}iJ.

~~tJfjS:~
98 Biology Paper I Marking Scheme
.(a)

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY
Marks

q;- ,q,

~~

(i)

F .invertebrates

(ii) (iii)

) anytwo ...
)

(iv)

to Thus This A

has compensate A a enables

needs higher

more to for body

achievefood the temperature faster

for a

higher heat respiration

loss than

metabolic to C

the to

release surrounding rate

more

energy

".""'

Effective communication (C)

I ) ) ) anytwo

(v)

Prohibit the overhunting ofF Prohibit the trading ofF Protect breeding grounds of F Establish a reservearea to protect F Educate people to protect the animals (accept other reasonableanswers)

,I

)
Total: 10 + I marks

..RIS.&~W~OO
98 Biology Paper I Marking Scheme

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY
Marks

~ '1- PI't

I.(b)

(i)

Title Labelling Correct Correct

(T)

plotting choice of labelling

graphs ! ~

of glucose axes and of

The axes joining (8)

(A) change solution witt1

.'."".".".'.'..'.'...' points in of units in

levels(L) set-up

(P)

of ..,..." A

sucrose and

set-up

,solution '.'

with

,." '...' and

time

",...,

-.'12 ...'/a

'12, '12 '12, '12 '12, '/a

220200
'.:-:

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::;:: [;: :::; :::~;
'. j

180 160 140

:~ii:..:
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:::;;
.;..;;

::;!. :!!"::;:.;.~~.- i.;.I

-.:;:

l=-- ~ -~~-:'

05

c 0 u 5 .c "0 a '"
0

"j

120 n.,.::-:-: ,

~~:L..:l;.:
T~: ~
:1::;': ..' ::..::::l ::::::::;; [ :~::-:::.;::: :;::::::.: ~ !::::=,;;; :=::;t:.~

;';I::'i~:;

~:;Jl~~1~1 j Jilif~~.jtill~l;:

~ 0:. u u
:I:

100

.. -:5

tU

~lf~u'j~
:.;;::' 60 40 20

~~L.. ~~~~jl ~~f::;~:: if~irlf ;I,F:""~J

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t~~!

Uf.j~illj:}l~31

10

20

30

40

so

60

Time (min) (ii)

The level the water because of sucrose potential solution of rose sucrose the solution was lower than that of

1
I

Thuswaterentered dialysis distilled water the tubing

..I

(iii)

Total:

10 marks

98-CE-BIO 1-11

iiii~jj4~i![; I~
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.,

~~~fIifi~M
98 Biology Paper I Marking Scheme

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY
Marks

I.(c)

(i)

Individuals

and

have

diabetes,

therefore

each

of

them

must

possess

at

Their least

children one

allele

(individuals for

this

type 3

and of

diabetes are 4)

normal,

that ,

means

at

.., least

one

of

the

parents

must

also

possess

one

allele

for

the

normal

character...

Thus a least the At In heterozygous allele one

of

the for

condition, this parents

type

is of heterozygous the onlydiabetes

dominant dominant is

allele

is

expressed

(ii)

0 = allele for this type of diabetes d = allele for the nomial character

)
1 ,

Od DO
(iii)
resU"ict carbohydrate/glucose intake injection of insulin

Total: 10+ 1 marks

98-CE-BIO1-12

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY

p.~ftm~M
98 Biology Paper I Marking 2.(a) (i) (ii) Scheme

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY
Marks I 1 I I

protection against mechanical damage/infection (I) It is covered by a cuticle which is impermeable to water to prevent excessive water loss by evaporation

LEffective communication (C)

(2) It has root hairs/outgrowth to increase the surface area forwater/mineral absorption

1 I
I I I

(iii)

B/C -+ E -+ J -+ G
(Ifz mark for site of roduction, Ifz mark for site of storage, I mark for route) Deduct Yl mark if there is no arrow sign

(iv)

Large accurate diagram (D) Labels and title (L) : .cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole (any 3)... signofplasmolysis(S)

I IIfz Ifz

cell wall

cytoplasm :{:rnucleus \\~'-

vacuole
cell membrane

r&.;

A cell or G under high power

Total: 12 + 1 marks

2.(b)

(i)

(1)

The vaccine containsthe hepatitis B antigen which stimulates certain white blood cells to develop a memoryfor the antigen Iff is exposedto the hepatitis B virus, large amountof specific antibodies will be produced in a short time so asto destroythe virus

1 1 1 1

I Effectivecommunication (C)
(2) No becausethe memory developed in the white blood cells is specific to the hepatitis B virus only

I
1 1 I I.

(ii)

Both Q and R contractedthe hepatitis B virus before but only Q can form antibodiesto destroythe virus while R cannotlbas not yet produced the antibodies Wear gloves when handling wounds Do not share toothbrush/nailcutter/razoretc. Use condom during sexualintercourse Screenthe blood used in blood transfusion ) ) ) any two )

(iii)

1.1 Total: 10 + 1 marks

2.(c)

(i)

.ball-and-socket joint: A andC .hinge joint: Band D Vertebrae are linked togetherby ligaments ) to fonn a colwnn ) any two and they allow the attachment muscles ) of for maintaining the posture to help more vitamin of Take inthe absorptionD calcium from food for bone fonnation calcium
.,

1+ 1 1+ 1

(ii)

(iii)

ri:l
,

...!}j +
..., L:J

...~

any

lone
set

Do regular weight-bearing exercise... to stimulate the increasein bone mass

98-CE-BIO I -13

Total: 8 marks

J;J..~~l1ijj~rJa

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY

FOR TEACHERS'
98 Biology Paper J Marking Scheme

USE ONLY
Marks

(i)

so reduces The capillary

the network of rate

blood has

a flow/more total large

time cross-sectional is allowed

area... the for

exchange

of

substances '.'

I
The rapid for numerous exchange branches of substances provide a between large surface the blood area and the tissue cells ".' '" .""".

(ii)

The pressureof fluid A near the arterial end is higher than that of fluid B Some of the p'a~ma except large proteins/someofrhe hlood except large proteins, red blood cells and platelets are forced through the thin wall of the blood capillary/P to fonn fluid B I~;e;tive communication (C)
right atrium
The contraction lymph OR during The to valves draw vessels, inspiration,
fluid of

I I I /-J
I

(iii)

(I)

(2)

of

skeletal

muscle~

helps

to

push

fluid

C along

the

the

drop vessels the

in

pressure

of the

the

thoracic
"""""""""'" of

cavity the

helps lymph """'"

theC lymph towards

heart prevent """""""""

backtlow

Total:

10 + I marks

(i)
The

(I)
The male
pollen which (2) to fonn carry

to prevent self-pollination/self-fertilization of the flower

gamete
the

fuses
genninate

with

the

egg

to

grains

prevent

the

zygote

male

any

gametes

unwanted

a,ld

towards

develop

pollination/fertilization

the

pollen

ovules

tubes

from

other

(ii)

Effective communication (C)

plants

1
characters are crossed can be produced ,

(iii) (iv)

so that Parents

offspring selected with with

characters desirable

because The desiredthe

daughter quality

of plants the

plant produced can

be from maintained the

tubers

are

genetically '.""."..""

identical

to The

the

parent plants can develop in the faster/they tuber for the have a greater

'.'.'.""' chance to develop

'

".' .

daughter food

as more

is available of

development/the ,..

development

is more

independent

environmental

conditions

Total: 11 + 1 marks

(i) (ii) (iii)

to(1) food/glucose

absorb

The because carbon

weight +

oxygen

dioxide carbon

of

-+flask

dioxide in

carbon

the

did air

produced dioxide from not

change

the

by

bell water

the

jar

rat

is

absorbed

by

potassium

hydroxide

""""'.."..."

The

weight

of

carbon

dioxide

absorbed

was

equal

to

the

weight

of

water

The (2)

bell pot

of jar (211.8 -1.2

soil lost has

gCO1h'.has from to -211.8)

be to

the

covered be

(0.02

covered potassium -(206.1-206.7)/30

gCOlminl) by

a by

black hydroxide a

plastic

cloth/paper

bag

60

gCa;zh.'

(iv)
98-CE-BIO I -14

Total: 9 marks

:;:J.m~su~g:a

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY

9.~IXW~OO
~

J;:J.~~IiP$OO
98 Biology Paper I Marking Scheme

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY
Marks
I

4.(a)

(i)

ql-ft

(ii)

Light-sensitive to and Nerve the transmitted cerebral impulses

cells cortex along were

on set for the

the

retina up interpretation optic nerve

were

stimulated ".'..,., into vision

Convex Lens Ciliary Suspensory

would muscles lens

become ligaments would

morewould contract convex slacken

."

(iv)
Lens of the eye ) Nearby object (diverging rays) )

Converging

rays

any

Arrow sign
Image on retina

)
)

Path of light rays from a nearby object after correction 4.(b)

(i)
(ii)

As the trees are cut, the soil is exposed/there no tree roots to hold the soil finnly is so that the soil can be easily eroded by rainfall and wind (1) (2) Asfoodforhwnansoranimals To provide seedsfor growing new plants There are symbiotic nitro~en-fix.jn~ bacteria in the root nodules of leguminous plants The bacteria convert atmosphericnitrogen to nitrogenous compounds (anunoniumion/amino acids) Someof theseis taken up by the plant for growth/protein synthesis ..", When the leavesand roots decompose, nitrogenous compounds are releasedto the soil, thus increasethe soil fertility

Total: 11 + 1 marks I I 1 1 1 1 ",. 1 1

spread/increase of depletion

specific in

the minerals population

in

the of

specific soil

pest

""...'

, I

Total: 4.(c) (i)

(2) (I) Hydrochloric Solution A is necessary acid and solution for the breakdown A are required of the for egg the white breakdown

10 + I marks

The There because Prepare except (2) (I)

OR

solution

would solution another solution to Hydrochloric .gastric

kill of

be will

the

bacteria A no tube

A juice egg turn has

contains breakdown

which been acid violet white

which

boiled isis

an in

also enterenzyme identical ofcolour

the

required

the

egg

to which alimentary white tube

"...'

for

is

the 1

in

this ~

breakdown canal

tube

of

'

the

egg

white

(ii)

(iii)
(iv)

98-CE.BIO I-IS

Total: 9 marks

.R~lXmfi~OO

FOR TEACHERS'

USE ONLY