as standard
- The system with the lightest weight on the market
- Complete system including all cables
- Large number of options
- Including test certificate with traceability to international standards
Presco AG
2. Function Principle
The measuring instrument compares the current of the test object C
X
(unknown capacitor)
with the current of the so called standard capacitor C
N
.
Fig. 1 shows the principle of the comparison.
Fig.. 1
The Current Comparator" is a magnetic "comparison instrument. On a iron core of high
permeability with the shape of a ring there are several windings. If the sum of the ampere
windings is zero, the magnetic flow in the core becomes zero too. The voltage on the "N
i
"-
winding is proportional to the magnetic flux. If the flux becomes zero the voltage on the N
i
winding will also be zero. The very low voltage on the N
i
winding is amplified with amplifier
"A
i
" and then displayed on bar graph.
For the balanced state the following conditions are valid :
The current I
x
trough the test object is:
I U G j C
x t xp xp
= + .( . . ) (1)
The current I
N
trough the standard capacitor is:
I U j C
N t N
= . . . (2)
The I
N
current is transformed by a current transformer and a current-voltage converter into
voltage which is proportional to I
N
. By the analog-digital-converter A/D
C
(in Phase) and
A/D
tg
(90 phase lag) a part of the I
N
current is fed into the current comparators winding
N
b
.
Presco AG
If the windings N
x
and N
N
as well as the analog-digital-converters A/D
C
and A/D
tgo
are set
properly, the magnetic flux in the iron core becomes zero. This is the so called balanced
state.
Mathematically, the condition for the balanced state is :
| |
U N j C G U j C N k j N
t x xp xp t N N b
. .( . . ) . . . . .( . ). + = + (3)
By application of equation (3), the values of C
xp
and G
xp
can be calculated. In practice,
instead of G
xp
, the so called dissipation factor, or tangent delta (tano) is calculated. The
dissipation factor is defined as the ratio of the reactive power in the test object to the ac-
tive power. In case of a sinusoidal signals and in the complex notation the dissipation fac-
tor corresponds of the rest-angle of the impedance vector :
tg
G
C
xp
xp
=
.
From the equation (3) follows :
C C
N k N
N
xp N
N b
x
=
+
.
. .
(4)
and
tg
N
N k N
b
N b
=
+ . .
. (5)
If the values k and N
b
are chosen correctly, C
xp
can be determined with a very high resolution
: the winding N
N
can be adjusted over two decades (10x10 + 10 x 1) and the A/D-Converter
(12-bit) adds 3 digits. The overall resolution is more than 5 decades (<10 ppm ).
For measurements of inductance and quality factors of an high voltage the system will re-
verse the polarity of the I
x
current. In this case a negative capacitance value is displayed. By
selecting Inductance with one of the hot keys, the corresponding values of inductance L
X
and
the quality factor Q can are calculated by using the following formulas :
L
C
x
x
=
1
2
.
and
Q
tg
=
1
The micro controller reads the value of the standard capacitor C

N
from the EPROM, then cal-
culates the C
x
and tano values using equations (4) and (5) and displays these values on the
"= C
x
" and "= tgo" displays.
Presco AG
For calculation and display of the test voltage U
t
the micro controller samples some periods
of the signal "U
tg
", calculates the peak value (U
tgp)
and under consideration of C
N
value and
the measuring frequency determines the value to be displayed (U
dp
):
U
U T
a C R
dp
tgp
N c
=
*
*
.
1
2
with a = ratio of the current transformer in the I
N
circuit
R
c
= resistance in the current voltage converter
T = integration time of the phase shifter
+
N
x
N
N
N
RJ
C
C
x
N
CT
90 deg
R
xp
I
I
x
N
b
~
a
+/- 1
I
U
Phase
Shifter
+/- 1
N
bal
I
U
+
90 deg
Phase
Shifter
+/- 1
~
+/- 1
AC from
mains
I
U
voltage
measurement
N
RJ
I
U
N
NI
I
U
Null
Indicator
High Voltage
Ungrounded Test Object
GUARD
Presco AG
3. Maintenance measurements on transformers
The below statements are to be taken as an example as beside transformers, a lot of differ-
ent objects, such as CTs, PTs, switch gear, insulators, grading capacitors, bushings or even
motors and generators can be measured.
To increase the reliability of energy systems it is proposed to periodically test the different
objects of an energy generation, transportation and distribution system. The main task is to
detect deterioration / ageing of an insulation BEFORE there is a breakdown. A breakdown of
a big transformer could lead to losses of around CHF 50'000 per hour due to the fact that in
case of a breakdown the energy cannot be sold. Not to talk about the losses because of
missing energy.
Fig.1.
To prepare a transformer for measurements, the following is proposed according to the stan-
dards (please refer to the above drawing):
- Measure between the windings (C
A
, C
B
) and between the windings and the tank (C
G
)
- All windings must be fully immersed in oil
- Each group of windings must be individually shortened
- All bushings have to be installed
- Winding temperature should be near 20 C
In addition it is proposed to disconnect all overhead lines from the transformer under test to
avoid to pick up noise / interference and in order not to have a stray capacitance in parallel
with the test object when measuring grounded objects such as e.g. C
G
(HV winding to tank).
C
A
C
B
C
G
Presco AG
By selecting the different test modes, all combinations of measurements according the
ANSI/IEEE Standard 62 can be measured without any rewiring (see Fig. 1 on previous
page) :
- UST A : Ungrounded specimen test cannel A, capacitance measured = C
A
, (C
B
and
C
G
guarded)
- UST B : Ungrounded specimen test cannel B, capacitance measured =C
B
, (C
A
and
C
G
guarded)
- UST A+B : Ungrounded specimen test cannel A + B, capacitance measured = C
A
+ C
B
- GST A+B: Grounded specimen test, cannel A + B, capacitance measured = C
A
+ C
B
+
C
G
- GSTgA: Grounded specimen test with guarded A (connected to "V"), capacitance
measured = C
B
+ C
G
- GSTg B: Grounded specimen test with guarded B (connected to "V"), capacitance
measured = C
A
+ C
G
- GSTg A+B: Grounded specimen test with guarded A and B (connected to "V"), capaci-
tance measured = C
G
The measurement results are displayed on a graphic LCD display. The display helps the
user to perform tests with minimal steps of operation.
The measurement results can be stored in the RAM of the processor for a later download to
a PC. The data storage feature allows to store up to 10 Files with up to 50 measurement re-
cords each.
Presco AG
4. Technical Data (basic unit)
Power Factor
Range -0.995 - + 0.995
Resolution 0.0001
Uncertainty 1% of rdg 1 2 digits
Dissipation Factor
Range 0 10 (1'000%)
Resolution 1 10
-4
(via software 1 x 10
-6
)
Uncertainty 1 % of rdg 1 2 digits
Capacitance
Range 0 - 1 F
Resolution 0.01pF
Uncertainty 0.1% of rdg
Inductance
Range 191H - infinite
Resolution 0.1 mH
Uncertainty 0.2 % of rdg
Test voltage (peak/\2)
Range 0 - 12 kV
Resolution 1 V
Uncertainty 1 % of rdg
Test Current (absolute, real part and imaginary part)
Range 0 - 5 A
Resolution 1 nA
Active Power
Range 0 - 999.9 kW
Resolution 0.1 nW
Active Power (recalculated for 10 kV)
Range 0 - 999.9 kW
Resolution 0.1 nW
Reactive Power
Range 0 - 999.9 kVar
Resolution 0.1 nVar
Apparent Power
Range 0 - 999.9 kVA
Resolution 0.1 nVA
Presco AG
Frequency
Range 45-65 Hz
Resolution 0.1Hz
Measuring modes UST A, UST B, UST A+B, GST A+B, GSTg
A, GSTg B, GSTg A+B
Automatic Noise Suppression Suppresses interference up to 30 times of
measuring signal (automatically)
Safety Features
Zero Start Interlock
Hand Held Safety Switch with indication
Ground Loop Check with indication
High Voltage Supply
Continuously adjustable from near Zero up to 12 kV
Output Current 200 mA 5 Min. on, 15 Min. off
Output Current 100 mA continuous
Reversal switch
Built-in extremely stable standard capacitor 100 pF / 12 kV
Earth capacitance of the high voltage < 1 pF
Additional Features
Built-in RS232 interface
Data Storage Feature : Possibility to save up to 10 files with up to 50 measurement re-
cords each for later download to PC
List function to display the internally stored records as a table
Selectable Power factor display : as tanDelta, Power Factor, direct, in per-
cent or permil
Rugged construction, built-in robust flight cases, no need for additional transport boxes.
Includes a box for cables / accessories
Test certificate with traceability to international standards included
Download Software
this software is compatible with Windows
functions:
down load of data
processing the measurements
displaying the measurements
printing
saving
transfer to Excel
data transfer via RS232 interface
Presco AG
Reference conditions
Minimal current through standard capacitor 35 A
Temperature 23 C 2C
Humidity, non condensing 45 ... 75%
Altitude (pressure) 101.3 kPa
Rated range of use
According IEC 359
Temperature 5C ... 40C
Humidity, non condensing 20 ... 95%
Altitude (pressure) 70 ... 106 kPa
5. Applicable Standards
IEEE C57.12.90-1987 test code for liquid-immersed distribution,
and regulating transformers and guide for
short circuit testing of distribution and
power transformers
IEEE Std 62-1978 IEEE Guide for Field Testing Power Appa-
ratus Insulation
IEC 348 Safety requirements fro electronic measur-
ing apparatus
IEC 359 Expression of the performance of electrical
and electronic measuring equipment
6. Physical
Dimensions HV unit 432 x 266 x 330 mm, 17 x 10.5 x 12.9 inch
Dimensions CTR unit 432 x 266 x 330 mm, 17 x 10.5 x 12.9 inch
Weight of HV unit approx. 28 kg
Weight of CTR unit approx. 23 kg
Rugged construction, built-in robust flight cases, no need for additional transport boxes.
Includes a box for cables / accessories
Presco AG
7. Scope of Supply / Options
7.1 Included Accessories
Shielded measuring cables 2 pcs., 20 m each
Shielded HV cable with hook 20 m
Large alligator clips 2 pcs.
Small alligator clips 2 pcs.
Ground cable with large alligator clip 20 m
Cable with safety switch 20 m
Power supply cable 1 p.
Instruction manual 1 p.
Calibration Certificate 1 p.
Download software 1 p.
8.2 Options
Resonating Inductor Type FT-12RI
For range extension of type FT-12 Capacitance and Power Factor Field Test Set
Rated Voltage 12 kV
Max. current 4.5 A
Max. reactive power 50 kVar
Range extension @ 50 Hz up to 1.1 F
Range extension @ 60 Hz up to 880 nF
With current indication for easy tuning
Provision for safety interlock
With built-in over temperature protection
Weight approx. 85 kg
Dimensions (W x D x H) approx. 350 x 480 x 700 mm
Presco AG
Unit for measurement of short circuit impedance of transformers Type FT-12CI
to be used together with FT-12 CT
Nominal output 0 ... 200 V, max. 10 A
0 ... 60 V, max. 20 A
0 ... 20 V, max. 25 A
0 ... 2 V, max. 35 A
Rating 1 min on 2 min. off
Input voltage 0 ... 230 V, 50 or 60 Hz
Built-in standard capacitor 100 nF Remark : the specified value of the stan-
dard capacitor is matched to the respective meas-
uring ranges.
Inductance measurement range 0.1 mH ... 100 H fully auto ranging
4 terminal measurement
Weight app. 25 kg
Dimensions w d h 432 x 266 x 330 (in mm), 17 x 10.5 x 12.9 (in inch)
Presco AG
Oil Test Cell Type OT-SCL12
Measurements according to IEC 250 and IEC 247
Volume of oil sample approx. 0.75 l
Inter electrode distance 9 mm
Capacitance of the empty cell approx. 60 pF
tano of the empty cell < 1 * 10-4
Maximum voltage for empty cell 5 kV
Test voltage of empty cell 10 kV / 1 Min.
Maximum voltage for filled cell 10 kV
Test voltage filled cell 12 kV / 1 Min.
Field strength at 10 kV 10 kV / cm
Connector LEMO 3
Weight approx. 4.2 kg
Dimensions approx. 330 mm height x 185 mm diameter
Presco AG
Calibration Standard Type TG-CAL
Nominal Voltage 10 kV
Nominal capacitance 100 pF
tanDelta values 0, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01. 0.005, 0.001 (0, 10%,
5%, 1%, 0.5%. 0.1%). other values possible
upon request
Dimensions : approx. 150 x 150 x 300 mm
Weight approx. 4 kg
Reference conditions
minimal current through standard capacitor 35 A
temperature 23 C 2C
humidity 45 ... 75%
altitude (pressure) 101.3 kPa
Rated range of use
according IEC 359
temperature 5C ... 40C
humidity, non condensing 20 ... 95%
altitude (pressure) 70 ... 106 kPa
Adapter for ext. Standard capacitor Type FT-12AD
To be used instead of the FT-12 HV together with an external HV Power Supply
Connectors : LEMO 3 for Standard Capacitor
Banana socket for Standard Capacitor (in
parallel with the LEMO3)
banana socket for GUARD
banana socket for EARTH
incl. over voltage protection
Presco AG
Professional Partial Discharge Field Measuring System Type FT-12PD
Detector
PD ranges 10 - 100 - 1000 - 10000 - 100000 pC
PD input impedance 50 O
PD readout LCD graphics digital, analogue or phase re-
solved pattern
PD uncertainty 3% of range
PD output 1V, 50 O
Low pass of broadband filter selectable 200 kHz / 6 dB or 400 kHz / 6dB
High pass of broadband filter selectable 20 kHz / 6 dB or 100 kHz / 6dB
Middle frequency of narrow band filter tuneable 60... 250 kHz
Bandwidth of narrow band filter 9 KHz
Gating up to 6 individual adjustable gates (hardware
gating)
Auto calibration 10 pC 10 000 pC
Auto ranging PD and voltage measurement
Oscilloscope output Voltage proportional sine and PD proportional
signal
Voltage measurement 100 V... 1 MV
Frequency range of voltage measurement 45 ... 150 Hz
Voltage scale factor 1 ... 10' 000
Uncertainty of voltage measurement 1 % of reading
Display analogue, digital, PD activities as y(t) plot as
lines or dots, persistent or cumulated, PD pat-
tern
Interface RS232 (for data transfer and remote control)
Power mains 230/115 V / 50/60 Hz / 25 VA
Coupling device
PD and AC signal are mixed in a single 50 O coax cable
input impedance of PD-channel 200 O
AC channel input impedance 1 MO
Bandwidth of PD-channel 20 kHz ... 2 MHz / 6 dB
Bandwidth of AC-channel 45 Hz ... 450 Hz
Max. AC input voltage 100 Vpeak/\2
AC divider capacitance 1 F
Output impedance 50 O / 20 kHz ... 2 MHz
Battery Calibrator
Supplied with calibration certificate
Charge values 5 - 10 - 100 - 1000 pC
Output capacitance < 150 pF
Rise time < 60 ns
Power supply 9 V battery type 6LR61
Battery life > 20 hours of continuous operation
Synchronisation optical pick-up of power frequency from
nearby lamps
Uncertainty 3%
Presco AG
High Voltage Cable
Coaxial high flex / 20 m, with hook
Built-in Coupling Capacitor
Nominal Capacitance 1'000 pF 20 %
Nominal voltage 15 kV
PD level < 5 pC
Dimensions of system approx. 510 x 490 x 450 mm
Weight approx. 17 kg
Cable accessories Type FT-12CA
High voltage cable with adapter for hook, big and small crocodile clips, incl. hook and
crocodile clips.
Warning lamp Type FT-12WL
Red flashing lamp with 20 m cable.
Is ON when HV is switched on
Presco AG
FT-12 System in various configurations
F
T
-
1
2
C
T
F
T
-
1
2
C
T
F
T
-
1
2
C
T
F
T
-
1
2
C
T
F
T
-
1
2
C
T
F
T
-
1
2
H
V
F
T
-
1
2
C
I
F
T
-
1
2
H
V
F
T
-
1
2
H
V
F
T
-
1
2
H
V
F
T
-
1
2
R
I
F
T
-
1
2
R
I
F
T
-
1
2
P
D
F
T
-
1
2
P
D
F
T
-
1
2
F
i
e
l
d
T
e
s
t
S
y
s
t
e
m
M
e
a
s
u
r
i
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g
R
a
n
g
e
s
a
t
f
u
l
l
1
2
k
V
/
5
0
H
z
(
6
0
H
z
)
C
:
u
p
t
o
5
3
n
F
(
4
4
n
F
)
L
:
1
9
1
H
(
1
5
9
H
)
.
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L
:
0
.
1
m
H
.
.
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0
H
C
:
u
p
t
o
1
F
(
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8
8
F
)
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:
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Presco: Automatic Capacitance and Power Factor Field Test Set 12 KV - 2.4 kVA Type FT-12

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Presco AG

Zrcherstrasse 70 -CH 8104 Weiningen Tel. + 41 44 750 63 63 Fax + 41 44 750 63 66

The micro controller reads the value of the standard capacitor C

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