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WHOLE NUMBERS 1. Whole numbers are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,.... 2. (Zero) is the first whole number. 3. Whole numbers can be written in words or figures. 4. Each whole number is made up of the digits from 0 to 9. For example:(a) 304 is made up of the digits 3,0 and 4. It is read as 'three hundred and four'. (b) 4263 is made up of the digits 4, 2, 6 and 3. It is read as 'four thousand two hundred and sixty-three'
Worked Example Write the following in figures. (a) five thousand six hundred and twenty-four. Solution (a) 5 624
Worked Example State the place value of digit 7 in each of the following numbers. (a) 573 (c) 307 842 (b) 9 704 (d) 7 951 650 Solution (a) ten (c) thousand (b) hundred (d) millions Worked Example State the value of digit 9 in each of the following numbers. (a) 391 (c) 29 710 (b) 9 004 (d) 4 951 650 Solution (a) 90 (c) 9 000 (b) 9 000 (d) 900 000
5 972 436 is read as 'five million nine hundred and seventy-four thousand two hundred and thirty -six. Worked Example Write the following in words. a) 530 274 Solution (a) five hundred and thirty thousand two hundred and seventy-four.
C) Estimation
1.In our daily life, we use estimation when an accurate answer is unnecessary. 2. We often use rounding off to give an estimation to the actual value.
A) Addition
1. Addition is a process of finding the total of two or more numbers. 2. The total is also known as the sum. For example:The sum of 300 and 5 000 is 5 300. 3. The order of addition of numbers does not change sum.
4.The sum of any number and 0 is the number itself. For example:(a) 12 + 0 = 12 (b) 0 + 6 = 6 5. Follow the steps below when carrying out addition. Step 1:- Arrange the numbers according to their place values. Step 2:- Add from right to left.
Worked Example There are 25 apples, 3 760 durians and 948 oranges in Mr Tan's stall. Find the total number of fruits in his stall. Solution 1. Understand the problem Given information:Number of apples = 25 Number of durian = 3 760 Number of oranges = 9 48 Find:- Total number of fruits 2. Devise a plan Use addition. 3. Carry out the plan
1. Subtraction is a process of finding the difference between two numbers. For example:65 - 20 = 45 (Difference or remainder) 2. The difference between two same numbers is 0. For example:19 - 19 = 0 3. When we subtract 0 from a number, the number remains the same. For example:75 - 0 = 75 4. Follow the steps below when carrying out subtraction. Step 1:- Arrange the numbers according to their place values. Step 2:- Subtract or minus from right to left. 5. Addition is the inverse of subtraction. For example:76 - 15 = 61 62 - 15 = 47
C) Subtraction
4. Check
A) Multiplication
1. Multiplication is a process of repeated addition.
2.Changing the order of numbers in multiplication does not affect the product. For example:- 6 3 = 18 3 6 = 18 3. The product of any number and 0 is 0. For example:- 10 0 = 0 0 10 = 0 4. A number multiplied by 1 is the number itself. For example:- 36 1 = 36
C) DIVISION
1. Division is equal gathering or equal sharing.
2. When a number is divided by 0, it cannot be defined. For example:8 0 cannot be defined. 3. When a number is divided by 1, the quotient is the number itself. For example:51=5 4. When 0 is divided by any number, the quotient is 0. For example:0 58 = 0 5. Changing the order of numbers in division will affect the answer. For example:-
Worked Example (a)Divide 1 694 by 14 (b) Find the value 925 4 Solution