INTRODUCTION

Control engineering has evolved over time. In the past humans were the main method for controlling a system. More recently electricity has been used for control and early electrical control was based on relays. These relays allow power to be switched on and off without a mechanical switch. It is common to use relays to make simple logical control decisions. The development of low cost computer has brought the most recent revolution, the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The advent of the PLC began in the 1970s, and has become the most common choice for manufacturing controls.

PLCs have been gaining popularity on the factory floor and will probably remain predominant for some time to come. Most of this is because of the advantages they offer. Cost effective for controlling complex systems. Flexible and can be reapplied to control other systems quickly and easily. Computational abilities allow more sophisticated control. Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce downtime. Reliable components make these likely to operate for years before failure.

Pneumatic controls have fullycompressed. Electro electricity. While move the

the

privilege to feature use

of wind energy sources is

pneumatic is

control using compressed air energy sources and fluid energy to that

the hydraulic control using compressed air replaces the relatively complex control, the three types

actuator. In a

of components

are difficult to control involves altered when the format change of control occurs. Financing costs and maintenance are expensive.

A method of using the same equipment and can change the shape of the actuator controlled is using PLC technology. Changes in the PLC is to change direction or

programs. PLC control technology is the variable needs of control. Many forms of control can be generated by the PLC compared with pneumatic and hydraulic controls. Process simulation can be made to the device programmer to ensure usability of PLC control systems. In other words, the PLC control more reliable and comfortable to use.

Many machine and equipment is using PLC technology. Plastic processing machine food processing machine and packaging machine using the PLC as a controller unit machine system. Another example is machine tools, construction machinery, quality control machine, robots, turbines, pumps and motors.

OBJECTIVES

Upon completing this task, student be able to: Draw a basic PLC program and install the control circuit to control the movement of a double acting cylinder using double and single directional control valve. TASK

Draw a PLC program, install the control circuit and commission the control for the following operation: After cylinder A extends and retracts automatically on full extend and retracts automatically on full extend for 10 time.Then, the red light will turn on for 10s. system will continue running until the stop switch is pressed. Use: a) Single solenoid 5/2 way directional control valve.

Device Installation

Electro pneumatic trainer

PLC unit and PC

Compressor

Push button

Cylinder

Limit switch

Single solenoid 5/2 way directional control valve

LED unit

Air regulator

Air distributor

Wire

PROCEDURE

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF SINGLE SOLENOID 5/2 WAY DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVE

PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM

Motion Diagram

PB1

LS2

LS1

T0001

SB

A+
(Set Y1)

A(Reset Y1) CNT01 #10

RL+
TIM01 #100

RL-

Electrical Circuit

+ 0 1 2 3 PB1 LS1 LS2 4 5 6 7 8 1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 Y1 RL

Ladder Diagram

OBSERVATION OF SINGLE SOLENOID 5/2 WAY DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVE

The observation that I get during the experiment is, when the switch A and B is press, the cylinder A will extend to ae, its also switch on the relay C (IRC) and timer at the same time. Relay C (IRC) is function to remained the operation for cylinder A to always continued extend when it finish retract and it also as a switch on for first move to cylinder A when all operation reset. The timer is set to make the cylinder stay extend for 2 second at ae. When cylinder A extend, relay A (IRA) will switch on to remind the cylinder A to stay when it fully extend. Relay are used because this operation is use a single solenoid. At this moment LED A light out. After 2 second, timer will cut off the power at relay A (IRA) and cylinder A will retract and hit the ar switch. Switch ar is function to switch on the counter. Counter is set 5 times and after 5 times it already set to switch on the cylinder B operation and cut off the cylinder A operation. So cylinder A will fully extend and fully retract for 5 timer until counter cut down the power and switch on the operation for cylinder B.

When cylinder B extend, its will switch on the relay B (IRB). Relay also use at the cylinder B operation because cylinder B also use a single solenoid. At this moment LED B light out. Switch limit be are put at the extend area of cylinder B to cut off the power at the relay B. So the cylinder B can fully retract.

Cylinder in fully extend condition

Cylinder in fully retract condition

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Completely turn off the external power supply when installing or placing wiring. Not doing so could cause electric shock or damage to the product. Make sure that all terminal covers are correctly attached. Not attaching the terminal cover could result in electric shock. Be sure that wiring is done correctly be checking the products rated voltage and the terminal layout. Incorrect wiring could result in fire, damage, or erroneous operation. Tighten the terminal screws with the specified torque. If the terminal screws are loose, it could result in short circuits, fire, or erroneous operation. Be sure there are no foreign substances such as sawdust or wiring debris inside the module. Such debris could cause fire, damage, or erroneous operation. Do not touch the terminals while power is on. Doing so could cause electric shock or erroneous operation.

CONCLUSION

From the experiment we have done, we can conclude that the single and double solenoid have different. We can see the different between both solenoid in the experiment. The single solenoid we use in first experiment have a spring return. The spring return is use to help the cylinder back to retract point. The double solenoid we use in second experiment not have a spring return but have a YAR part. The YAR part is also to help the cylinder back to retract point by receive a support current at the YAR part. So that we can see the different between the single and double solenoid.

REFERENCES

1. A beginner's guide to PLC, OMRON, 2001, TJ223.P76 .B43 2001 r 2. Lab manual for programmable logic controllers with LogixPro PLC simulator, Petruzella, Frank D., McGraw-Hill, 2005, TJ223.P76 .P474 2005 3. http://www.samamisr.com/Basics_of_PLC_Programming.pdf 4. http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfiles/3998817/OMRON-PLCBeginnerguide.pdf 5. http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfiles/3998683/Basics_of_PLC_Programming.pdf 6. http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfiles/8755568/Introduction_to_PLC_Programming 7. http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfiles/3998882/PLCFesto.pd 8. http://program-plc.blogspot.com