INITIAL PROBLEMS FACED AFTER THE CREATION OF PAKISTAN INTRODUCTION: Pakistan came into existence on 14th august 1947.

Soon after its establishment Pakistan faced number of problems. Most of the problems of Pakistan were related with Pakistan dispute with India, such as the accession of the princely states, canal Water dispute, refugees' problems and distribution of armed and military assets. Infect most of t h e s e p r o b l e m s w e r e d e l i b e r a t e l y c r e a t e d b y I n d i a i t s e l f s o t h a t P a k i s t a n w o u l d n o t maintain its independent status and soon merged with India. (Nehru told General Sir F r a n k M e s s e r v y i n 1 9 4 5 , h i s d e l i b e r a t e p l a n w o u l d b e t o a l l o w Jinnah to have hisPakistan, end gradually makes things so impossible economically and o t h e r w i s e f o r Pakistan that they have to come on their banded knees and asked to be allowed back toIndia. 1.RADCLIFF AWARD (AUGUST 16, 1947): Background The Indian Independence Act 1947 provided the formation of two boundar y commissions for the division of the provinces of Punjab and Bengal between India andP a k i s t a n . E a c h b o u n d a r y c o m m i s s i o n c o n s i s t e d o f r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s f r o m I n d i a a n d Pakistan.Representatives of Punjab Boundary Commission P a k i s t a n I n d i a Justice Din MuhammadJustice Maher Chand MuhajanJus t i c e M u h a m m a d M u n i r J u s t i c e T e j S i n g h Representatives Bengal Boundary Commission P a k i s t a n I n d i a J u s t i c e A b u S a l e h J u s t i c e C . C . B i s w a s M u h a m m a d I k r a m J u s t i c e B . K M u k a r j e e Justice S.A RehmanS i r C y r i l R a d c l i f f w a s a p p o i n t e d a s t h e c h a i r m a n o f b o t h t h e b o u n d a r y commissions. Both India and Pakistan were agreed to accept the decision of Radcliff incase of deadlock. As expected the representatives of India and Pakistan were unable toreach on an agreement and Radcliff announced his own decisions on 16th August 1947. Analysis of the Boundary Award The award was partial, unjust and unfair to Pakistan as cliff handed over number of Muslim majority areas which were contiguous to the boundary of Pakistan to India butnone out the Hindu majority areas to Pakistan; Award also paved the way for the disputes between India and Pakistan over Kashmir and Canal Water. o Radcliff Award Handed over Some of the Muslim Majority Areas that w e r e Contiguous to the Boundary of Pakistan to India: These areas included.