1.9 Methodology Research methodology used in this study can broadly be divided into three parts as; 1.

Data Collection 2. Data Analysis 3. Presentation of results 1.9.1 Data Collection According to the Terms of Reference (TOR) of this project, required data were predetermined. Data already available by means of books, reports and unpublished document and news papers were used as secondary data sources in this study. Field survey method was the main technique applied to collect data of people and properties likely to be affected. Three ways were applied to collect field data; viz, 1. Set Questioner 2. Interviews/ Case Studies and 3. Observation All three methods of field data collection were used at the same day traveling along the proposed road sections. Three research assistants with field supervisors plus six helpers were employed to collect field data. Each field assistant was allocated to collect data on one field using questionnaires, interviews or observations (please see Annexure 01 and 02 for questionnaire). The collected data were tabulated according to the requirement of result. 1.9.2 Type of data collected for the survey Both primary and secondary data collected on the basis of given TOR for the assignment are classified as follows; a. Baseline Data Baseline data related to the project area and information about existing condition therein were collected. Priority was given to Population characteristic, Community resources, Livelihood of the community, Individual and family changes, Political and social resources, Community and institutional structures etc. b. Socio economic data The census for PAPs covering socio economic background was conducted in the proposed road development area. The properties located within the ROW and immediate vicinity of the road that may be affected was enumerated (19m corridor). The study team considered 500m meter strips to both sides to collect socio economic data for the SIA of the project influenced area. The relevant road designs and drawings for the particular road were used to identify persons and properties likely to be affected. The survey includes the following: - Commercial establishments

- Houses - Lands - Minor road access - Parapet walls, gates, fences - Cultural centers - Public utilities such as telephone, electricity, water lines etc. - Temporary sales outlets, business places - Three wheelers parking stands - Trees to be affected Those are the major areas of impacts to be considered for this study. Direct affected households were surveyed through a questionnaire survey. Men, women, youth, vulnerable groups were questioned for this survey. Interviews were held to gather socio economic data to determine socio economic background of those concerned. 1.9.3. Stakeholders Consultations Field investigation launched under Social survey focused on different stakeholders (primary and secondary) making use of a specific methodology. Stakeholder consultation is very important since different types of stakeholders can contribute their valuable ideas, suggestions and capacity, thereby extending their support to the success of the project tasks. Focus groups discussion were undertaken with the community such as female headed households, truck drivers, bus drivers, residents in poor clusters, laborers, road side vendors, petty businessmen, men, women, youths, students, farmers, etc. Before conducting a Focus Group Discussion (FGD), the study team developed checklists unique to them. The consultant paid more attention to identify negative and positive impacts of the project. All affected householders were specially interviewed and collected information on affected structures, assets, utilities, and land use etc. The socio-economic background of the PAPs was recorded through questionnaire surveys. In addition to that all relevant Government agencies / officials such as Divisional secretaries, heads of pradeshiya sabha, Grama Niladharies, RDA officers, land officers, MOH/midwife, principals of schools, estate developers, religious leaders, leaders of CBOs/NGOs, and, police officers and other concerned parties were interviewed and information was recorded ( Please refer annex 09 and chapter 04 for details). 1.9.4. Data Analysis Both qualitative and quantitative data analyzing methods were used in this study. However, basic statistical techniques along with qualitative data analysis methods were employed to obtain required results. Following stages were followed to collect secondary data; 1. Review of secondary data

Available primary and secondary data sources (see the list of references for details of these sources) relevant to this project were used to analyze socio-economic condition of the project area. Those primary sources were prepared during the project feasibility studies and designing stages. The secondary data sources referred in this study as follows; a. Legal and Safeguards Framework ( Policies) Policies of both the Government of Sri Lanka and The World Bank were reviewed. Especially these policies were reviewed to determine the provisions of social safeguards that may become necessary (ex. National Involuntary Resettlement Policy of Sri Lanka, World Bank Operational Policies etc.). b. Mahinda Chinthanaya - A new crash programme was introduced by the incumbent president to quicken the development process of Sri Lanka. This is the ten year horizon development framework - 2006-2016 of the Government. With the implementation of Eastern Revival mega development projects targeting the development of eastern region specially Trincomalee district of the country under the Mahinda Chinthanaya (The contemporary governments main development program) have been undertaken. c. Road Sector Master Plan ( Published by Road Development Authority, March 2007) As the responsible institute for constructing, developing and maintaining the national road network the Road Development Authority (RDA) of the Ministry of Highways and Road Development has developed a Road Sector Master Plan with the overall objective of developing a comprehensive strategic plan for the physical development of the road network at national, provincial and local level.