-Anatomy studies te structure & shape of the body & its parts & how they are related

to each other. Physiology studies how the body & its parts function. -The 2 dorsal body activities are the cranial cavity & spinal cavity. The cranial cavity is located inside the bone skull, and the organ contained in it is the brain. The spinal cavity extends from the cranial cavity to the vertebral column. Located within it is the spinal cord. -(4 quadrants) -> *right upper quadrant; left upper quadrant; right lower quadrant; left lower quadrant (9 regions) -> *right hypochondriac region; epigastric region; left hypochondriac region; right lumbar region; umbilical region; left lumbar region; right iliac region; hypogastric region; left iliac region; ^*^The cavity has these subdivisions because the abdominopelvic cavity is large and it contains many organs, so it helps to divide it up in smaller areas so it can be studied easily. -The anatomical position is in which the body is erect, the feet are parallel, and the arms hang at the sides with the pains facing forward. Anatomical position is used as a reference point to accurately describe body parts and position without causing any confusion. -The myelin sheaths around the fibers eventually get destroyed converting into hardened sheaths called scleroses. As this happens, the electrical current is short-circuited. -The protective strutctures found in the CNS are the skull and vertebral column, which encloses the brain and spinal cord within the bone; meningesl which protects the CNS structures with 3 connective tissue membranes, duramater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater; and cerebrospinal fluid, which is the fluid produced by choroid plexi and fills the ventricles and surrounds the CNS. -The cels that form myelin sheaths in the CNS are the Oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes cooperates in the formation of a myelin sheath along the axon. Each oligodendrocyte produces segments of several axon. The cells that form myelin sheaths in the PNS are the Schwann cells. Each Schwann cell can myelinate one segment of a single axon and they work together to form the myeln sheath. -1)Seminal Vesicle: it is the main energy source of sperm cells, and it relies entirely on sugars from the semial plasma for energy. 2)Prostate: It stabilizes the DNA containing chromatin in the sperm cells. 3)Bulbourethral Glands: produces a thick, clear mucus that drains into the penile urethra. It cleanses the urethra of traces of acidic urine, and it serves as a lubricant durng sexual intercourse. -Spermatogenesis starts with a primitive sterm cell called spermatogonia. The spermatogonia undergoes mitotic division. The FSH causes the spermatogonia to divide into 2 different cells; daughter cell A and daughter cell B. Daughter cell B results in a primary spermatocyte and then into a secondary spermatocyte. The secondary spermatocyte becomes 4 spermatids. The 4 spermatids develop into sperm cells.