IIAR Ammonia Refrigeration Education And Training Program -- Module 3 -- Evaporators This was from my roommate when I was at Colorado State University in 1989. He aquired these books in 1998, and photocopied them as well as scanned them into a PDF file for me. I was interested in HVAC then and now, especially enviromentlly friendly HVAC that uses naturally occuring chemicals that can be found in the environment naturally (which I believe is usually "GREEN").
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IIAR Ammonia Refrigeration Education And Training Program -- Module 3
IIAR Ammonia Refrigeration Education And Training Program -- Module 3 -- Evaporators This was from my roommate when I was at Colorado State University in 1989. He aquired these books in 1998, and photocopied them as well as scanned them into a PDF file for me. I was interested in HVAC then and now, especially enviromentlly friendly HVAC that uses naturally occuring chemicals that can be found in the environment naturally (which I believe is usually "GREEN").
IIAR Ammonia Refrigeration Education And Training Program -- Module 3 -- Evaporators This was from my roommate when I was at Colorado State University in 1989. He aquired these books in 1998, and photocopied them as well as scanned them into a PDF file for me. I was interested in HVAC then and now, especially enviromentlly friendly HVAC that uses naturally occuring chemicals that can be found in the environment naturally (which I believe is usually "GREEN").
IIAR Ammonia
Refrigeration Education
and Training Program
Sorta UTM Cciiee (Uke Lord
Module 3 - EvaporatorsIIAR Basic Ammonia
y Refrigeration
Module 3 - Evaporators
Lesson 1
In Module 2 we leaned about the major components that make up industrial
reftigeration systems.
Most large industrial systems (Fig. 1) have a receiver. A receiver contains the
supply of liquid ammonia necessary to operate the system when needed upon
demand.
ey
"a
Por Re)
Cae
one Evaporator
m
a S
ha
Liquid ammonia flows from the receiver through a pressure reduction device —
Which in chs case is an expansion valve — and into the vessel. As it passes through
the expansion valve, the pressure and temperature of the ammonia refrigerant are
lowered.
A pump moves the cold ammonia fiom the vessel, through a metering valve and
into an evaporator. While the liquid ammonia passes through the evaporator, it
absorbs heat and converts to a vapor.
A compressor draws the ammonia vapor through the vessel from the evaporator. As
the ammonia vapor passes through the compressor, it undergoes an increase in
preture and temperature. The compressor then delivers the supehened vapor o 3
-sure and temperature allow the ammonia vapor to
In che c
ject th
‘compressor. The ammonia vapor condenses and returns to a liquid.
om the condenser into the receiver. The liquid
The liquid ammonia flow
ammonia collecs in the receiver where it is held for reuse in the system,
Fig. 1
Module 3In Module 2 we also explained the role of the pressure reduction device in the
system, In this module, we focus on some of the differenc types of evaporators in
use in industrial refrigeration systems,
One kind of evaporator isa blower coil unit, also known as a forced convection
ereporsae Howey iit or commonly tered wo arapairenit wnt eA OE
always located in the area co be cooled.
Another kind of evaporator is known 2s aliquid chiller, usually a shell and tube
evaporator. Generally, these evaporators ate used with secondary refrigeration
systems and are located in the machinery room. Liquid chillers are used to extract
hheat fiom a coolane that flows through the secondary refrigeration system,
AA third kind of evaporator isa plate and frame. These evaporators are also
commonly used to chill liquids. The plate and frame evaporator is growing in
popularity for use in ammonia
refrigeration systems.
eg ‘An air unit is the evaporator most
‘commonly found in large
industrial refrigeration systems. Ie
direcly cools the ar in the space
to be refigerated. Ammonia
refrigerant flows into the
craporator through an inlet header
(Fig, 2) which concains a
distribution device. The inlet
header makes certain that all of
the heat exchange surface receives
an equal supply of liquid
refrigerant.
‘The heat exchange surface in an,
erg evaporator is a coil which consists
of tubes or tubes with fins. The
evaporation process actually occurs
de the coil.
Fig. 2
‘A fan circulates air from the arca to be cooled over the heat exchange surface. The
fan can either blow or draw air over and around the coil. The heat contained in the
air is absorbed through the coil wals by the ammonia refrigerant, resulting in a
change of state, In other words,
the ammonia boils and converts
co) to vapor
‘An outlet header collets the vapor
and directs it to the compressor
suction por.
These part ae all buile into a
casing, along with coil supports, a
fan housing (shroud) and 2 drain
pan (Fig. 3). Col supports hold
the col in place. The fan housing
fr shroud, encases che fan blades
and directs che efficient flow of ait
Le cover the coil, The drain pan
Cr ed collects any water, known as
at colleets on the
of the coil
a
Fig. 3
Module 3